scholarly journals Invisible ECG for High Throughput Screening in eSports

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7601
Author(s):  
Aline Santos Silva ◽  
Miguel Velhote Correia ◽  
Hugo Plácido Silva
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
Monitoring Technologies ◽  
Grade Assessment

eSports is a rapidly growing industry with increasing investment and large-scale international tournaments offering significant prizes. This has led to an increased focus on individual and team performance with factors such as communication, concentration, and team intelligence identified as important to success. Over a similar period of time, personal physiological monitoring technologies have become commonplace with clinical grade assessment available across a range of parameters that have evidenced utility. The use of physiological data to assess concentration is an area of growing interest in eSports. However, body-worn devices, typically used for physiological data collection, may constitute a distraction and/or discomfort for the subjects. To this end, in this work we devise a novel “invisible” sensing approach, exploring new materials, and proposing a proof-of-concept data collection system in the form of a keyboard armrest and mouse. These enable measurements as an extension of the interaction with the computer. In order to evaluate the proposed approach, measurements were performed using our system and a gold standard device, involving 7 healthy subjects. A particularly advantageous characteristic of our setup is the use of conductive nappa leather, as it preserves the standard look and feel of the keyboard and mouse. According to the results obtained, this approach shows 3–15% signal loss, with a mean difference in heart rate between the reference and experimental device of −1.778 ± 4.654 beats per minute (BPM); in terms of ECG waveform morphology, the best cases show a Pearson correlation coefficient above 0.99.

Comparative Responses to Squats Completed with Free Weights and an Exoskeleton

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Peter Neuhaus ◽  
Chris Jumonville ◽  
Rachel A. Perry ◽  
Roman Edwards ◽  
Jake L. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Comparative Similarity ◽  
Insufficient Amount ◽  
Force Data ◽  
Familiarization Session

AbstractTo assess the comparative similarity of squat data collected as they wore a robotic exoskeleton, female athletes (n=14) did two exercise bouts spaced 14 days apart. Data from their exoskeleton workout was compared to a session they did with free weights. Each squat workout entailed a four-set, four-repetition paradigm with 60-second rest periods. Sets for each workout involved progressively heavier (22.5, 34, 45.5, 57 kg) loads. The same physiological, perceptual, and exercise performance dependent variables were measured and collected from both workouts. Per dependent variable, Pearson correlation coefficients, t-tests, and Cohen's d effect size compared the degree of similarity between values obtained from the exoskeleton and free weight workouts. Results show peak O2, heart rate, and peak force data produced the least variability. In contrast, far more inter-workout variability was noted for peak velocity, peak power, and electromyography (EMG) values. Overall, an insufficient amount of comparative similarity exists for data collected from both workouts. Due to the limited data similarity, the exoskeleton does not exhibit an acceptable degree of validity. Likely the cause for the limited similarity was due to the brief amount of familiarization subjects had to the exoskeleton prior to actual data collection. A familiarization session that accustomed subjects to squats done with the exoskeleton prior to actual data collection may have considerably improved the validity of data obtained from that device.

Accelerated Discovery of High-Refractive-Index Polyimides via First-Principles Molecular Modeling, Virtual High-Throughput Screening, and Data Mining

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Atif Faiz Afzal ◽  
Mojtaba Haghighatlari ◽  
Sai Prasad Ganesh ◽  
Chong Cheng ◽  
Johannes Hachmann
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
First Principles ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Learning Program

<div>We present a high-throughput computational study to identify novel polyimides (PIs) with exceptional refractive index (RI) values for use as optic or optoelectronic materials. Our study utilizes an RI prediction protocol based on a combination of first-principles and data modeling developed in previous work, which we employ on a large-scale PI candidate library generated with the ChemLG code. We deploy the virtual screening software ChemHTPS to automate the assessment of this extensive pool of PI structures in order to determine the performance potential of each candidate. This rapid and efficient approach yields a number of highly promising leads compounds. Using the data mining and machine learning program package ChemML, we analyze the top candidates with respect to prevalent structural features and feature combinations that distinguish them from less promising ones. In particular, we explore the utility of various strategies that introduce highly polarizable moieties into the PI backbone to increase its RI yield. The derived insights provide a foundation for rational and targeted design that goes beyond traditional trial-and-error searches.</div>

Large-scale High-throughput Screening Revealed 5'-(carbonylamino)-2,3'- bithiophene-4'-carboxylate as Novel Template for Antibacterial Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 716-724
Author(s):  
Yan A. Ivanenkov ◽  
Renat S. Yamidanov ◽  
Ilya A. Osterman ◽  
Petr V. Sergiev ◽  
Vladimir A. Aladinskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Sos Response ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Translational Machinery ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Class

Background: The key issue in the development of novel antimicrobials is a rapid expansion of new bacterial strains resistant to current antibiotics. Indeed, World Health Organization has reported that bacteria commonly causing infections in hospitals and in the community, e.g. E. Coli, K. pneumoniae and S. aureus, have high resistance vs the last generations of cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. During the past decades, only few successful efforts to develop and launch new antibacterial medications have been performed. This study aims to identify new class of antibacterial agents using novel high-throughput screening technique. Methods: We have designed library containing 125K compounds not similar in structure (Tanimoto coeff.< 0.7) to that published previously as antibiotics. The HTS platform based on double reporter system pDualrep2 was used to distinguish between molecules able to block translational machinery or induce SOS-response in a model E. coli system. MICs for most active chemicals in LB and M9 medium were determined using broth microdilution assay. Results: In an attempt to discover novel classes of antibacterials, we performed HTS of a large-scale small molecule library using our unique screening platform. This approach permitted us to quickly and robustly evaluate a lot of compounds as well as to determine the mechanism of action in the case of compounds being either translational machinery inhibitors or DNA-damaging agents/replication blockers. HTS has resulted in several new structural classes of molecules exhibiting an attractive antibacterial activity. Herein, we report as promising antibacterials. Two most active compounds from this series showed MIC value of 1.2 (5) and 1.8 μg/mL (6) and good selectivity index. Compound 6 caused RFP induction and low SOS response. In vitro luciferase assay has revealed that it is able to slightly inhibit protein biosynthesis. Compound 5 was tested on several archival strains and exhibited slight activity against gram-negative bacteria and outstanding activity against S. aureus. The key structural requirements for antibacterial potency were also explored. We found, that the unsubstituted carboxylic group is crucial for antibacterial activity as well as the presence of bulky hydrophobic substituents at phenyl fragment. Conclusion: The obtained results provide a solid background for further characterization of the 5'- (carbonylamino)-2,3'-bithiophene-4'-carboxylate derivatives discussed herein as new class of antibacterials and their optimization campaign.

scholarly journals Identification of a juvenile-hormone signaling inhibitor via high-throughput screening of a chemical library

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Kayukawa ◽  
Kenjiro Furuta ◽  
Keisuke Nagamine ◽  
Tetsuro Shinoda ◽  
Kiyoaki Yonesu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Field Development

Abstract Insecticide resistance has recently become a serious problem in the agricultural field. Development of insecticides with new mechanisms of action is essential to overcome this limitation. Juvenile hormone (JH) is an insect-specific hormone that plays key roles in maintaining the larval stage of insects. Hence, JH signaling pathway is considered a suitable target in the development of novel insecticides; however, only a few JH signaling inhibitors (JHSIs) have been reported, and no practical JHSIs have been developed. Here, we established a high-throughput screening (HTS) system for exploration of novel JHSIs using a Bombyx mori cell line (BmN_JF&AR cells) and carried out a large-scale screening in this cell line using a chemical library. The four-step HTS yielded 69 compounds as candidate JHSIs. Topical application of JHSI48 to B. mori larvae caused precocious metamorphosis. In ex vivo culture of the epidermis, JHSI48 suppressed the expression of the Krüppel homolog 1 gene, which is directly activated by JH-liganded receptor. Moreover, JHSI48 caused a parallel rightward shift in the JH response curve, suggesting that JHSI48 possesses a competitive antagonist-like activity. Thus, large-scale HTS using chemical libraries may have applications in development of future insecticides targeting the JH signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Design and evaluation of a novel approach to invisible electrocardiography (ECG) in sanitary facilities using polymeric electrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline dos Santos Silva ◽  
Hugo Almeida ◽  
Hugo Plácido da Silva ◽  
António Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Voluntary Action ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
Standard Equipment ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Toilet Seat ◽  
Novel Approach

AbstractMultiple wearable devices for cardiovascular self-monitoring have been proposed over the years, with growing evidence showing their effectiveness in the detection of pathologies that would otherwise be unnoticed through standard routine exams. In particular, Electrocardiography (ECG) has been an important tool for such purpose. However, wearables have known limitations, chief among which are the need for a voluntary action so that the ECG trace can be taken, battery lifetime, and abandonment. To effectively address these, novel solutions are needed, which has recently paved the way for “invisible” (aka “off-the-person”) sensing approaches. In this article we describe the design and experimental evaluation of a system for invisible ECG monitoring at home. For this purpose, a new sensor design was proposed, novel materials have been explored, and a proof-of-concept data collection system was created in the form of a toilet seat, enabling ECG measurements as an extension of the regular use of sanitary facilities, without requiring body-worn devices. In order to evaluate the proposed approach, measurements were performed using our system and a gold standard equipment, involving 10 healthy subjects. For the acquisition of the ECG signals on the toilet seat, polymeric electrodes with different textures were produced and tested. According to the results obtained, some of the textures did not allow the acquisition of signals in all users. However, a pyramidal texture showed the best results in relation to heart rate and ECG waveform morphology. For a texture that has shown 0% signal loss, the mean heart rate difference between the reference and experimental device was − 1.778 ± 4.654 Beats per minute (BPM); in terms of ECG waveform, the best cases present a Pearson correlation coefficient above 0.99.

scholarly journals Recent Advances of Microbiome-Associated Metabolomics Profiling in Liver Disease: Principles, Mechanisms, and Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1160
Author(s):  
Ganesan Raja ◽  
Haripriya Gupta ◽  
Yoseph Asmelash Gebru ◽  
Gi Soo Youn ◽  
Ye Rin Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Activity Screening ◽  
Cellular Microenvironments ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites

Advances in high-throughput screening of metabolic stability in liver and gut microbiota are able to identify and quantify small-molecule metabolites (metabolome) in different cellular microenvironments that are closest to their phenotypes. Metagenomics and metabolomics are largely recognized to be the “-omics” disciplines for clinical therapeutic screening. Here, metabolomics activity screening in liver disease (LD) and gut microbiomes has significantly delivered the integration of metabolomics data (i.e., a set of endogenous metabolites) with metabolic pathways in cellular environments that can be tested for biological functions (i.e., phenotypes). A growing literature in LD and gut microbiomes reports the use of metabolites as therapeutic targets or biomarkers. Although growing evidence connects liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, the genetic and metabolic factors are still mainly unknown. Herein, we reviewed proof-of-concept mechanisms for metabolomics-based LD and gut microbiotas’ role from several studies (nuclear magnetic resonance, gas/lipid chromatography, spectroscopy coupled with mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis). A deeper understanding of these axes is a prerequisite for optimizing therapeutic strategies to improve liver health.

scholarly journals A High-Content Screening Assay for Small Molecules That Stabilize Mutant Triose Phosphate Isomerase (TPI) as Treatments for TPI Deficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 247255522110181
Author(s):  
Andreas Vogt ◽  
Samantha L. Eicher ◽  
Tracey D. Myers ◽  
Stacy L. Hrizo ◽  
Laura L. Vollmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Triose Phosphate Isomerase ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Triose Phosphate ◽  
The Common ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Triose phosphate isomerase deficiency (TPI Df) is an untreatable, childhood-onset glycolytic enzymopathy. Patients typically present with frequent infections, anemia, and muscle weakness that quickly progresses with severe neuromusclar dysfunction requiring aided mobility and often respiratory support. Life expectancy after diagnosis is typically ~5 years. There are several described pathogenic mutations that encode functional proteins; however, these proteins, which include the protein resulting from the “common” TPIE105D mutation, are unstable due to active degradation by protein quality control (PQC) pathways. Previous work has shown that elevating mutant TPI levels by genetic or pharmacological intervention can ameliorate symptoms of TPI Df in fruit flies. To identify compounds that increase levels of mutant TPI, we have developed a human embryonic kidney (HEK) stable knock-in model expressing the common TPI Df protein fused with green fluorescent protein (HEK TPIE105D-GFP). To directly address the need for lead TPI Df therapeutics, these cells were developed into an optical drug discovery platform that was implemented for high-throughput screening (HTS) and validated in 3-day variability tests, meeting HTS standards. We initially used this assay to screen the 446-member National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Collection and validated two of the hits in dose–response, by limited structure–activity relationship studies with a small number of analogs, and in an orthogonal, non-optical assay in patient fibroblasts. The data form the basis for a large-scale phenotypic screening effort to discover compounds that stabilize TPI as treatments for this devastating childhood disease.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia W. Lee ◽  
Shelley Austin ◽  
Madison Gamma ◽  
Dorian M. Cheff ◽  
Tobie D. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Cytotoxic Compounds

Cell-based phenotypic screening is a commonly used approach to discover biological pathways, novel drug targets, chemical probes, and high-quality hit-to-lead molecules. Many hits identified from high-throughput screening campaigns are ruled out through a series of follow-up potency, selectivity/specificity, and cytotoxicity assays. Prioritization of molecules with little or no cytotoxicity for downstream evaluation can influence the future direction of projects, so cytotoxicity profiling of screening libraries at an early stage is essential for increasing the likelihood of candidate success. In this study, we assessed the cell-based cytotoxicity of nearly 10,000 compounds in the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences annotated libraries and more than 100,000 compounds in a diversity library against four normal cell lines (HEK 293, NIH 3T3, CRL-7250, and HaCat) and one cancer cell line (KB 3-1, a HeLa subline). This large-scale library profiling was analyzed for overall screening outcomes, hit rates, pan-activity, and selectivity. For the annotated library, we also examined the primary targets and mechanistic pathways regularly associated with cell death. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use high-throughput screening to profile a large screening collection (>100,000 compounds) for cytotoxicity in both normal and cancer cell lines. The results generated here constitute a valuable resource for the scientific community and provide insight into the extent of cytotoxic compounds in screening libraries, allowing for the identification and avoidance of compounds with cytotoxicity during high-throughput screening campaigns.

LARGE-SCALE PREDICTOR VALIDATION IN PROJECT A: DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES AND DATA BASE PREPARATION

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
WINNIE Y. YOUNG ◽  
JANIS S. HOUSTON ◽  
JAMES H. HARRIS ◽  
R. GENE HOFFMAN ◽  
LAURESS L. WISE
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Large Scale
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