scholarly journals A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7243
Author(s):  
Jaime Lloret ◽  
Sandra Sendra ◽  
Laura Garcia ◽  
Jose M. Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensors ◽  
The Cost

The use of precision agriculture is becoming more and more necessary to provide food for the world’s growing population, as well as to reduce environmental impact and enhance the usage of limited natural resources. One of the main drawbacks that hinder the use of precision agriculture is the cost of technological immersion in the sector. For farmers, it is necessary to provide low-cost and robust systems as well as reliability. Toward this end, this paper presents a wireless sensor network of low-cost sensor nodes for soil moisture that can help farmers optimize the irrigation processes in precision agriculture. Each wireless node is composed of four soil moisture sensors that are able to measure the moisture at different depths. Each sensor is composed of two coils wound onto a plastic pipe. The sensor operation is based on mutual induction between coils that allow monitoring the percentage of water content in the soil. Several prototypes with different features have been tested. The prototype that has offered better results has a winding ratio of 1:2 with 15 and 30 spires working at 93 kHz. We also have developed a specific communication protocol to improve the performance of the whole system. Finally, the wireless network was tested, in a real, cultivated plot of citrus trees, in terms of coverage and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to check losses due to vegetation.

scholarly journals Desarrollo de un sistema inalámbrico escalable de medición de humedad del suelo en un cultivo de vid

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Ortega-Corral César ◽  
B. Ricardo Eaton-González ◽  
Florencio López Cruz ◽  
Laura Rocío, Díaz-Santana Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Different Depths

We present a wireless system applied to precision agriculture, made up of sensor nodes that measure soil moisture at different depths, applied to vine crops where drip irrigation is applied. The intention is to prepare a system for scaling, and to create a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that communicates by radio frequency with a base station (ET), so that the gathered data is stored locally and can be sent out an Internet gateway.

scholarly journals Low Cost Locating Method of Wireless Sensor Network in Precision Agriculture

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunjiang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Locating Error ◽  
Positioning Method

Abstract The wireless sensor network covers more scale with more sensor nodes for larger scale agriculture. The article describes improvement of DV-Hop Algorithm to locate the nodes with quadrilateral range positioning method, so that the difficulty of dilatation method in agriculture actual application to be solved. The analog test for the algorithm is conducted and is mainly developed for the average locating error with illustration and discussion on the proportion relations of average error, average connectivity and anchor nodes. According to the analog results, the algorithm obtains better effect on the average locating error, which improves the accuracy of the algorithm.

scholarly journals DOS Attacks on TCP/IP Layers in WSN

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2013) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Dos Attack ◽  
Dos Attacks

The emergence of sensor networks as one of the dominant technology trends in the coming decades has posed numerous unique challenges on their security to researchers. These networks are likely to be composed of thousands of tiny sensor nodes, which are low-cost devices equipped with limited memory, processing, radio, and in many cases, without access to renewable energy resources. While the set of challenges in sensor networks are diverse, we focus on security of Wireless Sensor Network in this paper. First, we propose some of the security goal for Wireless Sensor Network. To perform any task in WSN, the goal is to ensure the best possible utilization of sensor resources so that the network could be kept functional as long as possible. In contrast to this crucial objective of sensor network management, a Denial of Service (DoS) attack targets to degrade the efficient use of network resources and disrupts the essential services in the network. DoS attack could be considered as one of th

Wireless Sensor Network for Performance Monitoring of Electrical Machine

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Priyanka Ranaware ◽  
N.D. Dhoot
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Electrical Machine ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Monitoring And Control

<p class="Default">This paper proposes a novel industrial wireless sensor network for industrial machine condition monitoring. To avoid unexpected equipment failures and obtain higher accuracy in diagnostic and prognostic for the health condition of a motor, efficient and comprehensive data collecting, monitoring, and control play an important role to improve the system more reliable and effective. A novel wireless data collection for health monitoring system of electric machine based on wireless sensor network is proposed and developed in this paper. The unique characteristics of ZigBee networks such as low power, low cost, and high flexibility make them ideal for this application. The proposed system consists of wireless sensor nodes which are organized into a monitoring network by ZigBee protocols. A base station and wireless nodes have been developed to form a prototype system. Various sensors have the capability to monitor physiological as well as environmental conditions. Therefore proposed system provides a flexible solution that makes our living spaces more intelligent.</p>

Hardware Design of Low-Power ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network Node

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 2482-2485
Author(s):  
Si Zu Hou ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hardware Design ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Zigbee Technology ◽  
The Cost

ZigBee technology is widely used in wireless sensor networks with the advantages of low power, low cost, convenient networking, etc. Design of ZigBee-based wireless sensor network nodes have become a demand. The nodes are generally placed in some occasions where the power supply inconvenient and require battery-powered, so the low-power of the nodes is an important indicator. The node chose CC2530 as the hardware core and transplanted Z-Stack protocol stack. It collected different data through different sensors and used ZigBee technology for wireless communication. This article describes the process of node hardware design, and reduces the power consumption of the node with choosing low-power devices, reducing the operating frequency and other methods. Low-power node saves the cost and increases the life of the nodes and the network. So it is good for increasing the continuity and stability of the network.

scholarly journals A Protocol for The Effective Utilization of Energy in Wireless Sensor Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.3) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Anand ◽  
Akarsha RR
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Multiple Paths

Energy utilization is an important aspect in any Wireless Sensor Network .The data transmission from various components connected over real-time networks consumes more energy in Wireless Sensor Network. Mainly the task of any network engineer lies in performing an energy efficient, so to reserve the nonrenewable energy supply to sensor nodes. The research convey out effective utilization of energy in wireless sensor networks. It is important to comprise long-term and low-cost monitoring in different WSN application. The network algorithms separated mainly in two parts, first to generate multiple paths and second to switch paths from generated list of paths .Which is implemented as multi-hop-communication so that the battery life of the sensor node may live for long term and low cost of monitoring, which achieve the high lifetime of WSN. 

Performance Evaluation and Analysis of the Existing Data Aggregation Routing Schemes in Wireless Sensor Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 4034-4043
Author(s):  
Rani Poonam ◽  
Sharma Avinash
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
Routing Schemes ◽  
Wireless Data Transmission ◽  
Governing Factor ◽  
Selection Of

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging area in past few decades. Through the integration of low cost sensor nodes with Internet of Things (IoT), lots of applications are common now these days. Each application senses and transmits the fused data to the sink. This wireless data transmission is called routing and is the main governing factor for the span of the sensor network. This paper analyzes and presents different variety of routing techniques based on connectivity structure of the sensors. The type of application for which sensor nodes are used governs selection of a routing technique.

scholarly journals A Study on Localization in Wireless Sensor Network Using Neural Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
K. Madhumathi . ◽  
T. Suresh .
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Pros And Cons

Wireless Sensor Network consists of large number of autonomous, small, low cost sensor nodes that are spatially distributed in areas of investigation like disaster management, Military, environmental monitoring etc. The main purpose of using those nodes is to collect information from source and process it in destination. But the data received in the destination are useless unless the exact location of source is not known. The task of finding physical coordinates of these sensor nodes in WSNs area is known as localization. One solution for the above problem is manual configuration of sensor but it is unfeasible if the area of deployment is large or inaccessible. Therefore, we use localization techniques which help to capture the location of nodes in wireless sensor network. This study analyses localization algorithms with their pros and cons.

scholarly journals Design Portable Device for Irrigation System using ZigBee

2018 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdul Jabar Abdul Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensors

The smart irrigation systems considered as one of the most new significant technologies in this century to control the watering system and help the plants to grow. This research is focused on the design of an irrigation system based on one of the wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies which is ZigBee technology. The proposed design has an autonomous soil moisture monitoring system with wireless sensor network and ZigBee interfacing for transmitting data from slave to master side. In addition to that, the purpose of monitoring system suggested in this work is to measure and display the ratio of water soil in real-time. Soil moisture sensors have been used in this proposed design for measuring changes in soil volumetric water and changes ration of water found in the soil was evaluated under outdoor environment conditions for two averages of watered soil (40% and 70%). The real-time data of watered soil has been collected for two different value of watering (40 and 70%) and data collected vary based on location of the sensor in soil and how much soil dried in that point. It is found that the water ratio (70%) is better than (40%) from the experimental results.

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