scholarly journals The Fundamental Approach of the Digital Twin Application in Railway Turnouts with Innovative Monitoring of Weather Conditions

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 5757
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Kampczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Dybeł
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
The Status ◽  
Innovative Solution

Improving railway safety depends heavily on the reliability of railway turnouts. The realization of effective, reliable and continuous observations for the spatial analysis and evaluation of the technical condition of railway turnouts is one of the factors affecting safety in railway traffic. The mode and scope of monitoring changes in geometric parameters of railway turnouts with associated indicators needs improvement. The application of digital twins to railway turnouts requires the inclusion of fundamental data indicating their condition along with innovative monitoring of weather conditions. This paper presents an innovative solution for monitoring the status of temperature and other atmospheric conditions. A UbiBot WS1 WIFI wireless temperature logger was used, with an external DS18B20 temperature sensor integrated into an S49 (49E1)-type rail as Tszyn WS1 WIFI. Measurements were made between January and May (winter/spring) at fixed time intervals and at the same measurement point. The aim of the research is to present elements of a fundamental approach of applying digital twins to railway turnouts requiring the consideration and demonstration of rail temperature conditions as a component in the data acquisition of railway turnout condition data and other constituent atmospheric conditions through an innovative solution. The research showed that the presented innovative solution is an effective support for the application of digital twins to railway turnouts and ongoing surveying and diagnostic work of other elements of rail transport infrastructure. The applicability of the TgCWRII second temperature difference indicator in the monitoring of railway turnouts was also confirmed.

scholarly journals Preliminary identification and evaluation of parameters affecting the capacity of the operator-earthmoving machine system

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 053-060
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina ◽  
Anna Sobotka ◽  
Edyta Plebankiewicz ◽  
Krzysztof Zima
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operator Experience ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Machine System ◽  
Preliminary Identification ◽  
State Of Affairs

Without reliable data on the time of work of construction machines it is impossible to calculate the cost of the investment or the time limit for its implementation. Machine capacity is affected by many factors resulting from both the technical capabilities of a machine (e.g. the engine and bucket capacity) and work environment (e.g. soil loosening and weather conditions). Capacity is also influenced by factors affecting the operator (e.g. health condition, stress, fatigue). Therefore, it is appropriate to use the concept of the operator-machine system. The current system for the standards of machine working time collected in catalogues of capital expenditures is outdated (a lack of modern materials, technology and equipment currently used). It does not take into account all possible weather conditions, labour conditions and soil and water conditions. The result of this state of affairs may be overestimation or underestimation of an investment. On the basis of the conducted research it may be concluded that the greatest impact on the capacity of the operator-earthmoving machine system is exerted by parameters associated with the psychophysical condition of the operator (experience, fatigue, health and motivation of the operator) and the technical parameters of the machine (technical condition and theoretical technical capacity). Weather conditions, particularly air humidity, affect the performance to the smallest extent.

An approach to assessing the technical condition of elements and nodes of transport systems using neural network modeling methods and digital twin technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Belousov ◽  
O.V. Druzhinina ◽  
E.R. Korepanov ◽  
I.V. Makarenkova ◽  
V.V. Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Neural Network Modeling ◽  
Technical Diagnostics ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Digital Twins

The development of intelligent methods and the development of tools for solving research problems of modeling and diagnosing the state of technical systems are relevant areas related to the introduction of digital technologies. Such problems include the problems of preparing correct data arrays for diagnosing and predicting the state of elements and nodes of transport systems. The purpose of the paper is to develop methods for preparing and analyzing data for modeling digital twins on the example of studying the temperature regime of the functioning of a railway car's axle box node, as well as choosing the architecture of neural networks for solving problems of assessing the technical condition of the axle box nodes. The features of the digital twin technology are characterized and the directions of its use for modeling and diagnostics of railway transport systems are considered. As part of the development of an approach to solving the problem of diagnosing the condition of the axle box units of railway cars, analytical dependences and generalized heat transfer equations related to changes in temperature regimes are considered. Examples of the presentation of such data on temperature series, which contain values for deviations from the normal functioning of the elements of the axle box node, are given. The choice of the neural network architecture adapted for solving the problems of estimating and predicting the temperature values of the axle box unit of the car was made. Options for preparing test data for a neural network model have been developed. The results can be used in the problems of creating algorithmic and software for preparing correct arrays of input data for technical diagnostics, in the problems of synthesis and analysis of models of intelligent systems, in various machine learning problems. The considered approach to modeling is aimed at developing methods for assessing and predicting the state of transport infrastructure elements and can be used in the development of intelligent transport systems and for improving the technology of digital twins.

Efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch Plus Protocol for Improvement of Fertility in Postpartum Sahiwal Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lakher ◽  
M. K. Awasthi ◽  
J. R. Khan ◽  
M. R. Poyam
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group I ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sahiwal Cows ◽  
And Control

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol in postpartum (day 60) Sahiwal cows (n=18). Animals were randomly divided into three equal groups, viz., Ovsynch group Ovsynch plus group and Control group. Animals of group I (n = 6) were treated with traditional Ovsynch protocol. The animals (n = 6) of group II were treated with Ovsynch plus protocol which consisted of an initial intramuscular injection of eCG (Folligon) @ 250 IU on day 60 postpartum followed 3 days later by GPG (Ovsynch) protocol. In group-III Control, no treatment was given to animals (n = 6). Treated animals were inseminated at a fixed time between 14 and 20 hrs after second GnRH injection, irrespective of estrus detection. Blood samples were collected from each animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum to determine the status of cyclicity in animals based on serum concentrations of progesterone (P4). A third blood sample was collected on the day of prostaglandin treatment to determine the response of first GnRH injection. Four animals each were cyclic, and two were acyclic in both treatment groups. Four animals each responded to first GnRH treatment in both treatment groups. Similarly, two animals each got conceived giving conception rate of 50% (2/4) in each treatment. In the control group, one out of 6 animals got conceived yielding 16.66 % conception rate (1/6) during the study period. It may be thus concluded that Ovsynch and Ovsynch plus protocol may be used during the early postpartum period to improve the reproductive efficiency in postpartum Sahiwal cows.

scholarly journals Investigating the status of marital burnout and related factors in married women referred to health centers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahbobeh Nejatian ◽  
Ali Alami ◽  
Vahideh Momeniyan ◽  
Ali Delshad Noghabi ◽  
Alireza Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Status ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Emotional Burnout

Abstract Background Marital burnout is an important issue in marriage and many factors play an important role in this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to determine the status of marital burnout and the factors affecting married women who were referred to health centers because of it. Methods In this study, 936 women were selected by multistage sampling and data collection was performed using questionnaires of demographic and couple burnout. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24. Results The mean (± SD) of marital burnout, in this study, was 55.46 (± 18.03) (out of 147 score). There was a significant relationship between the level of women's education with total marital burnout, and the subscales of somatic and emotional burnout (P < 0.05). A significant relationship was also observed between mandatory marriage and total marital burnout, as well as subscales of somatic, emotional, and psychological burnout (P < 0.05). A significant relationship was detected and observed between women's participation in training courses of communication skills and total marital burnout, inclusive of the subscales regarding psychological burnout (P < 0.05). The results of linear regression showed a significant relationship between mandatory in marriage, marital satisfaction, marriage duration, and husband's level of education with women's marital burnout. The variables were finally able to predict 12% of marital burnout variance. It should be noted that marital satisfaction had a higher effect on predicting marital burnout (P < 0.001). Conclusions Marital satisfaction was one of the effective factors in predicting marital burnout, so it can be concluded that it is necessary to pay more attention to this issue. Educational programs and examining the factors that enhance marital satisfaction are needed to prevent and reduce marital burnout in married couples.

scholarly journals Influence of Meteorological Conditions and Aerosol Properties on the COVID-19 Contamination of the Population in Coastal and Continental Areas in France: Study of Offshore and Onshore Winds

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Jacques Piazzola ◽  
William Bruch ◽  
Christelle Desnues ◽  
Philippe Parent ◽  
Christophe Yohia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Sea Spray ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Virus Transport ◽  
Virus Propagation ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
The Social ◽  
Aerosol Properties

Human behaviors probably represent the most important causes of the SARS-Cov-2 virus propagation. However, the role of virus transport by aerosols—and therefore the influence of atmospheric conditions (temperature, humidity, type and concentration of aerosols)—on the spread of the epidemic remains an open and still debated question. This work aims to study whether or not the meteorological conditions related to the different aerosol properties in continental and coastal urbanized areas might influence the atmospheric transport of the SARS-Cov-2 virus. Our analysis focuses on the lockdown period to reduce the differences in the social behavior and highlight those of the weather conditions. As an example, we investigated the contamination cases during March 2020 in two specific French areas located in both continental and coastal areas with regard to the meteorological conditions and the corresponding aerosol properties, the optical depth (AOD) and the Angstrom exponent provided by the AERONET network. The results show that the analysis of aerosol ground-based data can be of interest to assess a virus survey. We found that moderate to strong onshore winds occurring in coastal regions and inducing humid environment and large sea-spray production episodes coincides with smaller COVID-19 contamination rates. We assume that the coagulation of SARS-Cov-2 viral particles with hygroscopic salty sea-spray aerosols might tend to inhibit its viral infectivity via possible reaction with NaCl, especially in high relative humidity environments typical of maritime sites.

The influence of weather conditions on mid-field ponds situated in a reclaimed area in Sępopolska Plain

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Cymes ◽  
Iwona Cymes ◽  
Ewa Dragańska ◽  
Sławomir Szymczyk
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Chlorine Ions ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The influence of weather conditions on mid-field ponds situated in a reclaimed area in Sępopolska PlainThe investigations were conducted in northeastern Poland near Lidzbark Warmiński (54° 08" N, 20° 36" E). Five mid-field ponds situated on grasslands were chosen: four of them were dredged and deepened, and one of them remained as a natural reservoir. The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of weather conditions on the quantity and quality of water in mid-field ponds situated in agricultural areas. It was found that the quantity of water in mid-field ponds was related much more to the air temperature, which was responsible for either water evaporation or snow melting, rather than to the amount of precipitation. The reduction in the volume of water stored in the ponds during very dry years had a negative influence on its quality. During the observation period, the dredged ponds were characterized by permanent water tables, whereas the natural reservoir dried out in very dry years. Atmospheric conditions influenced the concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and calcium and chlorine ions in the studied water bodies. The volume of water retained in mid-field ponds influenced the concentrations of phosphorus and sulphates. Increased precipitation sums caused lower water pH; however in warmer periods, at increased pH and COD

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Heterogeneity of PM2.5 Related to Meteorological and Socioeconomic Factors across China during 2000–2018

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 707
Author(s):  
Xiangxue Zhang ◽  
Changxiu Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Socioeconomic Factor ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Q Values

In recent years, air pollution caused by PM2.5 in China has become increasingly severe. This study applied a Bayesian space–time hierarchy model to reveal the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the PM2.5 concentrations in China. In addition, the relationship between meteorological and socioeconomic factors and their interaction with PM2.5 during 2000–2018 was investigated based on the GeoDetector model. Results suggested that the concentration of PM2.5 across China first increased and then decreased between 2000 and 2018. Geographically, the North China Plain and the Yangtze River Delta were high PM2.5 pollution areas, while Northeast and Southwest China are regarded as low-risk areas for PM2.5 pollution. Meanwhile, in Northern and Southern China, the population density was the most important socioeconomic factor affecting PM2.5 with q values of 0.62 and 0.66, respectively; the main meteorological factors affecting PM2.5 were air temperature and vapor pressure, with q values of 0.64 and 0.68, respectively. These results are conducive to our in-depth understanding of the status of PM2.5 pollution in China and provide an important reference for the future direction of PM2.5 pollution control.

scholarly journals Meteorology in field artillery ballistic calculations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2090 (1) ◽  
pp. 012149
Author(s):  
M Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Single Probe ◽  
Atmospheric Data

Abstract The most important meteorological data are:ambient temperature, precipitation quantity, air humidity, amount and type of clouds, atmospheric pressure, wind direction and speed, visibility, weather phenomena. These coefficients impact the effectiveness of various combat activities, especially those conducted in an open space. Knowledge of future weather conditions is essential for planning the location, calculating times, choice of means, and other aspects relevant to the upcoming operations. Taking weather conditions into account is vital, specifically when it comes to planning combat operations, where the accuracy in cooperation is of paramount importance. Rocket forces and artillery is a particular type of armed forces where weather conditions are critical. The effectiveness of artillery depends on ballistic calculation precision, and so knowledge of atmospheric conditions is fundamental. Atmospheric data are collected from sounding using a single probe attached to a balloon. It is generally known that particular meteorological parameters change in a smooth spatial manner depending on various coefficients. Information about the atmosphere collected by a single probe may be insufficient, due to the possibility of a balloon drifting away from the area of interest, and the calculations are based on data received from its probe. In this paper, I will suggest a method for preparing artillery use meteorologically, which takes into account the distribution of particular meteorological coefficients over a given area.

scholarly journals Influence of Man's Activities Level on the Toxicity of Soddy Podzolic Soil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
П.А. Котяк
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Soil Toxicity ◽  
General Toxicity ◽  
The Status ◽  
Medium Toxicity ◽  
Spring Rape

Представлены результаты исследования уровня общей токсичности и микробного токсикоза дерново-подзолистой глееватой почвы при антропогенной нагрузке. Изучение токсичности почвы особенно актуально в агроценозах, где человек в значительной мере регулирует условия произрастания растений. Использование показателей токсичности при оценке агротехнических приёмов позволяет усовершенствовать существующие технологии, чтобы избежать нежелательных сопутствующих эффектов при агрогенном воздействии на агроэкосистемы. Сравнительный анализ полученных результатов показал, что почва опытного участка в начале вегетации имела класс средней и низкой токсичности (индекс токсичности фактора (ИТФ) от 0,63 до 0,82), а в конце вегетации – класс высокой и средней токсичности (ИТФ от 0,35 до 0,55). Оценка микробиологической токсичности почвы исследуемых вариантов опыта по всхожести семян тест-культуры показала в основном средний уровень микробного токсикоза: 69,75% – на индуцированных образцах, 60,97% – на контрольных образцах. Урожайность зелёной массы ярового рапса находилась на невысоком уровне, что могло быть связано с неблагоприятными погодными условиями вегетационного периода и варьировала в пределах от 76 до 218 ц/га. Проведённые исследования по установлению влияния антропогенной нагрузки на токсический статус дерново-подзолистой почвы в условиях Ярославской области показали, что лучшими характеристиками обладают варианты: система отвальной обработки почвы, фон «Органо-минеральный субстрат + NPK» как с внесением гербицида, так и без его применения при возделывании ярового рапса. В этих условиях снижается общая токсичность почвы, статус микробного токсикоза не меняется, что позволяет сохранять почвенное плодородие, иметь оптимальное фитосанитарное состояние и получать качественный урожай выращиваемых культур. The results of the research of general toxicity level and microbial toxicosis of soddy podzolic gleyic soil at man-caused load are presented. The study of soil toxicity is especially important in agrocenoses, where a person largely regulates the conditions of plant growth. The use of toxicity indicators in assessing agricultural practices allows improving existing technologies in order to avoid undesirable concomitant effects during agrogenic effects on agroecosystems. A comparative analysis of the obtained results showed that the soil of the test area at the beginning of the growing season had a medium and low toxicity class (factor toxicity index (FTI) from 0.63 to 0.82) and at the end of the growing season it had a high and medium toxicity class (FTI from 0.35 to 0.55). Assessment of the microbiological toxicity of the soil of test variants under investigation by seed germination of the test-crop showed mainly the average level of microbial toxicosis: 69.75% on the induced samples, 60.97% on the control samples. The yield of green mass of spring rape was at a low level, which could be associated with unfavorable weather conditions of the growing season and varied from 76 to 218 hkg / ha. Researches conducted to establish influence of man's activities on the toxic status of soddy podzolic soil in the conditions of the Yaroslavl region showed that the best characteristics are options: a system of moldboard tillage, background "Organic-mineral substrate + NPK" both with the herbicide application and without its use in the cultivation of spring rape. Under these conditions the general toxicity of the soil decreases, the status of microbial toxicosis does not change which allows maintaining soil fertility, having an optimal phytosanitary condition and obtaining a quality yield of crops grown.

scholarly journals Datum ranking and analysis of factors affecting tire wear

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
El’dar Kamil’evich ABDULAEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Management ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Tire Production ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Performance

Relevance of the work. The operational efficiency and technical condition of mining vehicles to a large extent depend on the service life and performance characteristics of tires. The most important technological process that determines the effectiveness of field development is the transportation of rock mass. The share of motor transport costs in the total cost and production by open method at Russian mining enterprises is significant, and reaches 70% as the depth of open pits (cuts) increases. At the same time, the actual productivity of mining trucks is much lower than their technical and technological capabilities, and this difference is up to 2.5 times or more for various brands of vehicles, including imported ones. Today, both consumers and manufacturers of large tires are interested in the most efficient tire production management. Purpose of the work: consideration of the main factors affecting tyre life, as well as datum ranking of these factors to determine the degree of significance of each factor. Methodology of research. The systematic approach was used including datum ranking method, some analytical, computational methods and generalization. Results. The ranking was carried out by three independent groups of experts on a number of proposed factors. The main factors in each group were identified and the degree of agreement between the opinions of the interviewed specialists was evaluated. The general opinion of various expert groups on the significance and ranking of factors affecting the integrity of giant tires is confirmed. Conclusions. Datum ranking and analysis of factors affecting the wear of giant tires of mining dump trucks significantly affect the optimization of machine operation and, with appropriate adjustments, can give a positive economic effect.

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