scholarly journals Review of Wearable Devices and Data Collection Considerations for Connected Health

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5589
Author(s):  
Vini Vijayan ◽  
James Connolly ◽  
Joan Condell ◽  
Nigel McKelvey ◽  
Philip Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ability ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Patient Recall ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Health

Wearable sensor technology has gradually extended its usability into a wide range of well-known applications. Wearable sensors can typically assess and quantify the wearer’s physiology and are commonly employed for human activity detection and quantified self-assessment. Wearable sensors are increasingly utilised to monitor patient health, rapidly assist with disease diagnosis, and help predict and often improve patient outcomes. Clinicians use various self-report questionnaires and well-known tests to report patient symptoms and assess their functional ability. These assessments are time consuming and costly and depend on subjective patient recall. Moreover, measurements may not accurately demonstrate the patient’s functional ability whilst at home. Wearable sensors can be used to detect and quantify specific movements in different applications. The volume of data collected by wearable sensors during long-term assessment of ambulatory movement can become immense in tuple size. This paper discusses current techniques used to track and record various human body movements, as well as techniques used to measure activity and sleep from long-term data collected by wearable technology devices.

scholarly journals Analysis of Risk Factor Domains in Psychosis Patient Health Records

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eben Holderness ◽  
Nicholas Miller ◽  
Philip Cawkwell ◽  
Kirsten Bolton ◽  
James Pustejovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Topic Extraction ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Psychiatric Readmission ◽  
Data Pipeline ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Document Vector ◽  
Extraction Model

AbstractReadmission after discharge from a hospital is disruptive and costly, regardless of the reason. However, it can be particularly problematic for psychiatric patients, so predicting which patients may be readmitted is critically important but also very difficult. Clinical narratives in psychiatric electronic health records (EHRs) span a wide range of topics and vocabulary; therefore, a psychiatric readmission prediction model must begin with a robust and interpretable topic extraction component. We created a data pipeline for using document vector similarity metrics to perform topic extraction on psychiatric EHR data in service of our long-term goal of creating a readmission risk classifier. We show initial results for our topic extraction model and identify additional features we will be incorporating in the future.

Study workplace space occupancy: a review of measures and technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoyi Zhou ◽  
Ying Hua ◽  
Jingyang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Actual Space ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Building Occupancy

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the use of technologies for measuring space occupancy to guide the selection of appropriate tools for workplace post-occupancy evaluation (POE) studies. The authors focus on how actual space occupancy was measured in previous studies and the pros and cons of the different technologies and tools. This paper also addresses research gaps and directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach The space occupancy measures/tools are categorized based on the three types of technologies: environmental/ambient sensors, wearable sensors/smartphones and computer vision. A total of 50 studies are reviewed to identify the capabilities and limitations of these measurements. Findings Based on review results, the authors propose that although sensor technology can be a useful addition to the measures/tools list, a comprehensive review of the research goal, the occupants' behavior, and the environmental settings' characteristics should be conducted beforehand. Selecting appropriate technology is critical for collecting the proper behavioral data type, with a lower level of surveillance and increased validity. Originality/value This paper urges critical thinking about existing occupancy measures/tools across various fields, to inform the adoption and creation of new building occupancy measures. The knowledge of emerging sensor technology allows researchers to better study the temporal patterns of occupant behavior over extended periods and in a wide range of settings.

scholarly journals Screening for mood disorders after stroke: a systematic review of psychometric properties and clinical utility

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-J. Burton ◽  
S. Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Health

BackgroundRoutine mood screening is recommended after stroke. However, clinicians report difficulty selecting appropriate tools from the wide range available. We aimed to systematically review the psychometric properties and clinical utility of mood screening tools for stroke survivors.MethodElectronic databases (AMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, Medline and PsycINFO) were searched to identify studies assessing the sensitivity and specificity of mood screening tools. Tools that demonstrated at least 80% sensitivity and 60% specificity with stroke survivors with identifiable cut-off scores indicating major and/or any mood disorder in at least one study were selected and clinical utility was assessed. Those with high clinical utility (against predefined criteria) were selected for recommendation.ResultsThirty papers examining 27 screening tools were identified and 16 tools met the psychometric and clinical utility criteria: 10 were verbal self-report tools, four were observational and two incorporated visual prompts for those with communication problems. Only the Stroke Aphasic Depression Questionnaire –Hospital version (SADQ-H) met all the psychometric and utility criteria. The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) can detect major depression and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) can identify milder symptoms; both are feasible to use in clinical practice. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was the only tool able to identify anxiety accurately, but clinical utility was mixed.ConclusionsValid and clinically feasible mood screening tools for stroke have been identified but methodological inconsistency prevented recommendations about the optimal cut-off scores.

scholarly journals Where We Come from and Where We Are Going: A Systematic Review of Human Factors Research in Driving Automation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8914
Author(s):  
Anna-Katharina Frison ◽  
Yannick Forster ◽  
Philipp Wintersberger ◽  
Viktoria Geisel ◽  
Andreas Riener
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Structured Approach ◽  
Human Factors Research

During the last decade, research has brought forth a large amount of studies that investigated driving automation from a human factor perspective. Due to the multitude of possibilities for the study design with regard to the investigated constructs, data collection methods, and evaluated parameters, at present, the pool of findings is heterogeneous and nontransparent. This literature review applied a structured approach, where five reviewers investigated n = 161 scientific papers of relevant journals and conferences focusing on driving automation between 2010 and 2018. The aim was to present an overview of the status quo of existing methodological approaches and investigated constructs to help scientists in conducting research with established methods and advanced study setups. Results show that most studies focused on safety aspects, followed by trust and acceptance, which were mainly collected through self-report measures. Driving/Take-Over performance also marked a significant portion of the published papers; however, a wide range of different parameters were investigated by researchers. Based on our insights, we propose a set of recommendations for future studies. Amongst others, this includes validation of existing results on real roads, studying long-term effects on trust and acceptance (and of course other constructs), or triangulation of self-reported and behavioral data. We furthermore emphasize the need to establish a standardized set of parameters for recurring use cases to increase comparability. To assure a holistic contemplation of automated driving, we moreover encourage researchers to investigate other constructs that go beyond safety.

scholarly journals The EmojiGrid as a rating tool for the affective appraisal of touch

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Toet ◽  
Jan B.F. van Erp
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Affective Response ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Social Touch ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Study Participants

In this study we evaluate the convergent validity of a new graphical self-report tool (the EmojiGrid) for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events. The EmojiGrid is a square grid labeled with facial icons (emoji) showing different levels of valence and arousal. The EmojiGrid is language independent and efficient (a single click suffices to report both valence and arousal), making it a practical instrument for studies on affective appraisal. We previously showed that participants can intuitively and reliably report their affective appraisal (valence and arousal) of visual, auditory and olfactory stimuli using the EmojiGrid, even without additional (verbal) instructions. However, because touch events can be bidirectional and dynamic, these previous results cannot be generalized to the touch domain. In this study, participants reported their affective appraisal of video clips showing different interpersonal (social) and object-based touch events, using either the validated 9-point SAM (Self-Assessment Mannikin) scale or the EmojiGrid. The valence ratings obtained with the EmojiGrid and the SAM are in excellent agreement. The arousal ratings show good agreement for object-based touch and moderate agreement for social touch. For social touch and at more extreme levels of valence, the EmojiGrid appears more sensitive to arousal than the SAM. We conclude that the EmojiGrid can also serve as a valid and efficient graphical self-report instrument to measure human affective response to a wide range of (possibly mediated) tactile signals.

Adult Sequelae of Child Sexual Abuse

1991 ◽  
Vol 158 (S10) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Sheldrick
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The Subject

At present there is no consensus of opinion about the short-term or long-term effects of child sexual abuse, although there is a growing body of literature on the subject. Definitions of what constitutes child sexual abuse vary enormously and, even where agreed, include a wide range of behaviours. Most clinical reports are retrospective in nature and based on self-report. Many authors agree that effects can be classified into four general areas, however, emotional/psychological; sexual adjustment; interpersonal relationships; and social functioning. There are considerable implications for treatment of those who have been abused and for the protection of their children.

scholarly journals The UK Women's Cohort Study: comparison of vegetarians, fish-eaters and meat-eaters

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Cade ◽  
VJ Burley ◽  
DC Greenwood ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Postal Questionnaire ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oily Fish ◽  
The Uk

AbstractBackground:This paper describes the development of the UK Women's Cohort Study and presents cohort baseline characteristics.Methods:In total, 35 372 women, aged 35–69 years at recruitment, were selected to ensure a wide range of dietary intakes. Diet was assessed by a 217-item food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Detailed lifestyle information was collected by postal questionnaire. Vegetarians, fish-eaters and meat-eaters were compared.Results:The cohort women are mainly white, well-educated, middle-class and married with children. They are health-conscious with only 11% current smokers and 58% taking dietary supplements. Twenty-eight per cent of subjects self-report as being vegetarian and 1% as vegan. However, only 18% are defined as 'vegetarian' from the FFQ. Fat provides 32% of energy; vitamin and mineral intakes are high, with a broad range of intakes. Meat-eaters are older, with a higher body mass index (BMI) and the lowest intakes of carbohydrate, fibre, vitamin C, folate, iron and calcium. Other fish-eaters are similar to vegetarians. Vegetarians have the lowest intakes of protein, fat and saturated fat. Oily fish-eaters have the lowest BMI; are the least likely to smoke or use full-fat milk; and are the most likely to use dietary supplements and consume the most fruit and vegetables. Oily fish-eaters have the highest total energy intake and vegetarians the lowest. Semi-skimmed milk, bread, potatoes, wine, bananas and muesli are important contributors to energy for all groups.Conclusion:A large cohort of middle-aged women has been created encompassing a wide range of different eating patterns, including diets currently of interest to research into protection against cancer and coronary heart disease. Participants will be followed up to study the effects of different food and nutrient intakes on long-term health outcomes.

scholarly journals The Development of a Sub-Surface Monitoring System for Organic Contamination in Soils and Groundwater

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1101-1107
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Huntley ◽  
Lawrence J. Ritchie ◽  
Steven J. Setford ◽  
Selwayan Saini
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Organic Contamination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Term Monitoring

A major problem when dealing with environmental contamination is the early detection and subsequent surveillance of the contamination. This paper describes the potential of sub-surface sensor technology for the early detection of organic contaminants in contaminated soils, sediments, and landfill sites. Rugged, low-power hydrocarbon sensors have been developed, along with a data-logging system, for the early detection of phase hydrocarbons in soil. Through laboratory-based evaluation, the ability of this system to monitor organic contamination in water-based systems is being evaluated. When used in conjunction with specific immunoassays, this can provide a sensitive and low-cost solution for long-term monitoring and analysis, applicable to a wide range of field applications.

scholarly journals Comparing Optimization Criteria in Antibiotic Allocation Protocols

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair D Jamieson-Lane ◽  
Alexander Friedrich ◽  
Bernd Blasius
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Methods ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Optimization Criteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance ◽  
Modelling Assumptions

Clinicians prescribing antibiotics in a hospital context follow one of several possible "treatment protocols" - heuristic rules designed to balance the immediate needs of patients against the long term threat posed by the evolution of antibiotic resistance and multi-resistant bacteria. Several criteria have been proposed for assessing these protocols, unfortunately these criteria frequently conflict with one another, each providing a different recommendation as to which treatment protocol is best. Here we review and compare these optimization criteria. We are able to demonstrate that criteria focused primarily on slowing evolution of resistance are directly antagonistic to patient health both in the short and long term. We provide a new optimization criteria of our own, intended to more meaningfully balance the needs of the future and present. Asymptotic methods allow us to evaluate this criteria and provide insights not readily available through the numerical methods used previously in the literature. When cycling antibiotics, we find an antibiotic switching time which proves close to optimal across a wide range of modelling assumptions.

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