scholarly journals Feasibility Study of a Time-of-Flight Brain Positron Emission Tomography Employing Individual Channel Readout Electronics

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5566
Author(s):  
Kuntai Park ◽  
Jiwoong Jung ◽  
Yong Choi ◽  
Hyuntae Leem ◽  
Yeonkyeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Scanning Time ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Detector Block ◽  
Brain Positron Emission Tomography

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a time-of-flight (TOF) brain positron emission tomography (PET) providing high-quality images. It consisted of 30 detector blocks arranged in a ring with a diameter of 257 mm and an axial field of view of 52.2 mm. Each detector block was composed of two detector modules and two application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips. The detector module was composed of an 8 × 8 array of 3 × 3 mm2 multi-pixel photon counters and an 8 × 8 array of 3.11 × 3.11 × 15 mm3 lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillators. The 64-channel individual readout ASIC was used to acquire the position, energy, and time information of a detected gamma ray. A coincidence timing resolution of 187 ps full width at half maximum (FWHM) was achieved using a pair of channels of two detector modules. The energy resolution and spatial resolution were 6.6 ± 0.6% FWHM (without energy nonlinearity correction) and 2.5 mm FWHM, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that the developed TOF brain PET could provide excellent performance, allowing for a reduction in radiation dose or scanning time for brain imaging due to improved sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio.

scholarly journals Quantification of PET infusion studies without true equilibrium: A tissue clearance correction

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-874
Author(s):  
Ansel T Hillmer ◽  
Richard E Carson
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Distribution Volume ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Scanning Time ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Study Population ◽  
True Equilibrium

In some positron emission tomography (PET) studies, a reversibly binding radioligand is administered as a constant infusion to establish true equilibrium for quantification. This approach reduces scanning time and simplifies data analysis, but assumes similar behavior of the radioligand in plasma across the study population to establish true equilibrium in all subjects. Bias in outcome measurements can result if this assumption is not met. This work developed and validated a correction that reduces bias in total distribution volume ( VT) estimates when true equilibrium is not present. This correction, termed tissue clearance correction (TCC), took the form [Formula: see text], where β is the radioligand clearance rate in tissue, γ is a radiotracer-specific constant, and VT(A) is the apparent VT. Simulations characterized the robustness of TCC across imperfect values of γ and β and demonstrated reduction to false positive rates. This approach was validated with human infusion data for three radiotracers: [18F]FPEB, (−)-[18F]flubatine, and [11C]UCB-J. TCC reduced bias in VT estimates for all radiotracers and significantly reduced intersubject variance in VT for [18F]FPEB data in some brain regions. Thus, TCC improves quantification of data acquired from PET infusion studies.

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