scholarly journals Fast Sensing of Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) Vapors Using a Hand-Held Ion Mobility Spectrometer with Nonradioactive Ionization Source

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5045
Author(s):  
Victor Bocos-Bintintan ◽  
Ileana Andreea Ratiu
Keyword(s):  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Toxic Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Negative Ion Mode

Sensitive real-time detection of vapors produced by toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) always represents a stringent priority. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is definitely a TIC, being widely used in various industries and as an insecticide; it is a reactive, very flammable, and highly toxic compound that affects the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, eyes, nose, throat, and also has systemic effects. Moreover, HCN is considered a blood chemical warfare agent. This study was focused toward quick detection and quantification of HCN in air using time-of-flight ion mobility spectrometry (ToF IMS). Results obtained clearly indicate that IMS can rapidly detect HCN at sub-ppmv levels in air. Ion mobility spectrometric response was obtained in the negative ion mode and presented one single distinct product ion, at reduced ion mobility K0 of 2.38 cm2 V−1 s−1. Our study demonstrated that by using a miniaturized commercial IMS system with nonradioactive ionization source model LCD-3.2E (Smiths Detection Ltd., London, UK), one can easily measure HCN at concentrations of 0.1 ppmv (0.11 mg m−3) in negative ion mode, which is far below the OSHA PEL-TWA value of 10 ppmv. Measurement range was from 0.1 to 10 ppmv and the estimated limit of detection LoD was ca. 20 ppbv (0.02 mg m−3).

scholarly journals Hunting for Toxic Industrial Chemicals: Real-Time Detection of Carbon Disulfide Traces by Means of Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Toxics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Victor Bocos-Bintintan ◽  
Ileana Andreea Ratiu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Carbon Disulfide ◽  
Ion Mobility Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Toxic Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Real Time Detection ◽  
Negative Ion Mode

Sensitive real-time detection of vapors produced by toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) represents a stringent priority nowadays. Carbon disulfide (CS2) is such a chemical, being widely used in manufacturing synthetic textile fibers and as a solvent. CS2 is simultaneously a very reactive, highly flammable, irritant, corrosive, and highly toxic compound, affecting the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, eyes, kidneys, liver, skin, and reproductive system. This study was directed towards quick detection and quantification of CS2 in air, using time-of-flight ion mobility spectrometry (IMS); photoionization detection (PID) was also used as confirmatory technique. Results obtained indicated that IMS can detect CS2 at trace levels in air. The ion mobility spectrometric response was in the negative ion mode and presented one product ion, at a reduced ion mobility (K0) of 2.25 cm2 V−1 s−1. Our study demonstrated that by using a portable, commercial IMS system (model Mini IMS, I.U.T. GmbH Berlin Germany) one can easily measure CS2 at concentrations of 0.1 ppmv (0.3 mg m−3) in the negative ion mode, which is below the lowest threshold value of 1 ppmv given for industrial hygiene. A limit of detection (LOD) of ca. 30 ppbv (0.1 mg m−3) was also estimated.

Unexpected cytosine–AuCl4− interaction under electrospray ionization mass spectrometry conditions—Formation of cytosine–Au(I) complexes

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Magdalena Frańska ◽  
Emilia Konował
Keyword(s):  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Full Scan ◽  
Negative Ion Mode ◽  
Product Ion Spectra

The interaction of cytosine with AuCl4−, under electrospray ionization mass spectrometric conditions, is discussed. On the basis of respective full scan mass spectra and product ion spectra, obtained in positive and negative ion mode, it has been deduced that cytosine is very prone to form Au(I)-containing complexes. The complexes may be formed in the gas phase by decomposition of Au(III)-containing complexes and also in the electrospray ionization source as a result of the occurrence of redox process. It has also been found that the interaction of cytosine with Au+ is stronger than that with Cu+ or Ag+, although taking into account the electrostatic attraction, it is not expected.

scholarly journals Sensing Precursors of Illegal Drugs—Rapid Detection of Acetic Anhydride Vapors at Trace Levels Using Photoionization Detection and Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1852
Author(s):  
Victor Bocos-Bintintan ◽  
George-Bogdan Ghira ◽  
Mircea Anton ◽  
Aurel-Vasile Martiniuc ◽  
Ileana-Andreea Ratiu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Ion Mobility Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Product Ions ◽  
Ultra Trace ◽  
Negative Ion Mode

Sensitive real-time detection of vapors produced by the precursors, reagents and solvents used in the illegal drugs manufacture represents a priority nowadays. Acetic anhydride (AA) is the key chemical used as acetylation agent in producing the illegal drugs heroin and methaqualone. This study was directed towards quick detection and quantification of AA in air, using two fast and very sensitive analytical techniques: photoionization detection (PID) and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Results obtained indicated that both PID and IMS can sense AA at ultra-trace levels in air, but while PID produces a non-selective response, IMS offers richer information. Ion mobility spectrometric response in the positive ion mode presented one product ion, at reduced ion mobility K0 of 1.89 cm2 V−1 s−1 (almost overlapped with positive reactant ion peak), while in the negative ion mode two well separated product ions, with K0 of 1.90 and 1.71 cm2 V−1 s−1, were noticed. Our study showed that by using a portable, commercial IMS system (model Mini IMS, I.U.T. GmbH Berlin) AA can be easily measured at concentrations of 0.05 ppmv (0.2 mg m−3) in negative ion mode. Best selectivity and sensitivity of the IMS response were therefore achieved in the negative operation mode.

scholarly journals MALDI-ion mobility mass spectrometry of lipids in negative ion mode

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 5001-5007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley N. Jackson ◽  
Damon Barbacci ◽  
Thomas Egan ◽  
Ernest K. Lewis ◽  
J. Albert Schultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Maldi Imaging ◽  
Mobility Separation ◽  
Ion Mobility Separation ◽  
Negative Ion Mode

Ion mobility separation of two lipids prior to MALDI imaging.

Characterization of Tear Gas Residues by Ion Mobility Spectrometry

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1880-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Allinson ◽  
Cameron W. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Ion Mobility Spectrometer ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Acquisition Mode ◽  
Tear Gas ◽  
Negative Ion Mode

In this study a hand-held ion mobility spectrometer was used to characterize the vapors produced by α-chloroacetophenone (CN) and 2-chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS), their isomers, and then-degradation products at ambient temperature and 50 °C, and in both the positive- and negative-ion acquisition modes. Minimum determinable residues were as follows: in the negative-ion acquisition mode at ambient temperature, CN 0.5 μg, CS 10 mg; at 50 °C, CN 0.5 μg, CS 16 μg; and in the positive-ion acquisition mode at ambient temperature, CN 0.5 μg, CS not detected; at 50 °C, CN 0.1 μg, CS not detected. The steady-state reproducibility was found to be independent of ion acquisition mode but dependent on signal intensity and background noise [relative standard deviation (RSD) 3–17%]—the smaller the signal, the greater the variation. The day-to-day variation in positive- and negative-mode signal intensities showed the same trends (RSD 3–33%). By comparing positive- and negative-ion mode spectra, it was possible to differentiate not only between CN and CS but also between their isomers and breakdown products.

scholarly journals Quantification of Niacin and Its Metabolite Nicotinuric Acid in Human Plasma by LC-MS/MS: Application to a Clinical Trial of a Fixed Dose Combination Tablet of Niacin Extended-Release/Simvastatin (500 mg/10 mg) in Healthy Chinese Volunteers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingping Zhang ◽  
Yantong Sun ◽  
Guobing Shi ◽  
Yin Sui ◽  
Qiuying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Extended Release ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Combination Tablet ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Negative Ion Mode

Our paper aimed to develop rapid, sensitive, and specific LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of niacin (NA) and its metabolite nicotinuric acid (NUA) in human plasma. Following protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the NA, NUA, and internal standard (5-fluorouracil) were separated on a Zorbax 300SB-C8column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-2 mM ammonium acetate (3 : 97, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min (split 1 : 1). A tandem mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source was used as the detector and operated in negative ion mode. The linear concentration ranges of the calibration curves were 5–800 ng/mL for NA and NUA. The intra-assay RSD for quality control (QC) samples were from 5.0% to 8.7% for NA, and 5.5% to 7.6% for NUA. The interassay RSD for QC samples were from 2.8% to 9.4% for NA, and 3.7% to 5.8% for NUA. The relative errors for QC samples were from −2.2% to 2.3% for NA, and −0.6% to 3.2% for NUA. The method was successfully applied to the investigation of the pharmacokinetic profiles of NA, NUA in human after single dose administration of Niacin extended-release/Simvastatin tablet (500 mg/10 mg).

scholarly journals Development and Validation of UPLC-MS / MS Method for Obtaining Favipiravir Tablet Dosage form and Evaluation of its Behavior Under forced Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Süleyman Gökce ◽  
Ayşen Höl ◽  
Ibrahim Bulduk
Keyword(s):  
Active Substance ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Negative Ion Mode

Aims: Favipiravir (FVP) is a drug developed against RNA viruses. It is a drug that is used actively in the treatment of coronavirus. In vitro and in vivo investigations have shown that it inhibits the virus. In this study, a recovery study of tablet formulations was carried out by developing a UPLC-MS/MS method, which is used extensively in pandemic conditions. In addition, stability studies of favipiravir agent under forced conditions were conducted. The validated method is selective, robust, simple and applicable for tablet analysis. C18 (4.6 mm × 50 mm, 2.7 μm) column was used as the stationary phase and water-methanol (80-20 v/v) containing 0.1% formic acid was used as the mobile phase. UPLC optimization; It was conducted at a wavelength of 222 nm and a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min at 40 °C, retention time was 1.155 min. The electrospray jet stream ionization source was analyzed using mass spectrometry in negative ion mode. The molecular peak for Favipiravir was [M-1] 155.9, and the daughter ion determined 112.6. The stability test method was carried out in accordance with the ICH procedure. Reaction and degradation rates of the active substance under various forced conditions (acidic, basic, oxidative, UV light and thermal conditions) were investigated. The products formed by the decomposition of the active substance under stress conditions were determined by mass spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Characteristics of Field Asymmetric Ion Mobility Spectrometer with Laser Ionization for Detection of Explosives in Vapor Phase

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Vitalii A. Kostarev ◽  
Gennadii E. Kotkovskii ◽  
Alexander A. Chistyakov ◽  
Artem E. Akmalov
Keyword(s):  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Laser Ionization ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine ◽  
Detection Of Explosives

Ion mobility spectrometry instrumentation today is widespread in the area of transport security and counterterrorism. This method of detection of explosive substances is highly appreciated for the existence of portable detectors capable of detecting concentrations of 10−13–10−14 g/cm3 at atmospheric pressure using traditional ionization methods including corona discharge and beta radiation. However, low vapor pressure of some explosives imposes requirements on limit of detection (LOD) down to 10–15‒10−16 g/cm3. In this paper we compare a radioactive 63Ni ionization source with a laser ionization source and reveal the parameters of laser ionization of a group of explosives, namely trinitrotoluene (TNT), cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), which can reduce the limit of detection of portable devices. A laser ionization source can provide a higher signal to noise ratio than radioactive 63Ni at optimal intensity of laser radiation for PETN and HMX of 3 × 107 W/cm2 and 2.5 × 107 W/cm2, respectively. Limits of detection were estimated: 3 × 10−15 g/cm3 for RDX, 8 × 10−15 g/cm3 for PETN and less than 3 × 10−15 g/cm3 for HMX. These results are promising to further improve the capabilities of detectors of low volatility explosives without sacrificing portability, light weight and reasonable cost of the laser source.

Collision cross section calibrants for negative ion mode traveling wave ion mobility-mass spectrometry

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (20) ◽  
pp. 6853-6861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay G. Forsythe ◽  
Anton S. Petrov ◽  
Chelsea A. Walker ◽  
Samuel J. Allen ◽  
Jarrod S. Pellissier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Collision Cross Section ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Negative Mode ◽  
Negative Ion Mode ◽  
Traveling Wave Ion Mobility

Introduction of a novel negative mode calibrant and evaluation of calibration strategies for TWIM CCS determination.

scholarly journals Non-Target Detection of Diversity of Volatile Chlorine Compounds in Frying Oil and Study on the Influencing Factors of Their Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxiong Liu ◽  
Jiaxin Wen ◽  
Zhuoya Luo
Keyword(s):  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Negative Ion ◽  
Deep Frying ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Headspace Gas ◽  
Negative Ion Mode ◽  
Work First

AbstractHeadspace-gas-chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) proved the diversity of volatile chlorinated compounds (VCCs) in frying oil in this work. First, the VCCs were obtained by headspace by heating the frying oil at 80 °C for 30 min. Then, those compounds were separated by GC capillary column in the first dimension and by IMS in the second dimension, respectively. And at last, those compounds were detected in negative ion mode for non-targeting. The study results indicated that VCCs' formation depends on the contents of NaCl and water, heating temperature and time, and the types of oil. The refining process does not affect the detection of VCCs, indicating the durability of such targets as indicators for assessing deep-frying oil. Using HS-GC-IMS, the VCCs were detected to evaluate 16 authentic refined deep-frying oils from the market with an accuracy of 100%.

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