scholarly journals Solid-Contact Electrode with Composite PVC-Based 3D-Printed Membrane. Optimization of Fabrication and Performance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4909
Author(s):  
Bartosz Bartoszewicz ◽  
Andrzej Lewenstam ◽  
Jan Migdalski
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Characterization ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Electrode Design ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pvc Membranes ◽  
Contact Electrode

Intense interest in reference electrode design and fabrication has recently been enriched with the application of 3D printing of electrodes with salt-loaded PVC membranes. This type of material is attractive in sensor technology and is challenging to implement in 3D. In this report, several improvements and simplifications in the technology were focused on and supported by a fundamental electrochemical characterization.

3D Printable Resources for Engaging STEM Students in Laboratory Learning Activities and Outreach Programs: Inexpensive and User-Friendly Instrument Kits for Educators

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (49) ◽  
pp. 2937-2942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lon A. Porter
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Stem Students ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Design Software ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
User Friendly

ABSTRACTContinued advances in digital design software and 3D printing methods enable innovative approaches in the development of new educational tools for laboratory-based STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) learning. The decreasing cost of 3D printing equipment and greater access provided by university fabrication centers afford unique opportunities for educators to transcend the limitations of conventional modes of student engagement with analytical instrumentation. This work shares successful efforts at Wabash College to integrate user-friendly and inexpensive 3D printed instruments kits into introductory STEM coursework. The laboratory kits and activities described provide new tools for engaging students in the exploration of instrument design and performance. These experiences provide effective ways to assist active-learners in discovering the technology and fundamental principles of analysis and deliberately confront the “black box” perception of instrumentation.

scholarly journals Design and characterization of a 3D-printed staggered herringbone mixer

BioTechniques ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedika J Shenoy ◽  
Chelsea ER Edwards ◽  
Matthew E Helgeson ◽  
Megan T Valentine
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Device Design ◽  
Replica Molding ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
To Receive

3D printing holds potential as a faster, cheaper alternative compared with traditional photolithography for the fabrication of microfluidic devices by replica molding. However, the influence of printing resolution and quality on device design and performance has yet to receive detailed study. Here, we investigate the use of 3D-printed molds to create staggered herringbone mixers (SHMs) with feature sizes ranging from ∼100 to 500 μm. We provide guidelines for printer calibration to ensure accurate printing at these length scales and quantify the impacts of print variability on SHM performance. We show that SHMs produced by 3D printing generate well-mixed output streams across devices with variable heights and defects, demonstrating that 3D printing is suitable and advantageous for low-cost, high-throughput SHM manufacturing.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing, Modeling and Performance Evaluation of 3D Printed Fins for Surfboards

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (16) ◽  
pp. 913-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reece D. Gately ◽  
Stephen Beirne ◽  
Geoff Latimer ◽  
Matthew Shirlaw ◽  
Buyung Kosasih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Fibre Glass ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Aided Design

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate that Additive Manufacturing (3D printing) is a viable approach to rapidly prototype personalised fins for surfboards. Surfing is an iconic sport that is extremely popular in coastal regions around the world. We use computer aided design and 3D printing of a wide range of composite materials to print fins for surfboards, e.g. ABS, carbon fibre, fibre glass and amorphous thermoplastic poly(etherimide) resins. The mechanical characteristics of our 3D printed fins were found to be comparable to commercial fins. Computational fluid dynamics was employed to calculate longitudinal (drag) and tangential (turning) forces, which are important for surfboard maneuverability, stability and speed. A commercial tracking system was used to evaluate the performance of 3D printed fins under real-world conditions (i.e. surfing waves). These data showed that the surfing performance of surfboards with 3D printed fins is similar to that of surfboards with commercial fins.

scholarly journals Solid contact reference electrode with a PVC-based composite electroactive element fabricated by 3D printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 106613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Lewenstam ◽  
Bartosz Bartoszewicz ◽  
Jan Migdalski ◽  
Adam Kochan
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Solid Contact

scholarly journals Optimisation of Design and Manufacturing Parameters of 3D Printed Solid Microneedles for Improved Strength, Sharpness, and Drug Delivery

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Economidou ◽  
Cristiane Pissinato Pere ◽  
Michael Okereke ◽  
Dennis Douroumis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Coating Morphology ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Parameters ◽  
Significant Attention

3D printing has emerged as a powerful manufacturing technology and has attracted significant attention for the fabrication of microneedle (MN)-mediated transdermal systems. In this work, we describe an optimisation strategy for 3D-printed MNs, ranging from the design to the drug delivery stage. The key relationships between design and manufacturing parameters and quality and performance are systematically explored. The printing and post-printing set parameters were found to influence quality and material mechanical properties, respectively. It was demonstrated that the MN geometry affected piercing behaviour, fracture, and coating morphology. The delivery of insulin in porcine skin by inkjet-coated MNs was shown to be influenced by MN design.

scholarly journals Fabrication of a 3D-Printed Porous Junction for Ag|AgCl|gel-KCl Reference Electrode

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Sarah May Sibug-Torres ◽  
Lance P. Go ◽  
Erwin P. Enriquez
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Sample Matrix ◽  
3D Printed

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a 3D printing method that is attracting increased interest in the development of miniaturized electrochemical sensor systems due to its versatility, low cost, reproducibility, and capability for rapid prototyping. A key component of miniaturized electrochemical systems is the reference electrode (RE). However, reports of the fabrication of a true 3D-printed RE that exhibits stability to variations in the sample matrix remain limited. In this work, we report the development and characterization of a 3D-printed Ag|AgCl|gel-KCl reference electrode (3D-RE). The RE was constructed using a Ag|AgCl wire and agar-KCl layer housed in a watertight 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) casing. The novel feature of our electrode is a 3D-printed porous junction that protects the gel electrolyte layer from chloride ion leakage and test sample contamination while maintaining electrical contact with the sample solution. By tuning the 3D printing filament extrusion ratio (k), the porosity of the junction was adjusted to balance the reference electrode potential stability and impedance. The resulting 3D-RE demonstrated a stable potential, with a potential drift of 4.55 ± 0.46 mV over a 12-h period of continuous immersion in 0.1 M KCl, and a low impedance of 0.50 ± 0.11 kΩ. The 3D-RE was also insensitive to variations in the sample matrix and maintained a stable potential for at least 30 days under proper storage in 3 M KCl. We demonstrate the application of this 3D-RE in cyclic voltammetry and in pH sensing coupled with electrodeposited iridium oxide on a gold electrode. Our method offers a viable strategy for 3D printing a customizable true reference electrode that can be readily fabricated on demand and integrated into 3D-printed miniaturized electrochemical sensor systems.

scholarly journals Small Hall Effect Thruster with 3D Printed Discharge Channel: Design and Thrust Measurements

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Ethan P. Hopping ◽  
Wensheng Huang ◽  
Kunning G. Xu
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Hall Effect ◽  
Discharge Channel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hall Thrusters ◽  
Hall Effect Thruster ◽  
Sustained Operation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
And Performance

This paper presents the design and performance of the UAH-78AM, a low-power small Hall effect thruster. The goal of this work is to assess the feasibility of using low-cost 3D printing to create functioning Hall thrusters, and study how 3D printing can expand the design space. The thruster features a 3D printed discharge channel with embedded propellant distributor. Multiple materials were tested including ABS, ULTEM, and glazed ceramic. Thrust measurements were obtained at the NASA Glenn Research Center. Measured thrust ranged from 17.2–30.4 mN over a discharge power of 280 W to 520 W with an anode ISP range of 870–1450 s. The thruster has a similar performance range to conventional thrusters at the same power levels. However, the polymer ABS and ULTEM materials have low temperature limits which made sustained operation difficult.

Textile-integrated three-dimensional printed and embroidered structures for wearable wireless platforms

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han He ◽  
Xiaochen Chen ◽  
Leena Ukkonen ◽  
Johanna Virkki
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cyclic Strain ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Permanent Effect ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Performance

In this paper, we present fabrication and performance evaluation of three-dimensional (3D) printed and embroidered textile-integrated passive ultra high frequency radio frequency identification (RFID) platforms. The antennas were manufactured by 3D printing a stretchable silver conductor directly on an elastic band. The electric and mechanical joint between the 3D printed antennas and microchips was formed by gluing with conductive epoxy glue, by printing the antenna directly on top of the microchip structure, and by embroidering with conductive yarn. Initially, all types of fabricated RFID tags achieved read ranges of 8–9 meters. Next, the components were tested for wetting as well as for harsh cyclic strain and bending. The immersing and cyclic bending slightly affected the performance of the tags. However, they did not stop the tags from working in an acceptable way, nor did they have any permanent effect. The epoxy-glued or 3D printed antenna–microchip interconnections were not able to endure harsh stretching. On the other hand, the tags with the embroidered antenna–microchip interconnections showed excellent wireless performance, both during and after a 100 strong stretching cycles. Thus, the novel approach of combining 3D printing and embroidery seems to be a promising way to fabricate textile-integrated wireless platforms.

Biodegradable 3D Printed Polymer Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Luzuriaga ◽  
Danielle R. Berry ◽  
John C. Reagan ◽  
Ronald A. Smaldone ◽  
Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Microfabrication Technique ◽  
Mechanical Strengths

Biodegradable polymer microneedle (MN) arrays are an emerging class of transdermal drug delivery devices that promise a painless and sanitary alternative to syringes; however, prototyping bespoke needle architectures is expensive and requires production of new master templates. Here, we present a new microfabrication technique for MNs using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing using polylactic acid, an FDA approved, renewable, biodegradable, thermoplastic material. We show how this natural degradability can be exploited to overcome a key challenge of FDM 3D printing, in particular the low resolution of these printers. We improved the feature size of the printed parts significantly by developing a post fabrication chemical etching protocol, which allowed us to access tip sizes as small as 1 μm. With 3D modeling software, various MN shapes were designed and printed rapidly with custom needle density, length, and shape. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that our method resulted in needle tip sizes in the range of 1 – 55 µm, which could successfully penetrate and break off into porcine skin. We have also shown that these MNs have comparable mechanical strengths to currently fabricated MNs and we further demonstrated how the swellability of PLA can be exploited to load small molecule drugs and how its degradability in skin can release those small molecules over time.

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