scholarly journals Assessment of an Ultrasonic Water Stage Monitoring Sensor Operating in an Urban Stream

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4689
Author(s):  
Yiannis Panagopoulos ◽  
Anastasios Papadopoulos ◽  
Georgios Poulis ◽  
Emmanouil Nikiforakis ◽  
Elias Dimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Transducer ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Water Stage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Contact Sensors

The monitoring of the water stage in streams and rivers is essential for the sustainable management of water resources, particularly for the estimation of river discharges, the protection against floods and the design of hydraulic works. The Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters of the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) has developed and operates automatic stations in rivers of Greece, which, apart from their monitoring role, offer opportunities for testing new monitoring equipment. This paper compares the performance of a new ultrasonic sensor, a non-contact water stage monitoring instrument, against a pressure transducer, both installed at the same location in an urban stream of the metropolitan area of Athens. The statistical and graph analysis of the almost one-year concurrent measurements from the two sensors revealed that stage differences never exceeded 7%, while the ultrasonic measurements were most of the time higher than the respective pressure transducer ones during the low flow conditions of the dry period and lower during the wet period of the year, when high flow events occurred. It is also remarkable that diurnal air temperature variations under stable hydrologic conditions had an impact on the measured stage from the ultrasonic sensor, which varied its stage measurements within a small but non-negligible range, while the pressure transducer did not practically fluctuate. Despite a slightly increased sensitivity of the ultrasonic sensor to meteorological conditions, the paper concludes that non-contact sensors for the monitoring of the water stage in rivers can be useful, especially where danger for possible damage of submersible instruments is increased.

Nitrogen patterns in subsurface waters of the Yzeron stream: effect of combined sewer overflows and subsurface–surface water mixing

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2632-2637 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Aucour ◽  
T. Bariac ◽  
P. Breil ◽  
P. Namour ◽  
L. Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Subsurface Waters ◽  
Sewer Overflows

Urbanization subjects streams to increased nitrogen loads. Therefore studying nitrogen forms at the interface between urban stream and groundwater is important for water resource management. In this study we report results on water δ18O and nitrogen forms in subsurface waters of a stream (Yzeron, France). The sites studied were located upstream and downstream of combined sewer overflows (CSO) in a rural area and a periurban area, respectively. Water δ18O allowed us to follow the mixing of subsurface water with surface water. Dissolved organic nitrogen and organic carbon of fine sediment increased by 20–30% between rural and periurban subsurface waters in the cold season, under high flow. The highest nitrate levels were observed in rural subsurface waters in the cold season. The lowest nitrate levels were found in periurban subsurface waters in the warm season, under low flow. They corresponded to slow exchange of subsurface waters with channel water. Thus reduced exchange between surface and subsurface waters and organic-matter-rich input seemed to favor nitrate reduction in the downstream, periurban, subsurface waters impacted by CSO.

scholarly journals Branch elongation and diameter growth were temporally dissociatedin "cerrado" tree species

Hoehnea ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davi Rodrigo Rossatto
Keyword(s):  
Water Status ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Branch Growth ◽  
Tree Community ◽  
One Year

Here is a communicating about time differences between branch and diameter growth in a tree community of ten species in Neotropical savanna ("cerrado") of Central Brazil. This work was conducted to study branch expansion and diameter growth in a period of one year between 2006 and 2007. Branch growth had begin in middle dry season and had the peak occurrence during the dry period in September, while diameter growth had begin in late dry season and peaked in the middle of wet season in December. The majority of species followed the same pattern. Branch growth did not have relation with rainfall, while diameter growth had a clear and positive relation with rainfall records. These results suggested that branch growth was not depend on rainfall but only on water status recover, while diameter growth probably depends strongly on water and to carbon assimilation that occurs after branch and leaf expansion.

scholarly journals Study on the Surveillance System of Water Stage Used the Resonator Pressure Transducer and Wireless Connectivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Bing Han ◽  
Qiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Pressure Transducer ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Hydrogeological Parameters ◽  
Water Stage ◽  
Wireless Connectivity

For the sake of ameliorating the faultiness of low precision for conventional surveillance methods of water stage, and realize the goal of real time data collection, automated actions and long-distance conveying, we have designed a novel surveillance system of water stage with the resonator pressure transducer and wireless connectivity technologies. The surveillance system of water stage has come into service in a field experiment project of a certain oil and gas pipeline engineering. By analyzing and comparing the results of experiments, the system has the merits of high agility, reliability, instantaneity and accuracy, low cost, capacity of resisting disturbance, which making it ideal for use in unattended supervising of water stage for multi-spots observation based on regional scale. The surveillance system can well satisfy the actual demand of auto hydrogeological parameters monitoring for geotechnical engineering.

scholarly journals Monitoramento de voçorocas em solos podzóllcos da região de Rondonópolls-MT

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Mauro Kumpfer Werlang
Keyword(s):  
Left Bank ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
One Year ◽  
Vegetation And Climate

The objective of this paper is to present the ravine and voçorocas in monitorings done in podzolic soils in the region of Rondonópolis - Mato Grosso - Brazil. The ravines and voçorocas were monitored in an area of 25.500 m2 in the county of Rondonópolis , in a section of concave slope with approximately 23% of declivity. This declivity can be found in a ramp of 174 meters located on the left bank of the Jurigue River. The work was done in a period of one year, covering a dry period and a rainy. It presents considerations related to the physical atmosphere of the region and of the area. These considerations observed aspects, such as: geology, geomorphology, vegetation and climate.

scholarly journals Artificial Neural Network for Daily Low Stream Flow Rate Prediction of Perigiali Stream, Kavala City, NE Greece

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Thomas Papalaskaris ◽  
Theologos Panagiotidis
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Neural Network Modeling ◽  
Rate Data ◽  
Artificial Neural

Only a few scientific research studies with reference to extremely low stream flow conditions, have been conducted in Greece, so far. Forecasting future low stream flow rate values is a crucial and desicive task when conducting drought and watershed management plans, designing water reservoirs and general hydraulic works capacity, calculating hydrological and drought low flow indices, separating groundwater base flow and storm flow of storm hydrographs etc. Artificial Neural Network modeling simulation method generates artificial time series of simulated values of a random (hydrological in this specific case) variable. The present study produces artificial low stream flow time series of both a part of the past year (2016) as well as the present year (2017) considering the stream flow data observed during two different respecting interval period of the years 2016 and 2017. We compiled an Artificial Neural Network to simulate low stream flow rate data, acquired at a certain location of the partly regulated semi-urban stream which runs through the eastern exit of Kavala city, NE Greece, using a 3-inches U.S.G.S. modified portable Parshall flume, a 3-inches conventional portable Parshall flume, a 3-inches portable Montana (short Parshall) flume and a 90° V-notched triangular shaped sharp crested portable weir plate. The observed data were plotted against the predicted one and the results were demonstrated through interactive tables providing us the ability to effectively evaluate the ANN model simulation procedure performance. Finally, we plot the recorded against the simulated low stream flow rate data, compiling a log-log scale chart which provides a better visualization of the discrepancy ratio statistical performance metrics and calculate the derived model statistics featuring the comparison between the recorded and the forecasted low stream flow rate data.

Responses of streambed bacterial groups to cycles of low‐flow and erosive floods in a small peri‐urban stream

Ecohydrology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Navratil ◽  
M.A. Boukerb ◽  
F. Perret ◽  
P. Breil ◽  
C. Caurel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Flow ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Bacterial Groups

scholarly journals Microbiological and Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile of Postoperative Endophthalmitis in a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital of North India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Richa Ranjan ◽  
Manisha Agarwal ◽  
Shalini Singh ◽  
Rahul Mayor ◽  
Lagan Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Postoperative Endophthalmitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
One Year

Introduction:  We describe the microbiological profile of postoperative endophthalmitis from northern India and analyse the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity which may have changed due to development of resistance secondary to overuse of antimicrobial drugs. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of postoperative endophthalmitis from January 2011 to December 2017 in a tertiary eye hospital of northern India. Any patient developing endophthalmitis within one year of any intraocular procedure was included in the study. According to severity, treatment with a trial of intravitreal antibiotic injections or core vitrectomy was decided. Ocular samples were collected which were either anterior chamber tap or vitreous biopsy and sent for microbiological examination. The samples were stained with Gram’s and KOH stain and cultured on chocolate agar, blood agar, brain heart infusion broth and Sabouraud dextrose agar.Results: A total of 545 patients of postoperative endophthalmitis were analysed which showed a male predilection (60.5%) with maximum patients between the age group 50-69 years. 292 patients (53.5%) were culture negative and 253 patients (46.4%) were culture positive.  Most common organism identified was Staphylococcus in 73 patients followed by Pseudomonas in 48 patients. Staphylococcus species was most sensitive to vancomycin (97%) followed by amikacin (91%) followed by gentamicin and moxifloxacin (88% each). Pseudomonas was the second most common isolate which showed maximum sensitivity to imipenem (82%) followed by ciprofloxacin(60%). Polymicrobial infection was noted in 23 patients. The most common fungal isolate was aspergillus in 11 patients, followed by fusarium in 10 patients. Conclusion: Our study shows that gram positive bacteria are the most common organisms in postoperative endophthalmitis and are most sensitive to vancomycin, followed by gram negative bacteria which show increased sensitivity with imipenem than commonly used antibiotic - ceftazidime.

scholarly journals Utility of Kiken Yochi Training (KYT) in Fall Risk Prediction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kobe A ◽  
Ikeda N ◽  
Okamoto K ◽  
Kagechika K ◽  
Maeno T
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Risk Sensitivity ◽  
Sustained Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
One Year

Background It is possible to increase the sensitivity of risk prediction to attempt to prevent medical accidents. Kiken Yochi Training (KYT) is widely used to increase the sensitivity of risk prediction in Japan. This study aims to investigate the utility of KYT in fall risk prediction. Materials and Methods The sensitivities of 78 nurses were compared before and after KYT and 1 year after the training was provided. The sensitivity was measured as the number of items reported, that were related to the risk of fall. Analysis of variance and multiple comparison tests were used, and the number of fall-related items reported before and after KYT was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results The number of items reported after KYT was significantly greater than the number before the intervention (p <0.01). Conversely, the number of items reported one year after KYT was significantly lower than that immediately after the intervention (p <0.05). In addition, a weak significant correlation was observed in the number of items reported before and after KYT. Conclusion It was suggested that KYT increased sensitivity to predicting fall risk. It showed sustained effect on risk prediction one year later. Therefore, KYT is considered to be an effective way to increase risk sensitivity. Keywords: KYT, Fall Risk Prediction

scholarly journals BIOGEOQUIMICA ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA LITEIRA EM AMBIENTE DE FLORESTA NATURAL NA AMAZÔNIA CENTRAL

Química Nova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda Rebêlo ◽  
Maria Monteiro ◽  
Sávio Ferreira ◽  
Eduardo Villamizar ◽  
Ézio Sargentini Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
Reproductive Material ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
Topographic Positions

SPACE-TEMPORAL BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF THE LITTER IN A NATURAL FOREST ENVIRONMENT IN THE CENTRAL AMAZON. This research was aimed to evaluate the concentration of 15 chemical elements as a reference base for the quality of the litter in a forest in the central region of the Amazon. The sampling of the litter was performed monthly in two topographic positions for one year. For the quantification of the elements, digestion by nitroperchloric solution and reading by ICP OES were performed. The mean of macronutrient contents in the litter in decreasing order were Ca>K>Mg>Na. For micronutrients, the order was Al>Mn>Fe>Sr>Zn>Cu>Ba>Cr>Ni>Co>Cd for the Plateau and Al>Mn>Fe Sr>Zn>Cu>Ba>Cr>Ni>Cd>Co for the Baixio. Among the fractions, calcium had its highest concentration in the woody material, potassium in the reproductive material, while magnesium, sodium, and aluminum showed higher concentrations in the leaf fraction. Also, it was observed that the return of the elements to the soil by litter was greater in the dry period of the region, due to the greater fall in plant material. Calcium differed significantly within the same area, obtaining the highest concentrations compared to the other elements, while aluminum and zinc differed significantly between the areas studied, with a higher return for both elements on the Plateau.

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