scholarly journals Optical Simulation and Experimental Assessment with Time–Walk Correction of TOF–PET Detectors with Multi-Ended Readouts

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4681
Author(s):  
Siwei Xie ◽  
Zhiliang Zhu ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Qiangqiang Xie ◽  
Hongsen Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Output ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Optical Simulation ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Coincidence Timing ◽  
Pet Detectors ◽  
Reference Detector ◽  
Fourth Order Polynomial ◽  
Tof Pet

As a commonly used solution, the multi-ended readout can measure the depth-of-interaction (DOI) for positron emission tomography (PET) detectors. In the present study, the effects of the multi-ended readout design were investigated using the leading-edge discriminator (LED) triggers on the timing performance of time-of-flight (TOF) PET detectors. At the very first, the photon transmission model of the four detectors, namely, single-ended readout, dual-ended readout, side dual-ended readout, and triple-ended readout, was established in Tracepro. The optical simulation revealed that the light output of the multi-ended readout was higher. Meanwhile, the readout circuit could be triggered earlier. Especially, in the triple-ended readout, the light output at 0.5 ns was observed to be nearly twice that of the single-ended readout after the first scintillating photon was generated. Subsequently, a reference detector was applied to test the multi-ended readout detectors that were constructed from a 6 × 6 × 25 mm3 LYSO crystal. Each module is composed of a crystal coupled with multiple SiPMs. Accordingly, its timing performance was improved by approximately 10% after the compensation of fourth-order polynomial fitting. Finally, the compensated full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) coincidence timing resolutions (CTR) of the dual-ended readout, side dual-ended readout, and triple-ended readout were 216.9 ps, 231.0 ps, and 203.6 ps, respectively.

Positron emitter depth distribution in PMMA irradiated with 130 MeV protons measured using TOF-PET detectors.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Mythra Varun Nemallapudi ◽  
Atiq Rahman ◽  
Augustine Ei-Fong Chen ◽  
Shih-Chang Lee ◽  
Chih-Hsun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Positron Emitter ◽  
Pet Detectors ◽  
Mev Protons ◽  
Tof Pet

TOF PET detectors employing stripline based readout and MVT digitizer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xudong Lyu ◽  
Feng Xu ◽  
Yuexuan Hua ◽  
Chaoyong Tian ◽  
Jine Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pet Detectors ◽  
Tof Pet

scholarly journals Analytic time-of-flight positron emission tomography reconstruction: two-dimensional case

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gengsheng L. Zeng ◽  
Ya Li ◽  
Qiu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Iterative Algorithm ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Profile Function ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Image Reconstruction ◽  
2D Filter ◽  
Tof Pet

AbstractIn a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner, the time-of-flight (TOF) information gives us rough event position along the line-of-response (LOR). Using the TOF information for PET image reconstruction is able to reduce image noise. The state-of-the-art TOF PET image reconstruction uses iterative algorithms. Analytical image reconstruction algorithm exits for TOF PET which emulates the iterative Landweber algorithm. This paper introduces such an algorithm, focusing on two-dimensional (2D) reconstruction. The proposed algorithm is in the form of backprojection filtering, in which the backprojection is performed first, and then a 2D filter is applied to the backprojected image. For the list-mode data, the backprojection is carried out in the event-by-event fashion, and a profile function may be used along the projection LOR. The 2D filter depends on the TOF timing resolution as well as the backprojection profile function. In order to emulate the iterative algorithm effects, a Fourier-domain window function is suggested. This window function has a parameter, k, which corresponds to the iteration number in an iterative algorithm.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Various Scintillator Materials in Radiation Detector Design for Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Siwei Xie ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Yibin Zhang ◽  
Gaoyang Ying ◽  
Qiu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Timing Resolution ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Co Doped

The performance of radiation detectors used in positron-emission tomography (PET) is determined by the intrinsic properties of the scintillators, the geometry and surface treatment of the scintillator crystals and the electrical and optical characteristics of the photosensors. Experimental studies were performed to assess the timing resolution and energy resolution of detectors constructed with samples of different scintillator materials (LaBr3, CeBr3, LFS, LSO, LYSO: Ce, Ca and GAGG) that were fabricated into different shapes with various surface treatments. The saturation correction of SiPMs was applied for tested detectors based on a Tracepro simulation. Overall, we tested 28 pairs of different forms of scintillators to determine the one with the best CTR and light output. Two common high-performance silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) provided by SensL (J-series, 6 mm) or AdvanSiD (NUV, 6 mm) were used for photodetectors. The PET detector constructed with 6 mm CeBr3 cubes achieved the best CTR with a FWHM of 74 ps. The 4 mm co-doped LYSO: Ce, Ca pyramid crystals achieved 88.1 ps FWHM CTR. The 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm 0.2% Ce, 0.1% Ca co-doped LYSO cubes achieved 95.6 ps, 106 ps and 129 ps FWHM CTR, respectively. The scintillator crystals with unpolished surfaces had better timing than those with polished surfaces. The timing resolution was also improved by using certain geometric factors, such as a pyramid shape, to improve light transportation in the scintillator crystals.

Optimization of dual mode readout of Sensl SiPM for TOF PET detectors

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianpeng Xu ◽  
Shulin Yao ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Qingyang Wei ◽  
Yaqiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dual Mode ◽  
Pet Detectors ◽  
Tof Pet

scholarly journals State of the art timing in TOF-PET detectors with LuAG, GAGG and L(Y)SO scintillators of various sizes coupled to FBK-SiPMs

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. P08008-P08008 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gundacker ◽  
F. Acerbi ◽  
E. Auffray ◽  
A. Ferri ◽  
A. Gola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Pet Detectors ◽  
Tof Pet
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