scholarly journals Video-Rate Identification of High-Capacity Low-Cost Tags in the Terahertz Domain

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3692
Author(s):  
Florent Bonnefoy ◽  
Maxime Bernier ◽  
Etienne Perret ◽  
Nicolas Barbot ◽  
Romain Siragusa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Performance Limits ◽  
Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy

In this article, we report on video-rate identification of very low-cost tags in the terahertz (THz) domain. Contrary to barcodes, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, or even chipless RFID tags, operate in the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB). These THz labels are not based on a planar surface pattern but are instead embedded, thus hidden, in the volume of the product to identify. The tag is entirely made of dielectric materials and is based on a 1D photonic bandgap structure, made of a quasi-periodic stack of two different polyethylene-based materials presenting different refractive indices. The thickness of each layer is of the order of the THz wavelength, leading to an overall tag thickness in the millimetre range. More particularly, we show in this article that the binary information coded within these tags can be rapidly and reliably identified using a commercial terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system as a reader. More precisely, a bit error rate smaller than 1% is experimentally reached for a reading duration as short as a few tens of milliseconds on an 8 bits (~40 bits/cm2) THID tag. The performance limits of such a tag structure are explored in terms of both dielectric material properties (losses) and angular acceptance. Finally, realistic coding capacities of about 60 bits (~300 bits/cm2) can be envisaged with such tags.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Chipless RFID Tags: Fabrication through Additive Manufacturing

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4740
Author(s):  
Sergio Terranova ◽  
Filippo Costa ◽  
Giuliano Manara ◽  
Simone Genovesi
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Metallic Surfaces ◽  
Data Encoding ◽  
Chipless Rfid ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Promising Solution

A new class of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tags, namely the three-dimensional (3D)-printed chipless RFID one, is proposed, and their performance is assessed. These tags can be realized by low-cost materials, inexpensive manufacturing processes and can be mounted on metallic surfaces. The tag consists of a solid dielectric cylinder, which externally appears as homogeneous. However, the information is hidden in the inner structure of the object, where voids are created to encrypt information in the object. The proposed chipless tag represents a promising solution for anti-counterfeiting or security applications, since it avoids an unwanted eavesdropping during the reading process or information retrieval from a visual inspection that may affect other chipless systems. The adopted data-encoding algorithm does not rely on On–Off or amplitude schemes that are commonly adopted in the chipless RFID implementations but it is based on the maximization of available states or the maximization of non-overlapping regions of uncertainty. The performance of such class of chipless RFID tags are finally assessed by measurements on real prototypes.

Experimental Analysis of Alternative Dielectric Materials for DBD Plasma Actuators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. F. Rodrigues ◽  
J. C. Pascoa ◽  
M. Trancossi
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Active Flow Control ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Plasma Actuators ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Dbd Plasma ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Dielectric Barrier Discharge plasma actuators are simple devices with great potential for active flow control applications. They have very interesting features which have made them a topic of interest for many researchers, for instance they present very low mass, fast response time, low cost, easy implementation and they are fully electronic with no moving parts. The dielectric material used in the construction of these devices present an important role in their performance. The variety of dielectrics studied in the literature is very restrict and the majority of the authors make use of Kapton, Teflon, Macor ceramic or PMMA. Furthermore, several authors reported difficulties in the durability of the dielectric layer when actuators operate at high levels of voltage and frequency. Considering this background, the present study focus on the experimental testing of alternative dielectric materials which can be used for DBD plasma actuators fabrication. Considering this, plasma actuators with dielectric layers made of Poly-Isobutylene rubber, Poly-Lactic acid and Acetoxy Silicon were experimentally tested. Although these dielectric materials are not commonly used in plasma actuators, their values of dielectric strength and dielectric permittivity indicate they can be good solutions. The plasma actuators facbricated with these alternative dielectric materials were experimentally analysed in terms of electrical characteristics and induced flow velocity, and the obtained results were compared with an actuator made of Kapton which is, currently, the most common dielectric material for plasma actuators. The effectiveness of the actuators was estimated and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of each dielectric material were discussed.

Low-cost 13.56MHz Rectifier Based on Organic Diode

2012 ◽  
Vol 1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Zhuoyu Ji ◽  
Liwei Shang ◽  
Yingping Chen ◽  
Congyan Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Schottky Contacts ◽  
Hole Injection ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Peak Voltage ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Injection Barrier ◽  
Organic Diode

ABSTRACTIn this paper, low-cost rectifier based on an organic diode for use in organic radio frequency identification (RFID) tags is proposed. Pentacene is the electroactive layer, with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) modified low-cost copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) as the Ohmic and Schottky contacts, respectively. Hole injection barrier between Cu and pentacene can be decreased by forming the self-assembled layers of Cu-TCNQ. The diode shows a high rectification ratio of approximately 2×106 at 5V and the organic diode based rectifier circuit generated a dc output voltage of approximately 2V at 13.56MHz, using an input ac signal with zero-to-peak voltage amplitude of 5 V. The results indicate that chemical modification of the low-cost electrodes could be an efficient way toward low-cost high performance organic electronics devices.

Achieving protection against man-in-the-middle attack in HB family protocols implemented in RFID tags

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisha Aseeri ◽  
Omaimah Bamasag
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Formal Proofs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Man In The Middle ◽  
Identification Tags ◽  
Lightweight Authentication

Purpose In the past few years, HB-like protocols have gained much attention in the field of lightweight authentication protocols due to their efficient functioning and large potential applications in low-cost radio frequency identification tags, which are on the other side spreading so fast. However, most published HB protocols are vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks such as GRS or OOV attacks. The purpose of this research is to investigate security issues pertaining to HB-like protocols with an aim of improving their security and efficiency. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, a new and secure variant of HB family protocols named HB-MP* is proposed and designed, using the techniques of random rotation. The security of the proposed protocol is proven using formal proofs. Also, a prototype of the protocol is implemented to check its applicability, test the security in implementation and to compare its performance with the most related protocol. Findings The HB-MP* protocol is found secure against passive and active adversaries and is implementable within the tight resource constraints of today’s EPC-type RFID tags. Accordingly, the HB-MP* protocol provides higher security than previous HB-like protocols without sacrificing performance. Originality/value This paper proposes a new HB variant called HB-MP* that tries to be immune against the pre-mentioned attacks and at the same time keeping the simple structure. It will use only lightweight operations to randomize the rotation of the secret.

scholarly journals Miniaturized Chipless RFID Tags Based on Periodically Loaded Microstrip Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 4679-4684
Author(s):  
M. Added ◽  
K. Rabaani ◽  
S. Chabaan ◽  
N. Boulejfen
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Resonant Circuit ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Chipless Rfid ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Coding Capacity ◽  
Microstrip Structure

A compact chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag-based on slow-wave technology is introduced in this paper. The tag consists of a resonant circuit based on open stub resonators periodically loaded by shunt stubs allowing a coding capacity of 9 bits and operating in a frequency range from 2 to 4GHz. The receiving and transmitting antennas of the tag are particularly designed to minimize the tag size as much as possible. The proposed tag presents a robust bit pattern with a compact and fully printable structure using FR4 substrate for a low-cost tag.

scholarly journals Novel “Enhanced-Cognition” RFID Architectures on Organic/Paper Low-Cost Substrates Utilizing Inkjet Technologies

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Amin Rida ◽  
Rushi Vyas ◽  
Manos M. Tentzeris
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Military Logistics ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Novel Design

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of novel design and integration approaches for improved performance “enhanced-cognition” UHF passive and active radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. Antenna design rules are explained for a variety of applications. A strategy that is currently under development for embedding power sources and integration of sensors and integrated circuits (ICs) on low-cost organic substrates, such as liquid crystal polymer (LCP) and paper, enabling the use of inkjet-printing capability for the UHF frequency band, is discussed in the paper. The proposed technologies could potentially revolutionize RFID tags allowing for integrated sensing capabilities for various applications such as security, military, logistics, automotion, and pharmaceutics.

Nanocrystalline Silicon Diodes for Rectifiers on Flexible RFID Tags

2008 ◽  
Vol 1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Chi Yan Kwong ◽  
Hyun Jung Lee ◽  
Andrei Sazonov
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Forward Bias ◽  
Nanocrystalline Silicon ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Active Devices ◽  
Bridge Rectifier

ABSTRACTThere has been an on-going effort to produce low cost radio frequency identification (RFID) tags as a replacement for traditional barcodes. One method to achieve low cost production is to integrate the manufacturing of the substrate, antenna and active devices into one single continuous process. Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) is a suitable material for manufacturing the active devices in such a process.We present a nc-Si:H diode suitable for use in rectifiers on RFID tags. It consists of a Cr bottom contact, an undoped layer of nc-Si:H, an n-doped nc-Si:H and an Al top contact. We demonstrate the current-voltage characteristics of the nc-Si:H diode are much improved over a-Si:H diodes. Current density of 10 A/cm2 and ON/OFF ratio greater than 106 was measured at 2 V forward bias. Output DC voltage of 2.6 V was achieved using four nc-Si:H diodes in a full-wave bridge rectifier. The input AC signal was a sine wave at 14 MHz and 2 VRMS amplitude.

scholarly journals RFID TAGS USED IN PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROGRAMME FOR MOTORS AND GENERATORS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Aleong ◽  
Kit Fai Pun
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Basic System ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
Maintenance Programme

In modern plant operations, a well-planned preventive maintenance programme is vital to reliable and long-life operation of motors and generators. Many companies lack such a programme due to the high cost and intricacy associated with employing major sensing techniques for monitoring live equipment status. This paper presents the findings of a pilot project that was to design a low cost Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based system paired with the Internet of Things (IoT) communications to create a preventive maintenance programme that could provide real-time updates for installed motors and generators at a particular site. The basic system would incorporate ultra-high frequency RFID sensor tags for monitoring vibration and temperature, fixed RFID readers with antennas, and a based unit (built around a personal computer) with access to the internet. This is an on-line RFID-based monitoring system. The RFID tags would allow the connection of the physical assets to the digital world having a direct effect to a company’s business drivers such as cost savings, greater operational efficiency, and increased productivity. Installing the basic system on a trial basis is recommended. It is anticipated that, the RFID based system could provide a long-term solution to the current problems of complex and expensive data collection

scholarly journals Feasibility Study of While-drilling Data Transmission Technology Based on Radio Frequency Identification

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-296
Author(s):  
Wei-Ning Ni ◽  
Ji-Bo Li ◽  
Shan-Guo Li ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
Transmission Speed

Downhole data transmission methods based on mud-pulse and low-frequency electromagnetic waves can’t satisfy the need of large amount and high speed data uploading during drilling. In this paper, a novel data transmission technique based on releasing RFID tags by LWD tools is designed and validated. As the memory and transmission media, RFID tags are pre-mounted tactfully in cavities of the downhole releasing tool which can transmits/write LWD data to these tags. By releasing regularly or irregularly into the annulus fluids, RFID tags can be carried to the surface by mud circulation. To finish data transportation function, LWD data can be read out on the surface. Wireless charging high capacity (1Mbits) RFID tags are designed, which contains microprocessor and memory, to expand the storage capacity of RFID tags. The power supply for microprocessor and memory in the tag is electromagnetic waves from RF Reader/Writer module. The equivalent data transmission speed of this system can be up to 278 bit/s (1 tag/h is assumed), which is more much faster than the traditional mud pulser (<10 bit/s).

scholarly journals RFID Technology for Management and Tracking: e-Health Applications

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Álvarez López ◽  
Jacqueline Franssen ◽  
Guillermo Álvarez Narciandi ◽  
Janet Pagnozzi ◽  
Ignacio González-Pinto Arrillaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Rfid System ◽  
Health Applications

Radio frequency identification (RFID) has become a key technology in the logistics and management industry, thanks to distinctive features such as the low cost of RFID tags, and the easiness of the RFID tags’ deployment and integration within the items to be tracked. In consequence, RFID plays a fundamental role in the so-called digital factory or 4.0 Industry, aiming to increase the level of automatization of industrial processes. In addition, RFID has also been found to be of great help in improving the tracking of patients, medicines, and medical assets in hospitals, where the digitalization of these operations improves their efficiency and safety. This contribution reviews the state-of-the-art of RFID for e-Health applications, describing the contributions to improve medical services and discussing the limitations. In particular, it has been found that a lot of effort has been put into software development, but in most of the cases a detailed study of the physical layer (that is, the characterization of the RFID signals within the area where the system is deployed) is not properly conducted. This contribution describes a basic RFID system for tracking and managing assets in hospitals, aiming to provide additional details about implementation aspects that must be considered to ensure proper functionality of the system. Although the scope of the RFID system described in this contribution is restricted to a small area of the hospital, the architecture is fully scalable to cover the needs of the different medical services in the hospital. Ultra high-frequency (UHF) RFID technology is selected over the most extended near-field communication (NFC) and high-frequency (HF) RFID technology to minimize hardware infrastructure. In particular, UHF RFID also makes the coverage/reading area conformation easier by using different kinds of antennas. Information is stored in a database, which is accessed from end-user mobile devices (tablets, smartphones) where the position and status of the assets to be tracked are displayed.

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