scholarly journals SQM-LRU: A Harmony Dual-Queue Management Algorithm to Control Non-Responsive LTF Flow and Achieve Service Differentiation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3568
Author(s):  
Penghui Li ◽  
Xianliang Jiang ◽  
Jiahua Zhu ◽  
Guang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Service Differentiation ◽  
Queue Management ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Delay Jitter ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Flow Detection

The increase in network applications diversity and different service quality requirements lead to service differentiation, making it more important than ever. In Wide Area Network (WAN), the non-responsive Long-Term Fast (LTF) flows are the main contributors to network congestion. Therefore, detecting and suppressing non-responsive LTF flows represent one of the key points for providing data transmission with controllable delay and service differentiation. However, the existing single-queue management algorithms are designed to serve only a small number of applications with similar requirements (low latency, high throughput, etc.). The lack of mechanisms to distinguish different traffic makes it difficult to implement differentiated services. This paper proposes an active queue management scheme, namely, SQM-LRU, which realizes service differentiation based on Shadow Queue (SQ) and improved Least-Recently-Used (LRU) strategy. The algorithm consists of three essential components: First, the flow detection module is based on the SQ and improved LRU. This module is used to detect non-responsive LTF flows. Second, different flows will be put into corresponding high or low priority sub-queues depending on the flow detection results. Third, the dual-queue adopts CoDel and RED, respectively, to manage packets. SQM-LRU intends to satisfy the stringent delay requirements of responsive flow while maximizing the throughput of non-responsive LTF flow. Our simulation results show that SQM-LRU outperforms traditional solutions with significant improvement in flow detection and reduces the delay, jitter, and Flow Completion Time (FCT) of responsive flow. As a result, it reduced the FCT by up to 50% and attained 95% of the link utilization. Additionally, the low overhead and the operations incur O(1) cost per packet, making it practical for the real network.

An Enhanced Queue Management Scheme for Eradicating Congestion of TFRC over Wired Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ramanjaneya Reddy ◽  
Chenna Reddy Pakanati ◽  
M. Padmavathamma
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Multimedia Streaming ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Queue Management ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Time Requirements

<p class="Abstract">To accomplish increasing real time requirements, user applications have to send different kinds of data with different speeds over the internet.  To effectuate the aims of the computer networks, several protocols have been added to TCP/IP protocol suite.  Transport layer has to implement emerging techniques to transfer huge amount of data like multimedia streaming. To transmit multimedia applications, one of the suitable congestion control mechanisms in transport layer is TCP Friendly Rate Control Protocol (TFRC).  It controls congestion based on its equation. To get more smoothed throughput, intermediate nodes (like Routers. etc.) have to use suitable procedures in all real time situations. To eradicate the level of congestion in the network, we introduce enhanced Holt-Winters equations to RED queue management algorithm and applied to TFRC. The simulation results have shown that this strategy reduces packet loss and increases throughput.</p>

scholarly journals An Enhanced Key Management Scheme for LoRaWAN

Cryptography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialuo Han ◽  
Jidong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Key Management ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Session Key ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Key Update ◽  
High Degree

The LoRaWAN is one of the new low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) standards applied to Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The key features of LPWAN are its low power consumption and long-range coverage. The LoRaWAN 1.1 specification includes a basic security scheme. However, this scheme could be further improved in the aspect of key management. In this paper, LoRaWAN 1.1 security is reviewed, and enhanced LoRaWAN security with a root key update scheme is proposed. The root key update will make cryptoanalysis of security keys in LoRaWAN more difficult. The analysis and simulation show that the proposed root key update scheme requires fewer computing resources compared with other key derivation schemes, including the scheme used in the LoRaWAN session key update. The results also show the key generated in the proposed scheme has a high degree of randomness, which is a basic requirement for a security key.

scholarly journals LoRa-Based Traffic Flow Detection for Smart-Road

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
David Asiain ◽  
Diego Antolín
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Communication Signal ◽  
Accurate Comparison ◽  
Comparison Field ◽  
Flow Detection

This paper presents a wireless traffic flow detection system, mainly focused on conditions in which the traffic flow is slow or stopped, which increases the risk of highway accidents. To achieve this goal, a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) based on LoRa called Short LoRa has been developed. This LoRa sub-network complies with the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) harmonized standard for its compatibility in Europe countries. In addition, the development of the devices has allowed them to also work on a LoRaWAN network. The introduced development has been compared to a reference system mounted with laser barriers that provided a high accurate comparison. Field tests of the system have been carried out and the data obtained in the measurement has been analyzed with two different methods, and both of them were valid for the application. The results can determine vehicle speed with adequate precision at low speeds. The attenuating behavior of the communication signal is also analyzed through the Radio Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The relationship between vehicle speed, gate distances and RSSI attenuation has been studied. The system is proven to have efficient results in detecting traffic flow under the conditions for which it has been developed.

An eighth-mode SIW antenna for Low-Power Wide-Area Network applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Giacomo Muntoni ◽  
Giovanni Andrea Casula ◽  
Giorgio Montisci ◽  
Tonino Pisanu ◽  
Hendrik Rogier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Network Applications
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