scholarly journals Wearable Devices for Biofeedback Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Design Application Rules and Estimate the Effectiveness on Balance and Gait Outcomes in Neurological Diseases

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3444
Author(s):  
Thomas Bowman ◽  
Elisa Gervasoni ◽  
Chiara Arienti ◽  
Stefano Giuseppe Lazzerini ◽  
Stefano Negrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Wearable Device ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Body Parameters

Wearable devices are used in rehabilitation to provide biofeedback about biomechanical or physiological body parameters to improve outcomes in people with neurological diseases. This is a promising approach that influences motor learning and patients’ engagement. Nevertheless, it is not yet clear what the most commonly used sensor configurations are, and it is also not clear which biofeedback components are used for which pathology. To explore these aspects and estimate the effectiveness of wearable device biofeedback rehabilitation on balance and gait, we conducted a systematic review by electronic search on MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, PEDro, and the Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to January 2020. Nineteen randomized controlled trials were included (Parkinson’s n = 6; stroke n = 13; mild cognitive impairment n = 1). Wearable devices mostly provided real-time biofeedback during exercise, using biomechanical sensors and a positive reinforcement feedback strategy through auditory or visual modes. Some notable points that could be improved were identified in the included studies; these were helpful in providing practical design rules to maximize the prospective of wearable device biofeedback rehabilitation. Due to the current quality of the literature, it was not possible to achieve firm conclusions about the effectiveness of wearable device biofeedback rehabilitation. However, wearable device biofeedback rehabilitation seems to provide positive effects on dynamic balance and gait for PwND, but higher-quality RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed for stronger conclusions.

Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Interventions for Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110432
Author(s):  
Areum Han
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective: Mindfulness- and acceptance-based intervention (MABI) is an emerging evidenced-based practice, but no systematic review incorporating meta-analyses for MABIs in stroke survivors has been conducted. The objective of this systematic review was to measure the effectiveness of MABIs on outcomes in people with stroke. Method: Three electronic databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, were searched to identify relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. Data were extracted and combined in a meta-analysis with a random-effect model to compute the size of the intervention effect. Results: A total of 11 studies met the eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses found a small-to-moderate effect of MABIs on depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.12, 0.66]) and a large effect on mental fatigue (SMD = 1.22, 95% CI = [0.57, 1.87]). No statistically significant effect of MABIs on anxiety, quality of life, and mindfulness was found, but there was a trend in favor of MABIs overall. Conclusions: This meta-analysis found positive effects of MABIs on depressive symptoms and mental fatigue in stroke survivors, but future high-quality studies are needed to guarantee treatment effects of MABIs on varied outcomes in stroke survivors.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Literature for the Effects of Music on Dementia Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wally J. Bartfay ◽  
Andra Duff-Woskosky ◽  
Julie Earle ◽  
Marina Ali ◽  
Sheri Horsburgh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
English Articles

Introduction: There are over 100 different forms of dementia which is a broad term employed to describe symptoms effecting the brain caused by neurological and vascular diseases. It is a neurological disease that results in a decline in cognitive, social and physical disability which currently has no cure. The prevalence is expected to triple by 2050, due to the aging population trends in Canada. It has been estimated that 24.3 million people have dementia, and there are 4.6 million new cases annually, which accounts for one case every 3 seconds globally. Objectives: This systematic review examines the effects of music therapy on behavioral psychological symptoms of dementia and the quality of life. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in Ovid Medline, CINAHL and PsycINFO from January 2000 until August 2019. A data abstraction template was employed to for data management and organization. We included all peer reviewed, English articles, RCT’s, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, abstract pool and all or some key words. Results: From 968 potentially relevant records, 55 studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 20 met the inclusion criteria. Overall the studies showed a significant impact on mitigating agitation, reducing BPSD and improving memory, cognition, QOL and decreasing anxiety and symptoms associated with depression. Conclusion: The role of musical interventions found in the literature demonstrates the benefits of music therapy on dementia patients due to its positive effects on BPSD, quality of life and other behavioral symptoms.

scholarly journals The characteristics and effectiveness of pregnancy yoga interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Corrigan ◽  
Patrick Moran ◽  
Niamh McGrath ◽  
Jessica Eustace-Cook ◽  
Deirdre Daly
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vaginal Birth ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Mode Of Birth ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background: Yoga is a popular mind-body medicine frequently recommended and to pregnant women. Gaps remain in our understanding of core components of effective pregnancy yoga programmes. This review and meta-analysis examined the characteristics and effectiveness of pregnancy yoga, incorporating the FITT (frequency, intensity, time/duration and type) principle of exercise prescription in the analysis. Methods: The following electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, WHOLiS, AMED, ScieLo, ASSIA and Web of Science. Randomised control trials and quasi-experimental studies examining pregnancy yoga interventions were eligible for inclusion. Covidence was used to screen titles, abstracts, and full text articles. Outcomes of interest were stress, anxiety, depression, quality of life, labour duration, pain management in labour and mode of birth. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Assessment tool was used to assess methodological quality of studies and GRADE criteria (Gradepro) evaluated quality of the evidence. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3. Results: 678 citations were retrieved, 24 studies met inclusion criteria. 22 studies with 1826 pregnant women were included for meta-analysis. Applying per-protocol analysis and a random effects model, the pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) for depression (-0.53; 95% CI: -1.04 to -0.02, P=0.04), anxiety (-0.82; 95% CI: -1.64 to -0.01; p=0.05), perceived stress (-1.03; 95% CI: -1.55 to -0.52; p<0.0001) and physiological stress (-0.24; 95% CI: -0.52 to 0.04, P=0.09) supported a statistically significant beneficial effect of pregnancy yoga interventions for anxiety, depression and perceived stress. Duration of labour was shorter (MD= -116.96; 95% CI -163.36 to -70.56, P<0.00001) and normal vaginal birth rates were higher in the yoga group (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.26-5.90, p=0.01). The quality of evidence (GRADE) was low to very low for all factors. Twelve or more yoga sessions delivered weekly/bi-weekly had a statistically significant impact on mode of birth, while twelve or more yoga sessions of long duration (>60mins) had a statistically significant impact on perceived stress. Yoga sessions had a statistically significant impact on anxiety while yoga therapy had a statistically significant impact on depressionConclusion: The evidence supports previously cited positive effects of pregnancy yoga on anxiety, depression, perceived stress, normal vaginal birth and shorter duration of labour. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, CRD42019119916. Registered on 11th January 2019.Protocol publication: Corrigan L, Eustace-Cook J, Moran P and Daly D. The effectiveness and characteristics of pregnancy yoga interventions: a systematic review protocol [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]. HRB Open Res 2020, 2:33 (https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.12967.2)

scholarly journals Mind-Body (Baduanjin) Exercise Prescription for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease:A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Jie Liu ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Gao-Xia Wei ◽  
Zhanbing Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Study Results

Baduanjin exercise is a traditional Chinese health-Qigong routine, created by an ancient physician for health promotion. Its mild-to-moderate exercise intensity is suitable for individuals with medical conditions. Recently, a large number of trials were conducted to investigate the effects of Baduanjin exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It needs to be determined whether Baduanjin exercise prescription is beneficial for the management of COPD patients. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to objectively evaluate the existing literature on this topic. We searched six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang) from its inception till early May, 2018. The adapted PEDro scale was used for study quality assessment of all randomized controlled trials (RCT). The pooled effect size (Hedge&rsquo;s g) of exercise capability (6-Minute Walking Test, 6-MWT), lung function parameters (forced expiratory volume in first second, FEV1; forced volume vital capacity, FVC; FEV1/FVC ratio), and quality of life were calculated based on the random-effects model. Twenty RCTs (n = 1975 COPD patients) were included in this review, with sum scores of the adapted PEDro scale between 5 and 9. Study results of meta-analysis indicate that Baduanjin is effective in improving exercise capability (Hedge&rsquo;s g = 0.69, CI 0.44 to 0.94, p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 66%), FEV1 (Hedge&rsquo;s g = 0.47, CI 0.22 to 0.73, p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 68.01%), FEV1% (Hedge&rsquo;s g = 0.38, CI 0.21 to 0.56, p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 54.74%), FVC (Hedge&rsquo;s g = 0.39, CI 0.22 to 0.56, p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 14.57%), FEV1/FVC (Hedge&rsquo;s g = 0.5, CI 0.33 to 0.68, p &lt; 0.001, I2 = 53.49%), and the quality of life of COPD patients (Hedge&rsquo; s g = - 0.45, CI -0.77 to - 0.12, p &lt; 0.05, I2 = 77.02%), as compared to control groups. Baduanjin exercise as an adjunctive treatment may potentially improve exercise capability and pulmonary function of COPD patients as well as quality of life. Baduanjin exercise could be tentatively prescribed for COPD in combination with the conventional rehabilitation program to quicken the process of recovery. To confirm the positive effects of Baduanjin exercise for COPD patients, future researchers need to consider our suggestions mentioned in this article.

The Effect of Telehealth Interventions on Function and Quality of Life for Older Adults with Pre-Frailty or Frailty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482098363
Author(s):  
Elham Esfandiari ◽  
William C. Miller ◽  
Maureen C. Ashe
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect ◽  
Improve Health

Telehealth interventions improve health outcomes by increasing access to care. We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence on the effect of telehealth interventions compared with no intervention or usual care for older adults with pre-frailty or frailty for physical function, quality of life (QOL), and frailty. We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus. Two authors reviewed records and assessed risk of bias. A narrative synthesis of findings was conducted. When appropriate, the standard mean difference (SMD) was used to compare telehealth interventions with control conditions. We used GRADE to determine the certainty of the evidence. Twelve RCTs were included. Low certainty evidence highlighted positive effects for the function and mental component of QOL favoring telehealth interventions (SMD = 0.31, 95% CI = [0.15, 0.47]; and SMD = 0.43, 95% CI = [0.22, 0.64], respectively). Despite a small positive effect of telehealth interventions, insufficient, and low certainty evidence precludes making definitive recommendations.

scholarly journals Current Evidence on Traditional Chinese Exercises for Quality of Life in Patients With Essential Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Song ◽  
Jialin Li ◽  
Bíró István ◽  
Rongrong Xuan ◽  
Sheng Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Positive Effects

Essential hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases seen in primary human health care that could lead to various health problems and reduce the quality of life (QOL). This study was performed to evaluate the effects of traditional Chinese exercises (TCE) on QOL in patients with essential hypertension. Three English databases and one Chinese database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) until August 2020. A total of 13 RCTs with 1,361 hypertensive patients met the inclusion criteria, 10 trials employed Tai Chi and 3 trials employed Qigong, including Dongeui Qinggong, Yijinjing, and Wuqinxi. Despite a large heterogeneity within studies, it is demonstrated that TCE may be an effective therapy to improve the QOL of hypertensive patients. More specific, compared with no intervention, the meta-analysis presented that Tai Chi significantly improved both the physical and mental component of the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) QOL scale, and it was found that the simplified 24-form Tai Chi with a frequency of 30–50 min per session at five to eight sessions per week was the most commonly used setting. The pooling also revealed that Tai Chi and Qigong had some significantly positive effects on QOL based on other scales. However, more rigorously designed RCTs are warranted for further verification. This systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrated that Tai Chi may be an effective therapy to improve the QOL of patients with essential hypertension. All these findings provide helpful information for hypertensive patients and medical personnel.

scholarly journals The Effects of Qigong on Anxiety, Depression, and Psychological Well-Being: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jenny K. M. Man ◽  
Eun-Kyoung Othelia Lee ◽  
Taixiang Wu ◽  
Herbert Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Introduction. The effect of Qigong on psychological well-being is relatively unknown. This study systematically reviewed the effects of Qigong on anxiety, depression, and psychological well-being.Methods. Using fifteen studies published between 2001 and 2011, a systematic review was carried out and meta-analyses were performed on studies with appropriate homogeneity. The quality of the outcome measures was also assessed.Results. We categorized these studies into three groups based on the type of subjects involved as follows: (1) healthy subjects, (2) subjects with chronic illnesses, and (3) subjects with depression. Based on the heterogeneity assessment of available studies, meta-analyses were conducted in three studies of patients with type II diabetes in the second group, which suggested that Qigong was effective in reducing depression (ES=−0.29; 95% CI, −0.58–0.00) and anxiety (ES=−0.37; 95% CI, −0.66–0.08), as measured by Symptom Checklist 90, and in improving psychological well-being (ES=−0.58; 95% CI, −0.91–0.25) as measured by Diabetes Specific Quality of Life Scale. Overall, the quality of research methodology of existing studies was poor.Conclusions. Preliminary evidence suggests that Gigong may have positive effects on psychological well-being among patients with chronic illnesses. However the published studies generally had significant methodological limitations. More high-quality studies are needed.

scholarly journals Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 233121652199956
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Almufarrij ◽  
Harvey Dillon ◽  
Kevin J. Munro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Minimum Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

This systematic review, the first on this topic, aimed to investigate if probe-tube verification of real-ear hearing aid amplification characteristics improves outcomes in adults. The review was preregistered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. After assessing more than 1,420 records from seven databases, six experimental studies (published between 2012 and 2019) met the inclusion criteria; five were included in the meta-analyses. The primary outcome of interest (hearing-specific, health-related quality of life) was not reported in any study. There were moderate and statistically significant positive effects of probe-tube real-ear measurement (REM), compared with the manufacturer’s initial fit, on speech intelligibility in quiet settings (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.59) and user’s final preference (proportion difference: 52.2%). There were small but statistically significant positive effects of REM on self-reported listening abilities (SMD: 0.22) and speech intelligibility in noise (SMD: 0.15). The quality of evidence for these outcomes ranged from high to very low. The findings show that REMs improve outcomes statistically, but this is based on a small number of studies and a limited number of participants. It is currently unclear if the benefits are of material importance because minimum clinically important differences have not been established for most of the outcomes. Ultimately, there needs to be a cost-effectiveness analysis to show that statistically significant benefits, which exceed the minimum clinically important difference, are worth the cost involved.

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