scholarly journals Bi-Directional Mutual Energy Trade between Smart Grid and Energy Districts Using Renewable Energy Credits

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3088
Author(s):  
Sana Rehman ◽  
Bilal Khan ◽  
Jawad Arif ◽  
Zahid Ullah ◽  
Abdullah J. Aljuhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
And Control

A central authority, in a conventional centralized energy trading market, superintends energy and financial transactions. The central authority manages and controls transparent energy trading between producer and consumer, imposes a penalty in case of contract violation, and disburses numerous rewards. However, the management and control through the third party pose a significant threat to the security and privacy of consumers’/producers’ (participants) profiles. The energy transactions between participants involving central authority utilize users’ time, money, and impose a computational burden over the central controlling authority. The Blockchain-based decentralized energy transaction concept, bypassing the central authority, is proposed in Smart Grid (SG) by researchers. Blockchain technology braces the concept of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) energy transactions. This work encompasses the SolarCoin-based digital currency blockchain model for SG incorporating RE. Energy transactions from Prosumer (P) to Prosumer, Energy District to Energy District, and Energy District to SG are thoroughly investigated and analyzed in this work. A robust demand-side optimized model is proposed using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to maximize Prosumer Energy Surplus (PES), Grid revenue (GR), percentage energy transactions accomplished, and decreased Prosumer Energy Cost (PEC). Real-time averaged energy data of Australia are employed, and a piece-wise energy price mechanism is implemented in this work. The graphical analysis and tabular statistics manifest the efficacy of the proposed model.

scholarly journals Blockchain in Smart Grids: A Review on Different Use Cases

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 4862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejasvi Alladi ◽  
Vinay Chamola ◽  
Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues ◽  
Sergei A. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Efficient Data ◽  
Privacy Issues ◽  
The Internet Of Things

With the integration of Wireless Sensor Networks and the Internet of Things, the smart grid is being projected as a solution for the challenges regarding electricity supply in the future. However, security and privacy issues in the consumption and trading of electricity data pose serious challenges in the adoption of the smart grid. To address these challenges, blockchain technology is being researched for applicability in the smart grid. In this paper, important application areas of blockchain in the smart grid are discussed. One use case of each area is discussed in detail, suggesting a suitable blockchain architecture, a sample block structure and the potential blockchain technicalities employed in it. The blockchain can be used for peer-to-peer energy trading, where a credit-based payment scheme can enhance the energy trading process. Efficient data aggregation schemes based on the blockchain technology can be used to overcome the challenges related to privacy and security in the grid. Energy distribution systems can also use blockchain to remotely control energy flow to a particular area by monitoring the usage statistics of that area. Further, blockchain-based frameworks can also help in the diagnosis and maintenance of smart grid equipment. We also discuss several commercial implementations of blockchain in the smart grid. Finally, various challenges to be addressed for integrating these two technologies are discussed.

scholarly journals Security Analysis on the Decentralized Energy Trading System Using Blockchain Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandi Rahmadika ◽  
Diena Rauda Ramdania ◽  
Maisevli Harika
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Decentralized Energy

Blockchain turns both currencies and commodities into a digital form without relying on middleman which allows one person to trade with another include trading the renewable energy. Blockchain technology as a secure and low-cost platform to track the billions of eventual transactions in a distributed energy economy has attracted the attention of experts in various fields of science. The current form of centralized energy trading system is still suffering from security concerns, quality of service, and to name a few. A decentralized energy system using blockchain technology allows the parties to create a trading energy transaction via microgrid. The blockchain technology offers the promise of an immutable, single source of truth from multiple sources without a third-party involvement. In this paper, we describe, explore and analyze the prominent implementation of blockchain technology in the energy sector. Furthermore, we analyze the security issues and highlight the performance of several attacks that might be occurred in the proposed system.

CYBERSECURITY ARCHITECTURE FOR THE INTERNET OF MEDICAL THINGS AND CONNECTED DEVICES USING BLOCKCHAIN

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150013
Author(s):  
Muhammad Elsayeh ◽  
Kadry Ali Ezzat ◽  
Hany El-Nashar ◽  
Lamia Nabil Omran
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Huge Data ◽  
Internet Of Medical Things

The internet of medical things (IoMT) has a great role in improving the health around the world. IoMT is having a great impact in our life in which the clinical data of the patient is observed and checked and then can be transferred to the third party for using in the future such as the cloud. IoMT is a huge data system with a continuous developing rate, which implies that we should keep a lot of data secure. We propose a combined security architecture that fuses the standard architecture and new blockchain technology. Blockchain is a temper digital ledger which gives peer-to-peer communication and provides communication between non-trust individuals. Using standard in-depth strategy and blockchain, we are able to develop a method to collect vital signs data from IoMT and connected devices and use blockchain to store and retrieve the collected data in a secure and decentralized fashion within a closed system, suitable for healthcare providers such as private clinics, hospitals, and healthcare organizations were sharing data with each other is required. Right now initially examine the innovation behind Blockchain then propose IoMT-based security architecture utilizing Blockchain to guarantee the security of information transmission between associated nodes. Experimental analysis shows that the proposed scheme presents a non-significant overhead; yet it brings major advantages to meet the standard security and privacy requirements in IoMT.

Issues and Challenges (Privacy, Security, and Trust) in Blockchain-Based Applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 196-209
Author(s):  
Siddharth M. Nair ◽  
Varsha Ramesh ◽  
Amit Kumar Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
And Control ◽  
Near Future

The major issues and challenges in blockchain over internet of things are security, privacy, and usability. Confidentiality, authentication, and control are the challenges faced in security issue. Hence, this chapter will discuss the challenges and opportunities from the prospective of security and privacy of data in blockchain (with respect to security and privacy community point of view). Furthermore, the authors will provide some future trends that blockchain technology may adapt in the near future (in brief).

scholarly journals A Research on impact of Blockchain in Healthcare

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Location Sharing ◽  
Authentication And Authorization ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Remote Patient ◽  
Education Science

Blockchain refers to a distributed ledger technology that represents an innovation in recording and sharing information without the need for a trusted third party. Blockchain technology offers new tools for security and privacy concerns. Marching towards digitization and analytics, this technology emerges as a promising solution for authentication and authorization issues. It sounds so amazing that this technology that originated with cryptocurrencies could not only be applied in digital contracts, financial and public records, and property ownership but also in medicine, education, science and so on. The use case of this technology springs up in every possible direction. This article first analyses the need for this breakthrough technology and explains how this technology works. This work presents a review on various types of blockchain, the consensus mechanisms used, their advantages and limitations. It provides an overview on the various use cases of this technology. This work mainly focuses on its application in Healthcare. The goal of this article is to analyze the usage of Blockchain technology in various fields of Healthcare such as Electronic Health Record, Health Insurance, Biomedical Research, Drug Supply, Medical Education, Remote Patient Monitoring, Interoperability, Location Sharing etc., It investigates the current research trends and finds the gaps and limitations of these approaches. Moreover, it proposes some enhancements to fill in the gaps in the present approach. This work also analyses the importance of Wearable Internet of Things (IoT) devices in HealthCare and the integration of these devices with Blockchain. Finally, this work concludes by comparing Blockchain 3.0 with previous versions.

scholarly journals Survey on Blockchain for Smart Grid Management, Control, and Operation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Yohannes T. Aklilu ◽  
Jianguo Ding
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Grid Management

Power generation, distribution, transmission, and consumption face ongoing challenges such as smart grid management, control, and operation, resulting from high energy demand, the diversity of energy sources, and environmental or regulatory issues. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of blockchain-based solutions for smart grid management, control, and operations. We systematically summarize existing work on the use and implementation of blockchain technology in various smart grid domains. The paper compares related reviews and highlights the challenges in the management, control, and operation for a blockchain-based smart grid as well as future research directions in the five categories: collaboration among stakeholders; data analysis and data management; control of grid imbalances; decentralization of grid management and operations; and security and privacy. All these aspects have not been covered in previous reviews.

scholarly journals Design of a Secure Energy Trading Model Based on a Blockchain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1634
Author(s):  
Hoon Ko ◽  
Isabel Praça
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Data Control ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
Trading Model ◽  
Current Energy ◽  
User Security

This study proposes a Secure Energy Trading Model design based on a Blockchain is an attempt to overcome the weak security and instability of the current energy trading system. The focal point of the design lies in the user-security features of the model, such as user authentication and identification, and the blockchain that every transaction goes through. The user-security feature provides a safer system for peer-to-peer energy trade, and the blockchain technology ensures the reliability of the trading system. Furthermore, the Secure Energy Trading Model supports a decentralized data control mechanism as a future measure for handling vast amounts of data created by IoT.

scholarly journals BLOCKCHAIN IN EDUCATION: HOW TO MANAGE STUDENT CREDITS OF HIGHER EDUCATION THROUGH THE BLOCKCHAIN?

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
B.A. Kumalakov ◽  
◽  
Y. Shakan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Party Organization ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Information Safety ◽  
The Creation ◽  
And Control

Currently, technologies are developing very quickly and the need for information security is constantly increasing. In this connection, Blockchain technology is becoming in demand, which allows us to keep information safety and integrity. In addition, the technology enables the creation of a decentralized environment where transactions and data are take place without any third party organization. We proposed a decentralized web resource based on the Ethereum platform for managing student credits. The decentralized application (Dapp), will process, manage and control tokens, which represent credits that students gain for completed certain courses. The credit system is a first step towards a more transparent and technologically advanced form which could be used by universities and students to manage credits. The novelty of this scientific research is the creation of a web-based information resource based on Blockchain technology. Thanks to this resource, it becomes possible to track students' grades and receive reliable information about higher education. This completely eliminates the possibility of making changes to existing records.

Security, Privacy, and Trust Management and Performance Optimization of Blockchain

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
Priti Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Achintya Singhal ◽  
Shantanu Saurabh ◽  
V. D. Ambeth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Trust Management ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Network System ◽  
Distributed Network ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
And Performance

Blockchain provides innovative ideas for storing information, executing transactions, performing functions, creating trust in an open environment, etc. Even though cryptographers, mathematicians, and coders have been trying to bring the most trustable protocols to get authentication guarantee over various systems, blockchain technology is secure with no central authority in an open network system because of a large distributed network of independent users. If anyone tries to change the blockchain database, the current hash will also change, which does not match with the previous hash. In this way, blockchain creates privacy and trust in digital data by removing malleability attacks. In this chapter, security and privacy on the blockchain has been focused. The safety and privacy of blockchain are mainly engrossed on two things: firstly, uncovering few attacks suffered by blockchain systems and, secondly, putting specific and advanced proposals against such attacks.

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