scholarly journals Non-Contact Inspection of Railhead via Laser-Generated Rayleigh Waves and an Enhanced Matching Pursuit to Assist Detection of Surface and Subsurface Defects

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2994
Author(s):  
Imran Ghafoor ◽  
Peter W. Tse ◽  
Javad Rostami ◽  
Kim-Ming Ng
Keyword(s):  
Rayleigh Wave ◽  
Rayleigh Waves ◽  
Matching Pursuit ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Noise Removal ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Laser Ultrasonic ◽  
Ultrasonic Technology

Laser ultrasonic technology can provide a non-contact, reliable and efficient inspection of train rails. However, the laser-generated signals measured at the railhead are usually contaminated with a high level of noise and unwanted wave components that complicate the identification of defect echoes in the signal. This study explores the possibility of combining laser ultrasonic technology (LUT) and an enhanced matching pursuit (MP) to achieve a fully non-contact inspection of the rail track. A completely non-contact laser-based inspection system was used to generate and sense Rayleigh waves to detect artificial surface horizontal, surface edge, subsurface horizontal and subsurface vertical defects created at railheads of different dimensions. MP was enhanced by developing two novel dictionaries, which include a finite element method (FEM) simulation dictionary and an experimental dictionary. The enhanced MP was used to analyze the experimentally obtained laser-generated Rayleigh wave signals. The results show that the enhanced MP is highly effective in detecting defects by suppressing noise, and, further, it could also overcome the deficiency in the low repeatability of the laser-generated signals. The comparative analysis of MP with both the FEM simulation and experimental dictionaries shows that the enhanced MP with the FEM simulation dictionary is highly efficient in both noise removal and defect detection from the experimental signals captured by a laser-generated ultrasonic inspection system. The major novelty contributed by this research work is the enhanced MP method with the developments of, first, an FEM simulation dictionary and, second, an experimental dictionary that is especially suited for Rayleigh wave signals. Third, the enhanced MP dictionaries are created to process the Rayleigh wave signals generated by laser excitation and received using a 3D laser scanner. Fourth, we introduce a pioneer application of such laser-generated Rayleigh waves for inspecting surface and subsurface detects occurring in train rails.

Quantification of Effects of Ridge and Valley Topography on the Rayleigh Wave Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850007 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Narayan ◽  
A. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Rayleigh Wave ◽  
Rayleigh Waves ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Staggered Grid ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Shape Ratio ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Ridge And Valley

The effects of ridge and valley on the characteristics of Rayleigh waves are presented in this paper. The research work carried out has been stimulated by the day by day increase of long-span structures in the hilly areas which are largely affected by the spatial variability in ground motion caused by the high-frequency Rayleigh waves. The Rayleigh wave responses of the considered triangular and elliptical ridge and valley models were computed using a fourth-order accurate staggered-grid viscoelastic P-SV wave finite-difference (FD) program. The simulated results revealed very large amplification of the horizontal component and de-amplification of the vertical component of Rayleigh wave at the top of a triangular ridge and de-amplification of both the components at the base of the triangular valley. The observed amplification of both the components of Rayleigh wave in front of elliptical valley was larger than triangular valley models. A splitting of the Rayleigh wave wavelet was inferred after interaction with ridge and valley. It is concluded that the large-scale topography acts as a natural insulator for the surface waves and the insulating capacity of the valley is more than that of a ridge. This insulation phenomenon is arising due to the reflection, diffraction and splitting of the surface wave while moving across the topography. It is concluded that insulating potential of the topography for the Rayleigh waves largely depends on their shape and shape-ratio.

scholarly journals Measurement Capability of Laser Ultrasonic Inspection System for Evaluation of Ball-Grid Array Package Solder Balls

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Vishnu V. B. Reddy ◽  
Jaimal Williamson ◽  
Suresh K. Sitaraman
Keyword(s):  
Flip Chip ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Ball Grid Array ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Laser Ultrasonic ◽  
Fiber Array ◽  
Measurement Capability ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Ball Grid Array Packages

Abstract Laser ultrasonic inspection is a novel, noncontact, and nondestructive technique to evaluate the quality of solder interconnections in microelectronic packages. In this technique, identification of defects or failures in solder interconnections is performed by comparing the out-of-plane displacement signals, which are produced from the propagation of ultrasonic waves, from a known good reference sample and sample under test. The laboratory-scale dual-fiber array laser ultrasonic inspection system has successfully demonstrated identifying the defects and failures in the solder interconnections in advanced microelectronic packages such as chip-scale packages, plastic ball grid array packages, and flip-chip ball grid array packages. However, the success of any metrology system depends upon precise and accurate data to be useful in the microelectronic industry. This paper has demonstrated the measurement capability of the dual-fiber array laser ultrasonic inspection system using gage repeatability and reproducibility analysis. Industrial flip-chip ball grid array packages have been used for conducting experiments using the laser ultrasonic inspection system and the inspection data are used to perform repeatability and reproducibility analysis. Gage repeatability and reproducibility studies have also been used to choose a known good reference sample for comparing the samples under test.

The Present Development Situation of Laser Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing Signal Processing System

2012 ◽  
Vol 532-533 ◽  
pp. 369-373
Author(s):  
Lie Xiang Xia ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Yong Zhong Ma ◽  
Xiao Ning An
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Matching Pursuit ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing ◽  
Laser Ultrasonic ◽  
Signal Processing System

Currently, laser ultrasonic nondestructive testing is the best application prospect of nondestructive testing methods. This paper expounds the mechanism and the qualitative analysis of the common defects of the laser ultrasonic inspection and introduces the application of matching pursuit algorithm guided wave testing technology in signal processing. This paper focuses on the laser ultrasonic detection system and analysis of the detected data using the finite element method.

Automated Laser Ultrasonic Inspection of Hybrid Laser Arc Welding for Pipeline Construction

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin B. Klein ◽  
Homayoon Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Ultrasonic Testing ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Laser Ultrasonic ◽  
Hybrid Laser Arc Welding ◽  
Pipeline Construction ◽  
Weld Inspection ◽  
Pipeline Welding

Hybrid laser arc welding (HLAW) is a technology that promises to increase the efficiency of welded fabrication. By incorporating automation, and integrating an automated inspection system, HLAW can produce high quality welds at higher production rates and lower costs compared to even the most advanced pipeline welding system that is in use today. As the HLAW technique is developed and implemented for pipeline construction, it is important to develop an associated automated technique for weld inspection. We have applied automated laser ultrasonic testing (ALUT) to the important requirement of the in-line monitoring of new HLAW welds in the field. Laser ultrasonic testing (LUT) offers the advantage of true in-process measurement, providing immediate information on weld integrity. In this paper, we will describe our efforts to apply LUT to pipeline girth weld inspection. The technology development process and the integration into an HLAW system will be described.

Design of a Parallel Ultrasonic Inspection System for Wheels of High Speed Trains

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 2007-2010
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Zhi Ling Sun ◽  
Qi Chang Guo ◽  
Min Quan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Processing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Host Computer ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Ultrasonic Technology ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
Inspection Data

This thesis proposes a new inspection system for wheels of high speed trains, using Piezoelectric ultrasonic technology and parallel processing technology. This system allows all the wheelsets mounted in a train to be inspected within a few minutes. When a train passes through the testing line at low speed(3-5Km/h), wheel tread contact with the probe arrays in turn, which are installed inside of a special rails. Meanwhile, ultrasonic controllers stimulate the probes , collect inspection data and transfer the data to the host computer. Application results in field are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed structure.

LASER ULTRASONIC INSPECTION SYSTEM WITH A 3D SURFACE PROFILOMETRY TO DETECT SURFACE CRACKS

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1051-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEUNG-KYU PARK ◽  
SUNG-HOON BAIK ◽  
HYUNG-KI CHA ◽  
YONG-MOO CHEONG ◽  
WOON-IL KIM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Crack ◽  
Crack Detection ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
Laser Ultrasonic ◽  
Surface Profilometry ◽  
3D Surface

We have developed a nondestructive surface-crack detection system by using laser ultrasound and optical 3D surface profilometry. The system can robustly acquire crack information by using the laser ultrasonic analysis data with visual surface profiling data where both data are produced by the same line-shaped pulse laser beam. By the help of the visual 3D shape data for a surface crack, this ultrasonic inspection system can provide reliable surface crack information. In this paper, the hardware configuration of the combined nondestructive laser inspection system to detect surface cracks will be described. Also, the experimental results to detect multi surface cracks by using the developed system will be presented.

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