scholarly journals An Anatomical Thermal 3D Model in Preclinical Research: Combining CT and Thermal Images

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Franziska Schollemann ◽  
Carina Barbosa Pereira ◽  
Stefanie Rosenhain ◽  
Andreas Follmann ◽  
Felix Gremse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Animal Suffering ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Animal Trials ◽  
Superficial Skin ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
3D Information

Even though animal trials are a controversial topic, they provide knowledge about diseases and the course of infections in a medical context. To refine the detection of abnormalities that can cause pain and stress to the animal as early as possible, new processes must be developed. Due to its noninvasive nature, thermal imaging is increasingly used for severity assessment in animal-based research. Within a multimodal approach, thermal images combined with anatomical information could be used to simulate the inner temperature profile, thereby allowing the detection of deep-seated infections. This paper presents the generation of anatomical thermal 3D models, forming the underlying multimodal model in this simulation. These models combine anatomical 3D information based on computed tomography (CT) data with a registered thermal shell measured with infrared thermography. The process of generating these models consists of data acquisition (both thermal images and CT), camera calibration, image processing methods, and structure from motion (SfM), among others. Anatomical thermal 3D models were successfully generated using three anesthetized mice. Due to the image processing improvement, the process was also realized for areas with few features, which increases the transferability of the process. The result of this multimodal registration in 3D space can be viewed and analyzed within a visualization tool. Individual CT slices can be analyzed axially, sagittally, and coronally with the corresponding superficial skin temperature distribution. This is an important and successfully implemented milestone on the way to simulating the internal temperature profile. Using this temperature profile, deep-seated infections and inflammation can be detected in order to reduce animal suffering.

scholarly journals Endoscopic measurement of nasal septum perforations

HNO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Rosenthal ◽  
Eric L. Wisotzky ◽  
Carsten Matuschek ◽  
Melanie Hobl ◽  
Anna Hilsmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Endoscopic Method ◽  
3D Endoscope ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
3D Information

Abstract Background Nasal septum perforations (NSP) have many uncomfortable symptoms for the patient and a highly negative impact on quality of life. NSPs are closed using patient-specific implants or surgery. Implants are created either under anesthesia using silicone impressions or using 3D models from CT data. Disadvantages for patient safety are the increased risk of morbidity or radiation exposure. Materials and methods In the context of otorhinolaryngologic surgery, we present a gentle approach to treating NSP with a new image-based, contactless, and radiation-free measurement method using a 3D endoscope. The method relies on image information only and makes use of real-time capable computer vision algorithms to compute 3D information. This endoscopic method can be repeated as often as desired in the clinical course and has already proven its accuracy and robustness for robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) and surgical microscopy. We expand our method for nasal surgery, as there are additional spatial and stereoperspective challenges. Results After measuring 3 relevant parameters (NSP extension: axial, coronal, and NSP circumference) of 6 patients and comparing the results of 2 stereoendoscopes with CT data, it was shown that the image-based measurements can achieve comparable accuracies to CT data. One patient could be only partially evaluated because the NSP was larger than the endoscopic field of view. Conclusion Based on the very good measurements, we outline a therapeutic procedure which should enable the production of patient-specific NSP implants based on endoscopic data only.

scholarly journals 3D-Volume Rendering of the Pelvis with Emphasis on Paraurethral Structures Based on MRI Scans and Comparisons between 3D Slicer and OsiriX®

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Durnea ◽  
S. Siddiqi ◽  
D. Nazarian ◽  
G. Munneke ◽  
P. M. Sedgwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
3D Slicer ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
3D Volume ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractThe feasibility of rendering three dimensional (3D) pelvic models of vaginal, urethral and paraurethral lesions from 2D MRI has been demonstrated previously. To quantitatively compare 3D models using two different image processing applications: 3D Slicer and OsiriX. Secondary analysis and processing of five MRI scan based image sets from female patients aged 29–43 years old with vaginal or paraurethral lesions. Cross sectional image sets were used to create 3D models of the pelvic structures with 3D Slicer and OsiriX image processing applications. The linear dimensions of the models created using the two different methods were compared using Bland-Altman plots. The comparisons demonstrated good agreement between measurements from the two applications. The two data sets obtained from different image processing methods demonstrated good agreement. Both 3D Slicer and OsiriX can be used interchangeably and produce almost similar results. The clinical role of this investigation modality remains to be further evaluated.

scholarly journals Virtual Archaeology of Death and Burial: A Procedure for Integrating 3D Visualization and Analysis in Archaeothanatology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 540-555
Author(s):  
Hayley L. Mickleburgh ◽  
Liv Nilsson Stutz ◽  
Harry Fokkens
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Archaeology Of Death ◽  
Human Burials ◽  
3D Information

Abstract The reconstruction of past mortuary rituals and practices increasingly incorporates analysis of the taphonomic history of the grave and buried body, using the framework provided by archaeothanatology. Archaeothanatological analysis relies on interpretation of the three-dimensional (3D) relationship of bones within the grave and traditionally depends on elaborate written descriptions and two-dimensional (2D) images of the remains during excavation to capture this spatial information. With the rapid development of inexpensive 3D tools, digital replicas (3D models) are now commonly available to preserve 3D information on human burials during excavation. A procedure developed using a test case to enhance archaeothanatological analysis and improve post-excavation analysis of human burials is described. Beyond preservation of static spatial information, 3D visualization techniques can be used in archaeothanatology to reconstruct the spatial displacement of bones over time, from deposition of the body to excavation of the skeletonized remains. The purpose of the procedure is to produce 3D simulations to visualize and test archaeothanatological hypotheses, thereby augmenting traditional archaeothanatological analysis. We illustrate our approach with the reconstruction of mortuary practices and burial taphonomy of a Bell Beaker burial from the site of Oostwoud-Tuithoorn, West-Frisia, the Netherlands. This case study was selected as the test case because of its relatively complete context information. The test case shows the potential for application of the procedure to older 2D field documentation, even when the amount and detail of documentation is less than ideal.

AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION OF BREAST TISSUE THERMAL IMAGES

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Heidari ◽  
Mehrdad Dadgostar ◽  
Zahra Einalou
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Invasive Method

Breast cancer is one of the main causes of women’s death. Thermal breast imaging is one the non-invasive method for cancer at early stage diagnosis. In contrast to mammography this method is cheap and painless and it can be used during pregnancy while ionized beams are not used. Specialists are seeking new ways to diagnose the cancer in early stages. Segmentation of the breast tissue is one of the most indispensable stages in most of the cancer diagnosis methods. By the advancement of infrared precise cameras, new and fast computers and nouvelle image processing approaches, it is feasible to use thermal imaging for diagnosis of breast cancer at early stages. Since the breast form is different in individuals, image segmentation is a hard task and semi-automatic or manual methods are usual in investigations. In this research the image data base of DMR-IR has been utilized and a now automatic approach has been proposed which does not need learning. Data were included 159 gray images used by dynamic protocol (132 healthy and 27 patients). In this study, by combination of different image processing methods, the segmentation of thermal images of the breast tissues have been completed automatically and results show the proper performance of recommended method.

Sweet Citrus Fruit Detection in Thermal Images Using Fuzzy Image Processing

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-193
Author(s):  
Ingrid Lorena Argote Pedraza ◽  
John Faber Archila Diaz ◽  
Renan Moreira Pinto ◽  
Marcelo Becker ◽  
Mario Luiz Tronco
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Fuzzy Image

scholarly journals Automated processing of thermal imaging to detect COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Y. Brzezinski ◽  
Neta Rabin ◽  
Nir Lewis ◽  
Racheli Peled ◽  
Ariel Kerpel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms

ABSTRACTRapid and sensitive screening tools for SARS-CoV-2 infection are essential to limit the spread of COVID-19 and to properly allocate national resources. Here, we developed a new point-of-care, non-contact thermal imaging tool to detect COVID-19, based on image-processing algorithms and machine learning analysis. We captured thermal images of the back of individuals with and without COVID-19 using a portable thermal camera that connects directly to smartphones. Our novel image processing algorithms automatically extracted multiple texture and shape features of the thermal images and achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.85 in detecting COVID-19 with up to 92% sensitivity. Thermal imaging scores were inversely correlated with clinical variables associated with COVID-19 disease progression. We show, for the first time, that a hand-held thermal imaging device can be used to detect COVID-19. Non-invasive thermal imaging could be used to screen for COVID-19 in out-of-hospital settings, especially in low-income regions with limited imaging resources.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING INTEROPERABILITY CAPABILITIES BETWEEN IFC AND CITYGML LOD 4 – RETAINING SEMANTIC INFORMATION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W10 ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Floros ◽  
C. Ellul ◽  
E. Dimopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Information ◽  
Open Data ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Consistent Manner ◽  
3D Information ◽  
City Models

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Applications of 3D City Models range from assessing the potential output of solar panels across a city to determining the best location for 5G mobile phone masts. While in the past these models were not readily available, the rapid increase of available data from sources such as Open Data (e.g. OpenStreetMap), National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies and increasingly Building Information Models facilitates the implementation of increasingly detailed 3D Models. However, these sources also generate integration challenges relating to heterogeneity, storage and efficient management and visualization. CityGML and IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) are two standards that serve different application domains (GIS and BIM) and are commonly used to store and share 3D information. The ability to convert data from IFC to CityGML in a consistent manner could generate 3D City Models able to represent an entire city, but that also include detailed geometric and semantic information regarding its elements. However, CityGML and IFC present major differences in their schemas, rendering interoperability a challenging task, particularly when details of a building’s internal structure are considered (Level of Detail 4 in CityGML). The aim of this paper is to investigate interoperability options between the aforementioned standards, by converting IFC models to CityGML LoD 4 Models. The CityGML Models are then semantically enriched and the proposed methodology is assessed in terms of model’s geometric validity and capability to preserve semantics.</p>

scholarly journals From local to regional 3D litho-structural modelling: a methodology towards multi-scale landslide susceptibility and hazard assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Guillen ◽  
Séverine Caritg ◽  
Pierre Bourbon ◽  
Thomas Dewez ◽  
Clara Lévy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Landslide Susceptibility ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Regional Model ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Geological Models ◽  
3D Information ◽  
Basque Coast

&lt;p&gt;A 3D litho-structural model synthetizes a geological setting by defining 3D geometries of lithological layers considering stratigraphic relationships, weathering and tectonics. It combines quantitative and qualitative data from different dimensions and acquisition types (field measures and observations, geophysics, boreholes, DEM) into a single structured database. This aesthetic 3D representation enables to work on the same object, despite different sources of datasets, making it a highly useful integrative tool for various ways to monitor and analyze landslides prone areas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This type of model is used on site scale for large phenomena, for a better understanding of their internal structure and to extract information to be included for failure numerical modelling. However, there are a very few examples of 3D geological models used for large areas subject to spatially limited events. Indeed, the transition from 2D to 3D information remains difficult, especially in case of sparse input data, reinforcing 3D interpretation uncertainties and decreasing the robustness of the model. Thus, most of regional scale geological 3D models used for landslides analyses are simplified and the different lithological layers used for susceptibility and hazard assessments suffer from uncertainties difficult to quantify.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The aim of this contribution is to show how two local scale 3D geological models can contribute and improve the robustness of a regional 3D geological model for the purpose of landslide susceptibility and hazard assessment. The local and regional 3D geological models integrate different data types of uneven quality by successive iterations, to interpret structural and lithological layers geometries with GeoModeller. This software is based on cokriging calculation method of orientation and location of geological interfaces and faults. The regional model will be compared to the local 3D models results, as references to assess regional model uncertainties. This iterative process enables to improve each 3D model with different data sets from one scale to another. Still, models results must be confirmed by field validation to reduce uncertainties as much as possible.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study focuses on the 40 km long French Basque coast in the southwest of France, which presents complex faulting and geological heterogeneities inherited from the Pyrenean orogeny &amp;#8211; these are relatively well mapped along the shore. Both of the local sites are different and characteristic of regional coastal geomorphological types and of specific lithological formations. These are made of flyschs, limestones and marls, the top of which are more or less weathered and capped by Quaternary detritic formations of variable thickness. This coast is subject to various types of shallow and moderately deep instabilities (slides, rockfalls and flows). By defining the geometry of lithology and faults, the 3D models results will enable to:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Characterize how lithology and structures, as predisposition factors, influence landslides susceptibility to specific landslide types,&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Integrate lithological layers and structural discontinuities to physical-based models to assess landslide susceptibility and hazard on regional (1 : 25,000) and on local (1 : 2,500) scales,&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Improve the geological knowledge of the French Basque coast.&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt;

Clinical application of three-dimensional printing to the management of complex univentricular hearts with abnormal systemic or pulmonary venous drainage

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1248-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eimear McGovern ◽  
Eoin Kelleher ◽  
Aisling Snow ◽  
Kevin Walsh ◽  
Bassem Gadallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Anomalies ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Dimensional Printing

AbstractIn recent years, three-dimensional printing has demonstrated reliable reproducibility of several organs including hearts with complex congenital cardiac anomalies. This represents the next step in advanced image processing and can be used to plan surgical repair. In this study, we describe three children with complex univentricular hearts and abnormal systemic or pulmonary venous drainage, in whom three-dimensional printed models based on CT data assisted with preoperative planning. For two children, after group discussion and examination of the models, a decision was made not to proceed with surgery. We extend the current clinical experience with three-dimensional printed modelling and discuss the benefits of such models in the setting of managing complex surgical problems in children with univentricular circulation and abnormal systemic or pulmonary venous drainage.

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