scholarly journals Abdominal Stiffness Evaluation in Massage for Constipation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1192
Author(s):  
Yunyi Wang ◽  
Chiaki Sakakibara ◽  
Miho Shogenji ◽  
Mikako Yoshida ◽  
Tetsuyou Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Contact Detection ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Stiffness Evaluation ◽  
Deformation Length ◽  
Stiffness Sensor ◽  
Abdominal Massage ◽  
The Relationship

According to the experience of nurses and physiotherapists, the abdomen of constipated people becomes softer after abdominal massage. However, the relationship between the decrease in abdominal stiffness and the benefits of abdominal massage has not been examined quantitatively and is unclear. Furthermore, devices for measuring stiffness have been designed to measure relatively hard areas such as the shoulders and do not take into account the lateral outflow of the target tissue, which can be a problem when measuring the stiffness of soft areas such as the abdomen. To address these issues, this study presents a stiffness sensor suitable for measuring abdominal stiffness and investigates the relationship between the reduction in abdominal stiffness and the benefits of abdominal massage. The solution to prevent the lateral outflow of the target is the realization of a stopper, including a contact detection device, which enables a wide-area contact around the targeted area. The sensor consists of a stopper, probe, spring, and time-of-flight (ToF) sensors. The probe and spring provide appropriate pressure and deformation to the abdomen, whereas the stopper prevents the probe from being pushed into the abdomen more than necessary. The ToF sensor measures the deformation length when the deformation is stopped by the stopper. The abdominal stiffness can be derived from the deformation length. The investigation results indicate that the reduction in abdominal stiffness corresponds to the improvement of the stool condition or the maintenance of a healthy stool condition, whereas the maintenance of abdominal stiffness indicates the maintenance or deterioration of the stool condition.

Modelling levitated 2-lobed droplets in rotation using Cassinian oval curves

2018 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 1088-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruki Ishikawa ◽  
Katsuhiro Nishinari
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Stationary Solutions ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Deformation Length ◽  
Central Cross Section ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

A simple model of rotating 2-lobed droplets is proposed by setting the outline shape of the droplet to the Cassinian oval, a mathematical curve that closely resembles in shape. By deriving the governing equation of the proposed model and obtaining its stationary solutions, the relationship between the angular velocity of rotation and the maximum deformation length is explicitly and precisely calculated. The linear stability analysis is performed for the stationary solutions, and it is demonstrated that the stability of the solutions depends only on the ratio of the deformation length to the radius of the central cross-section of the droplet, which is independent of the physical properties of the droplet. Via comparison with an experimental study, it is observed that the calculated result is consistent with the deformation behaviour of actual 2-lobed droplets in the range where the stationary solution of the proposed model is linearly stable. Therefore, the proposed model is a suitable model for reproducing the steady deformation behaviour of 2-lobed droplets in a wide range of viscosities, surface tensions, densities and initial radii of the droplet, and especially if the viscosity of the droplet is low, the entire process of deformation of the 2-lobed droplet, including the unsteady breakup process, can be very well reproduced by the proposed model.

Study on the AE Signal Based Grinding Contact Detection Method for Thin-Walled Ceramic Materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 626-627 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Gui Jie Liu ◽  
Q.L. Zhang ◽  
S.F. Zhu ◽  
K.S. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Contact Detection ◽  
Mechanism Study ◽  
Hard And Brittle Materials ◽  
Grinding Mechanism ◽  
Ae Signal ◽  
Feeding Control ◽  
Grinding Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship

Engineering ceramics are hard and brittle materials, that is very easy to crack when grinding, and processing mechanism is rather complex than that of metallic materials. One kind of AE signal based grinding contact detection and feeding control method for ceramic material processing is presented in this paper based on ceramic grinding mechanism study. Through a large number of experimental data analyzing, the relationship between grinding touch and the feature of AE signals is obtained, and the automatic and intelligent grinding process can be realized by grinding contact signal driving grinding numeral program. Application results indicate this method can prove grinding efficiency and process quality.

New Technology for NDT Weld Inspections – Phased Arrays and Diffraction Sizing

2008 ◽  
Vol 580-582 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Simon Labbé ◽  
Michael Moles
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Phased Arrays ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Time Of Flight Diffraction ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Pulse Echo ◽  
The Relationship

This article describes new techniques and technology for inspecting welds using automated ultrasonics. The prime new technology is phased arrays, while the new techniques are Time-of-Flight Diffraction and S-scan back diffraction. The relationship of phased arrays with North American codes is briefly given, along with an inspection result, comparing radiography, pulse-echo phased arrays and TOFD.

Relationship Between the Dose Administered, Target Tissue Dose, and Toxicity Level After Acute Oral Exposure to Bifenthrin and Tefluthrin in Young Adult Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Mónica Elizabeth Mosquera Ortega ◽  
Alejandro Martín Pato ◽  
Delfina Mercedes Romero ◽  
Carla Solange Sosa Holt ◽  
Gloria Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Minimal Effective Dose ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Tissue Dose ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Most pyrethroid insecticides (PYRs) share a similar primary target site in mammals. However, the potency estimates of the lethal and sublethal effects of these compounds differ up to 103-fold. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the dose administered, the target tissue dose, and the effect of 2 highly toxic PYRs, tefluthrin (TEF; 0.1–9 mg/kg) and bifenthrin (BIF; 0.5–12 mg/kg), by using the oral route, a corn oil vehicle (1 ml/kg) and subcutaneous temperature (Tsc) monitoring assays in adult rats. The Tsc was determined at 30-min intervals for 5 h (TEF) or 4.5 h (BIF) after dosing. Rats were sacrificed at 6 h after dosing, and BIF and TEF concentrations were determined in blood (Bd), liver (Lv), and cerebellum (Cb) by using a GC-ECD system. The minimal effective dose of BIF (3 mg/kg) affecting Tsc was similar to that found in prior studies using other testing paradigms. Regarding TEF, a very steep relationship between the dose administered and toxicity was observed, with a near-threshold to low-effective range for Tsc at 0.1–6 mg/kg, and a near lethal syndrome at ≥ 7.5 mg/kg. At 6–7.5 mg/kg TEF, the Cb/Bd and Cb/Lv concentration ratios were both > 1. Conversely, for BIF, the Cb concentration was barely over the Bd concentration and the Cb/Lv concentration ratio remained < 1. Our results and previous findings call for more comprehensive consideration to establish the relevance of the distribution into target tissues and the tissue dosimetry for health risks through the exposure to PYRs in humans.

Carotid artery stenosis with a high-intensity signal plaque on time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography and association with evidence of intraplaque hypoxia

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 1873-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ogata ◽  
Masatou Kawashima ◽  
Tomihiro Wakamiya ◽  
Masashi Nishihara ◽  
Jun Masuoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Intraplaque Hemorrhage ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Tof Mra ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVEHypoxia induces angiogenesis and plays a major role in the progression of carotid plaques. During carotid intervention, plaques with high-intensity signals on time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) often cause ischemic stroke and embolic complications. However, the role of intraplaque hypoxia before carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting is not presently understood. In this study the authors aimed to investigate the relationship between intraplaque hypoxia and MRA findings.METHODSNineteen consecutive patients with 20 carotid artery stenoses who underwent CEA at Saga University Hospital between August 2008 and December 2014 were enrolled in the study. The expressions of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, the relationship between the findings on TOF MRA and pathology for the carotid plaques was analyzed.RESULTSHigh-intensity plaques on TOF MRA showed higher expression levels of HIF-1α (p = 0.015) and VEGF (p = 0.007) compared with isointensity plaques. The rate of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) on TOF MRA was also significantly higher in the high-intensity plaques than in the isointensity plaques (p = 0.024). Finally, the mean number of neovessels was significantly higher in those without plaque hemorrhage than in those with plaque hemorrhage (p = 0.010).CONCLUSIONSPlaques with high-intensity signals on TOF MRA were associated with IPH and evidence of intraplaque hypoxia. This fact may represent an opportunity to establish novel therapeutic agents targeting intraplaque hypoxia.

scholarly journals Hunter-gatherer mobility and territories in the dunefields of center Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo G. Messineo ◽  
María P. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
The Relationship

The distribution of certain rocks in the landscape allows us to reconstruct diverse aspects of past hunter-gatherer behavior. In this work, we evaluate the mobility patterns employed by these groups and the presence or absence of boundaries in the Aeolian system of the center of Argentina. To accomplish this objective, we consider two types of evidence: 1) raw material frequencies and distributions in three areas of this Aeolian System and 2) presence and frequency of knapping stones from Tandilia sources. We construct a fall-off curve that is based on the relationship between the frequency of an item and the distance to the source of supply. The characteristics of each area yielded the human groups that inhabited delineate different modes of exploitation of the rocks. The fall-off curve documents a steep drop-off between 300 and 350 km from the Tandilia source and the spatial analysis indicates that within this distance the source probably represents the threshold of direct access to the quarries. Tandilia stone-tools seem to systematically supply a relatively wide area of the Central Pampean Dunefields of the Pampa grasslands, through varied processes, but they arrive at very low frequencies over great distances. The presence of Tandilia rocks in the Western Pampean Dunefields and Western Pampas Sand Mantles and Dunefields indicates social interaction between human groups that shared some common technological knowledge. The presence of stones in the Central Pampean Dunefields coming from the xerophytic woodland of the Dry Pampas can be related with contacts and exchanges among the hunter-gatherer group that occupied different territories.

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