scholarly journals Sensor Node Network for Remote Moisture Measurement in Timber Based on Bluetooth Low Energy and Web-Based Monitoring System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Mohamed Saban ◽  
Leandro Daniel Medus ◽  
Silvia Casans ◽  
Otman Aghzout ◽  
Alfredo Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Remote Visualization ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Digitally Controlled ◽  
Node Network ◽  
Moisture Content Measurement ◽  
And Control

This paper proposes an IoT system based on wireless BLE connectivity to monitor the moisture content of wood, using a compact and low-cost moisture device that relies on a resistance measurement method valid for an ultra-wide range of resistance values. This device is digitally controlled with a BLE-incorporated micro-controller characterized by its small size and low power consumption, providing long-life battery. The proposed system consists of two main parts: first, the BLE moisture device including the moisture content measurement and wireless capability (BLE); second, the cloud-based monitoring platform, providing remote visualization and control for all the sensor nodes of the network. The complete infrastructure shows how multiple nodes can read and transmit moisture content of timber in buildings using small and unattended devices, with data saved in a central database and monitored by multiple commercial devices such as PC, smartphone, tablet, etc. The proposed system is innovative, scalable and low cost, and it can be deployed in wooden buildings and the wood industry, providing a practical solution that will help to avoid rot and other damaging effects caused by the moisture content.

scholarly journals Information and information resources in COVID-19: Awareness, control, and prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 096100062110165
Author(s):  
Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda ◽  
Fatemeh Ranjbaran ◽  
Asghar Sattari
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the role of information and information resources in the awareness, control, and prevention of COVID-19. This study was a descriptive-analytical survey in which 450 participants were selected for the study. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data through SPSS. The findings show that a wide range of mass media has become well known as information resources for COVID-19. Other findings indicate a significant statistical difference in the rate of using information resources during COVID-19 based on age and gender; however, this difference is not significant regarding the reliability of information resources with regard to age and gender. Health information has an undisputable role in the prevention and control of pandemic diseases such as COVID-19. Providing accurate, reliable, and evidence-based information in a timely manner for the use of resources and information channels related to COVID-19 can be a fast and low-cost strategic approach in confronting this disease.

scholarly journals Utilization of programmable cameras for web-based sensing and control of daylight in buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012114
Author(s):  
Dongjun Mah ◽  
Michael Kim ◽  
Athanasios Tzempelikos
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Visual Environment ◽  
Rear Side ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
Camera Sensors

Abstract The concept of integrating programmable low-cost cameras into the office infrastructure and BMS for real-time, web-based sensing and control of the luminous environment in buildings is presented in this study. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential of predicting the luminance field perceived by an office occupant using a programmable calibrated HDR camera installed at the rear side of a computer monitor or on the wall behind the occupant, for a variety of sky conditions and shading options. The generated luminance maps using Python scripts with OpenCV packages were further processed to extract daylighting and glare metrics using Evalgare. The results showed that: (i) among the different camera resolutions that were compared, the 330x330 resolution was selected as the best option to balance between accurate capturing of visual environment and comfort and computational efficiency; (ii) a camera sensor embedded on the rear side of a computer screen could capture interior visual conditions consistently similarly to those viewed by the occupant, except for sunny conditions without proper shading protection. This prototype study paves the way for luminance monitoring and daylight control using programmable low-cost camera sensors embedded into the office infrastructure.

scholarly journals Building an HMI and Demo Application of WSN-based Industrial Control Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Ali Abed ◽  
AbdulAdhem Ali ◽  
Nauman Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Temperature Monitoring ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

In this paper we present the details of methodology pursued in implementation of an HMI and Demo Temperature Monitoring application for wireless sensor-based distributed control systems. The application of WSN for a temperature monitoring and control is composed of a number of sensor nodes (motes) with a networking capability that can be deployed for monitoring and control purposes. The temperature is measured in the real time by the sensor boards that sample and send the data to the monitoring computer through a base station or gateway. This paper proposes how such monitoring system can be setup emphasizing on the aspects of low cost, energy-efficient, easy ad-hoc installation and easy handling and maintenance. This paper focuses on the overall potential of wireless sensor nodes and networking in industrial applications. A specific case study is given for the measurement of temperature (with thermistor or thermocouple), humidity, light and the health of the WSN. The focus was not on these four types of measurements and analysis but rather on the design of a communication protocol and building of an HMI software for monitoring. So, a set of system design requirements are developed that covered the use of the wireless platforms, the design of sensor network, the capabilities for remote data access and management, the connection between the WSN and an HMI software designed with MATLAB.

scholarly journals Electronic Ventilator for COVID-19 Patient treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Meraj ◽  
Atif Iqbal ◽  
Nasser MA Emadi ◽  
Prathap Reddy Bhimireddy ◽  
Chowdhary Muhammad Enamul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Process ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Semiconductor Switches ◽  
Digitally Controlled ◽  
And Control ◽  
University Laboratory ◽  
Very High

In response to expected shortages of ventilators caused by COVID-19 pandemic, globally many organizations and institutes have developed low cost and high rate production ventilators. Many of these ventilators are mechanical type and pneumatic type which are easy to produce but do not have all the necessary control parameters and their options as per the patient requirements. Furthermore, their failure rate is very high and computer interfacing and control is difficult. To address all the drawbacks of the available ventilator, power electronic motor drive based digitally controlled ventilator is designed, developed and tested in the Qatar University Laboratory. It consists of semiconductor switches based inverter driven by the microcontroller to run the BLDC (brushless direct current) motor. All the parameters such as pressure, rate of flow and volume required is successfully tuned and trained to the microcontroller. As per the patient requirement, it can deliver the required amount of the oxygen into the patient’s body and similarly removes the exhaling air from inside. As all the control process is happening by the microcontroller, all the safety, sound and valves can be easily integrated to reduce the risk for the patient. Minimal number of access control buttons are provided to use the developed ventilator so that it can be easily used by all kinds of hospital nurses.

scholarly journals Optimized and scalable synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for RNA extraction in response to developing countries' needs in the detection and control of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio C. Chacón-Torres ◽  
C. Reinoso ◽  
Daniela G. Navas-Leon ◽  
S. Briceño ◽  
G. González
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
International Health ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chemical Availability ◽  
Scalable Synthesis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Abstract Ecuador is one of the most affected countries, with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, in Latin America derived from an ongoing economic crisis. One of the most important methods for COVID-19 detection is the use of techniques such as real time RT- PCR based on a previous extraction/purification of RNA procedure from nasopharyngeal cells using functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP). This technique allows the processing of ~10,000 tests per day in private companies and around hundreds per day at local Universities guaranteeing to reach a wide range of the population. However, the main drawback of this method is the need for specialized MNP with a strong negative charge for the viral RNA purification to detect the existence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here we present a simplified low cost method to produce 10 g of nanoparticles in 100 mL of solution that was scaled to one litter by parallelizing the process 10 times in just two days and allowing for the possibility of making ~50,000 COVID-19 tests. This communication helps in reducing the cost of acquiring MNP for diverse biomolecular applications supporting developing country budgets constraints and chemical availability specially during the COVID-19 International Health Emergency.

Research and Design of Forest Environment Monitoring System

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 1592-1596
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xue Wen He ◽  
Peng Ju He
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Gateway Node ◽  
Protocol Conversion ◽  
Environmental Monitoring System ◽  
Wide Range

A forest environmental monitoring system based on GPRS communication network and ZigBee sensor network was researched and designed. The article described the architecture of the system, also discussed the framework of the sensor nodes using CC2430 as main chip and the gateway node based on MC35i.The data collection of sensor nodes, the protocol conversion of gateway node, and the implementation process of the monitoring center software were introduced in the article. With advantages of low cost, strong robustness and always online, the system can be widely used in a wide range for forest environmental parameters monitoring.

scholarly journals New Configurations of Low-Cost Dual-Polarized Printed Antennas for UWB Arrays

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Guido Valerio ◽  
Simona Mazzocchi ◽  
Alessandro Galli ◽  
Matteo Ciattaglia ◽  
Marco Zucca
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Printed Antennas ◽  
Communications Systems ◽  
Radiating Element ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pattern Shape ◽  
Small Array ◽  
Parametric Analyses ◽  
And Control

A novel class of structures is proposed to realize ultra-wide-band radiating elements for large arrays, providing dual polarization, beam scanning, and compact and inexpensive realization based on suitable rhombic arrangements of dipoles printed on low-cost layered substrates. In a first implementation, four rhombic shapes, orthogonally placed on the same layer, provide two orthogonal polarizations. In a second implementation, the two polarizations are excited by two rhombic shapes printed on two different layers in a stacked-patch-like arrangement. This latter structure leads to a better lateral shielding of the single radiating element, in order to reduce mutual interactions among adjacent elements in array environment. The behavioral features of these antennas have been tested with various parametric analyses. Practical aspects have been addressed such as the choice of appropriate feeding and of commercially available dielectric layers. The resulting antennas are matched at the input ports in an extremely wide range of frequencies (5–25 GHz), covering various microwave applications, such as aircraft surveillance, weather polarimetric radars, and control and communications systems. Good radiating features, in terms of pattern shape and gain, are observed in a large band of frequencies. The basic scanning performance of large and small array configurations is finally investigated.

scholarly journals Efficient Wireless Monitoring and Control of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2287
Author(s):  
Jonathan Medina-García ◽  
Aránzazu D. Martín ◽  
Juan M. Cano ◽  
Juan A. Gómez-Galán ◽  
Adoración Hermoso
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
System Solution ◽  
And Control

The design, monitoring, and control of photovoltaic (PV) systems are complex tasks that are often handled together, and they are made even more difficult by introducing features such as real-time, sensor-based operation, wireless communication, and multiple sensor nodes. This paper proposes an integrated approach to handle these tasks, in order to achieve a system efficient in tracking the maximum power and injecting the energy from the PV modules to the grid in the correct way. Control is performed by means of an adaptive Lyapunov maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for the DC/DC converters and a proportional integral (PI) control for the inverters, which are applied to the system using low latency wireless technology. The system solution exploits a low-cost wireless multi-sensor architecture installed in each DC/DC converter and in each inverter and equipped with voltage, current, irradiance, and temperature sensors. A host node provides effective control, management, and coordination of two relatively independent wireless sensor systems. Experimental validation shows that the controllers ensure maximum power transfer to the grid, injecting low harmonic distortion current, thus guaranteeing the robustness and stability of the system. The results verified that the MPPT efficiency is over 99%, even under perturbations and using wireless communication. Moreover, the converters’ efficiency remains high, i.e., for the DC/DC converter a mean value of 95.5% and for the inverter 93.3%.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost, Highly Customizable Solution for Position Estimation in Modular Robots

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Tarik Tosun ◽  
Mark Yim
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Modular Robots ◽  
Position Sensor ◽  
Position Sensing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Accurate Position ◽  
Estimation And Control ◽  
And Control

Abstract Accurate position sensing is important for state estimation and control in robotics. Reliable and accurate position sensors are usually expensive and difficult to customize. Incorporating them into systems that have very tight volume constraints such as modular robots are particularly difficult. PaintPots are a low-cost, reliable, and highly customizable position sensor, but their performance is highly dependent on the manufacturing and calibration process. This paper presents a Kalman Filter with a simplified observation model developed to deal with the nonlinearity issues that result from the use of low-cost microcontrollers. In addition, a complete solution for the use of PaintPots in a variety of sensing modalities including manufacturing, characterization, and estimation is presented for an example modular robot, SMORES-EP. This solution can be easily adapted to a wide range of applications.

Design and Control of a High Precision Laser-Cutting Machine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mason Van Bibber ◽  
Behnam Bahr
Keyword(s):  
Control Theory ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cutting Machine ◽  
Mechanical Assemblies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hands On Learning ◽  
And Control

Education in mechanical design and control theory is paramount to anyone interested in engineering and the “Maker” culture. Additionally, integration of concepts normally presented in discrete learning segments enhances technical and intuitive understanding of how systems work individually and together. This project aims to increase students’ understanding of engineering topics while equipping them with the necessary tools and information to recreate a high-precision laser-cutting machine at a minimal cost. These topics include electronic designs, mechanical assemblies, machine calibration, and control theory. Although there is a wide range of laser-cutting machines currently available, most low-cost options are inaccurate and low-quality. Because such systems come preassembled and with little documentation, using them offers no educational value with respect to learning how the system functions. Since pre-assembled systems offer little hands-on learning potential related to their construction and design, the goal of this project is to develop a system that will offer this experience and enhance student understanding as they “Learn by Doing.” Students learning about the aforementioned topics will investigate them by constructing their own low-cost and reproducible laser-cutting machine. This system will enable students to study how to combine the ideas and theories learned throughout their engineering curriculum into a single design.

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