scholarly journals Revisiting Electrochemical Biosensing in the 21st Century Society for Inflammatory Cytokines Involved in Autoimmune, Neurodegenerative, Cardiac, Viral and Cancer Diseases

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Susana Campuzano ◽  
Paloma Yáñez-Sedeño ◽  
José Manuel Pingarrón
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensing ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Human Skills ◽  
Cancer Diseases

The multifaceted key roles of cytokines in immunity and inflammatory processes have led to a high clinical interest for the determination of these biomolecules to be used as a tool in the diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and treatment of several diseases of great current relevance (autoimmune, neurodegenerative, cardiac, viral and cancer diseases, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes). Therefore, the rapid and accurate determination of cytokine biomarkers in body fluids, cells and tissues has attracted considerable attention. However, many currently available techniques used for this purpose, although sensitive and selective, require expensive equipment and advanced human skills and do not meet the demands of today’s clinic in terms of test time, simplicity and point-of-care applicability. In the course of ongoing pursuit of new analytical methodologies, electrochemical biosensing is steadily gaining ground as a strategy suitable to develop simple, low-cost methods, with the ability for multiplexed and multiomics determinations in a short time and requiring a small amount of sample. This review article puts forward electrochemical biosensing methods reported in the last five years for the determination of cytokines, summarizes recent developments and trends through a comprehensive discussion of selected strategies, and highlights the challenges to solve in this field. Considering the key role demonstrated in the last years by different materials (with nano or micrometric size and with or without magnetic properties), in the design of analytical performance-enhanced electrochemical biosensing strategies, special attention is paid to the methods exploiting these approaches.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors for Detection of Foodborne Pathogens

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenguo Zhang ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Xin Du
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Real Time Analysis ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensing ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Global Public Health Problem

Foodborne safety has become a global public health problem in both developed and developing countries. The rapid and precise monitoring and detection of foodborne pathogens has generated a strong interest by researchers in order to control and prevent human foodborne infections. Traditional methods for the detection of foodborne pathogens are often time-consuming, laborious, expensive, and unable to satisfy the demands of rapid food testing. Owing to the advantages of simplicity, real-time analysis, high sensitivity, miniaturization, rapid detection time, and low cost, electrochemical biosensing technology is more and more widely used in determination of foodborne pathogens. Here, we summarize recent developments in electrochemical biosensing technologies used to detect common foodborne pathogens. Additionally, we discuss research challenges and future prospects for this field of study.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Immunosensors for Antibiotic Detection

Biosensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Pollap ◽  
Jolanta Kochana
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Rapid Action ◽  
Electrochemical Immunosensors ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Antibiotics Residues ◽  
Antigen Antibody

Antibiotics are an important class of drugs destined for treatment of bacterial diseases. Misuses and overuses of antibiotics observed over the last decade have led to global problems of bacterial resistance against antibiotics (ABR). One of the crucial actions taken towards limiting the spread of antibiotics and controlling this dangerous phenomenon is the sensitive and accurate determination of antibiotics residues in body fluids, food products, and animals, as well as monitoring their presence in the environment. Immunosensors, a group of biosensors, can be considered an attractive tool because of their simplicity, rapid action, low-cost analysis, and especially, the unique selectivity arising from harnessing the antigen–antibody interaction that is the basis of immunosensor functioning. Herein, we present the recent achievements in the field of electrochemical immunosensors designed to determination of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Recent Developments of Electrochemical and Optical Biosensors for Antibody Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Daniel Wang ◽  
Derek Li ◽  
Chung Chiun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Point Of Care Systems ◽  
Detection Of Biomarkers

Detection of biomarkers has raised much interest recently due to the need for disease diagnosis and personalized medicine in future point-of-care systems. Among various biomarkers, antibodies are an important type of detection target due to their potential for indicating disease progression stage and the efficiency of therapeutic antibody drug treatment. In this review, electrochemical and optical detection of antibodies are discussed. Specifically, creating a non-label and reagent-free sensing platform and construction of an anti-fouling electrochemical surface for electrochemical detection are suggested. For optical transduction, a rapid and programmable platform for antibody detection using a DNA-based beacon is suggested as well as the use of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) switch for low cost antibody detection. These sensing strategies have demonstrated their potential for resolving current challenges in antibody detection such as high selectivity, low operation cost, simple detection procedures, rapid detection, and low-fouling detection. This review provides a general update for recent developments in antibody detection strategies and potential solutions for future clinical point-of-care systems.

Determination of inorganic arsenic in rice by solid phase extraction and hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 8896-8900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yatao Huang ◽  
Jihao Shan ◽  
Bei Fan ◽  
Yan He ◽  
Shuangmei Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Hydride Generation ◽  
Inorganic Arsenic ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Total Arsenic ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence

Low-cost, simple methods are needed for accurate determination of iAs in food crops. Total arsenic (As) from rice was extracted and As5+ reduced to As3+. The combined As3+ was separated then quantified. This method appears suitable for general use due to its low cost.

scholarly journals A Novel Transparent pH Sensor Based on a Nanostructured ITO Electrode Coated with [3,3′-Co(1,2-C2B9H11)2]-Doped Poly(pyrrole)

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Pruna ◽  
Francisco Palacio ◽  
Isabel Fuentes ◽  
Clara Viñas ◽  
Francesc Teixidor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
Ito Electrode ◽  
Sensitive Electrode

A novel transparent and nanostructured ion-sensitive electrode based on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated with cobaltbis(dicarbollide)-doped poly(pyrrole) (PPy) is presented in this work. This metallacarborane-doped PPy was used as conducting polymer due to its high stability and chemical resistance. The ion-sensitive electrode was coupled to a miniaturized and low-cost potentiostat, in a final autonomous kit for potentiometric determination of pH. Qualitative calibration of the system revealed Nernstian behavior, resulting promising for novel point-of-care biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Strategies for the identification of loci responsible for the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Stern ◽  
Derin Keskin
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Proteolipid Protein ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, debilitating disease, which manifests itself by de-myelination of the central nervous system (CNS). MS is predominantly found in Caucasians of European decent and is more prominent in females than males. MS is one of the most prevalent causes of disability of young adults in the world. The exact cause of MS is not known, however genetic susceptibility to MS is linked to the major histocompability complex (MHC). Self reactive CD4+ T cells, specific for CNS antigens, such as myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and proteolipid protein (PLP), are detectable in MS patients along with pathogenic autoantibodies specific to these CNS antigens produced by B cells. These observations suggest that MS is an autoimmune disease. Epidemiology of MS along with the analysis of sibling pairs and twins suggest that the multiple genetic factors and their interaction with environment contribute to disease susceptibility. Recent developments and advancements in genetic analysis may aid in accurate determination of genetic risk factors for the development of MS. We review these developments, advances in technology and discuss recent results in this article.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Tuned PID Controller for Envisioned Agricultural Manipulator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyam Paul ◽  
Ajay Arunachalam ◽  
Davood Khodadad ◽  
Henrik Andreasson ◽  
Olena Rubanenko
Keyword(s):  
Pid Controller ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Vibration Attenuation

AbstractThe implementation of image-based phenotyping systems has become an important aspect of crop and plant science research which has shown tremendous growth over the years. Accurate determination of features using images requires stable imaging and very precise processing. By installing a camera on a mechanical arm driven by motor, the maintenance of accuracy and stability becomes non-trivial. As per the state-of-the-art, the issue of external camera shake incurred due to vibration is a great concern in capturing accurate images, which may be induced by the driving motor of the manipulator. So, there is a requirement for a stable active controller for sufficient vibration attenuation of the manipulator. However, there are very few reports in agricultural practices which use control algorithms. Although, many control strategies have been utilized to control the vibration in manipulators associated to various applications, no control strategy with validated stability has been provided to control the vibration in such envisioned agricultural manipulator with simple low-cost hardware devices with the compensation of non-linearities. So, in this work, the combination of proportional-integral-differential (PID) control with type-2 fuzzy logic (T2-F-PID) is implemented for vibration control. The validation of the controller stability using Lyapunov analysis is established. A torsional actuator (TA) is applied for mitigating torsional vibration, which is a new contribution in the area of agricultural manipulators. Also, to prove the effectiveness of the controller, the vibration attenuation results with T2-F-PID is compared with conventional PD/PID controllers, and a type-1 fuzzy PID (T1-F-PID) controller.

scholarly journals Cutting-Edge Advances in Electrochemical Affinity Biosensing at Different Molecular Level of Emerging Food Allergens and Adulterants

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Campuzano ◽  
Víctor Ruiz-Valdepeñas Montiel ◽  
Verónica Serafín ◽  
Paloma Yáñez-Sedeño ◽  
José Manuel Pingarrón
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Affinity Biosensors

The presence of allergens and adulterants in food, which represents a real threat to sensitized people and a loss of consumer confidence, is one of the main current problems facing society. The detection of allergens and adulterants in food, mainly at the genetic level (characteristic fragments of genes that encode their expression) or at functional level (protein biomarkers) is a complex task due to the natural interference of the matrix and the low concentration at which they are present. Methods for the analysis of allergens are mainly divided into immunological and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based assays. In recent years, electrochemical affinity biosensors, including immunosensors and biosensors based on synthetic sequences of DNA or ribonucleic acid (RNA), linear, aptameric, peptide or switch-based probes, are gaining special importance in this field because they have proved to be competitive with the methods commonly used in terms of simplicity, test time and applicability in different environments. These unique features make them highly promising analytical tools for routine determination of allergens and food adulterations at the point of care. This review article discusses the most significant trends and developments in electrochemical affinity biosensing in this field over the past two years as well as the challenges and future prospects for this technology.

scholarly journals Sensor Applications in Analysis of Drugs and Formulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Rajan Thakur ◽  
Anjana Devi
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Drug Analysis ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Biological Matrices ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Biomedical Diagnostics

Biosensors are currently widely used in biomedical diagnostics, as well as point-of-care assessment of therapy and disease advancement, environmental sensing, food safety, drug development, forensics, and biomedical research. Biosensors may be developed using several different approaches. Due to the growing requirement for efficient and low-cost analytical methods, biosensors have gained increasing attention for application in the quality analysis of pharmaceuticals and other pharmaceutically relevant analytes. Biosensors enable the analysis of active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations as well as the determination of degraded products and intermediates in biological matrices. The current study discusses several types of biosensors and their applications in drug analysis and formulations.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Biosensors for Determination of Colorectal Tumor Biomarkers

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Jennifer Quinchia ◽  
Danilo Echeverri ◽  
Andrés Cruz-Pacheco ◽  
María Maldonado ◽  
Jahir Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Colorectal Tumor ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

The accurate determination of specific tumor markers associated with cancer with non-invasive or minimally invasive procedures is the most promising approach to improve the long-term survival of cancer patients and fight against the high incidence and mortality of this disease. Quantification of biomarkers at different stages of the disease can lead to an appropriate and instantaneous therapeutic action. In this context, the determination of biomarkers by electrochemical biosensors is at the forefront of cancer diagnosis research because of their unique features such as their versatility, fast response, accurate quantification, and amenability for multiplexing and miniaturization. In this review, after briefly discussing the relevant aspects and current challenges in the determination of colorectal tumor markers, it will critically summarize the development of electrochemical biosensors to date to this aim, highlighting the enormous potential of these devices to be incorporated into the clinical practice. Finally, it will focus on the remaining challenges and opportunities to bring electrochemical biosensors to the point-of-care testing.

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