scholarly journals A High-Robust Automatic Reading Algorithm of Pointer Meters Based on Text Detection

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5946
Author(s):  
Zhu Li ◽  
Yisha Zhou ◽  
Qinghua Sheng ◽  
Kunjian Chen ◽  
Jian Huang
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Detection ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Linear Scale ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
Scale Line ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Efficient Measurement ◽  
Automatic Reading ◽  
Novel Algorithm

Automatic reading of pointer meters is of great significance for efficient measurement of industrial meters. However, existing algorithms are defective in the accuracy and robustness to illumination shooting angle when detecting various pointer meters. Hence, a novel algorithm for adaptive detection of different pointer meters was presented. Above all, deep learning was introduced to detect and recognize scale value text in the meter dial. Then, the image was rectified and meter center was determined based on text coordinate. Next, the circular arc scale region was transformed into a linear scale region by polar transform, and the horizontal positions of pointer and scale line were obtained based on secondary search in the expanded graph. Finally, the distance method was used to read the scale region where the pointer is located. Test results showed that the algorithm proposed in this paper has higher accuracy and robustness in detecting different types of meters.

scholarly journals Enhancing spatial perception through sound: mapping human movements into MIDI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Breve ◽  
Stefano Cirillo ◽  
Mariano Cuofano ◽  
Domenico Desiato
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
User Study ◽  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Real Time Tracking ◽  
People’S Perceptions ◽  
Novel Algorithm

AbstractGestural expressiveness plays a fundamental role in the interaction with people, environments, animals, things, and so on. Thus, several emerging application domains would exploit the interpretation of movements to support their critical designing processes. To this end, new forms to express the people’s perceptions could help their interpretation, like in the case of music. In this paper, we investigate the user’s perception associated with the interpretation of sounds by highlighting how sounds can be exploited for helping users in adapting to a specific environment. We present a novel algorithm for mapping human movements into MIDI music. The algorithm has been implemented in a system that integrates a module for real-time tracking of movements through a sample based synthesizer using different types of filters to modulate frequencies. The system has been evaluated through a user study, in which several users have participated in a room experience, yielding significant results about their perceptions with respect to the environment they were immersed.

scholarly journals An Autonomous Low-Power LoRa-Based Flood-Monitoring System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Ragnoli ◽  
Gianluca Barile ◽  
Alfiero Leoni ◽  
Giuseppe Ferri ◽  
Vincenzo Stornelli
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Flood Monitoring ◽  
Node Architecture ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wireless Module

The development of Internet of Things (IoT) systems is a rapidly evolving scenario, thanks also to newly available low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies that are utilized for environmental monitoring purposes and to prevent potentially dangerous situations with smaller and less expensive physical structures. This paper presents the design, implementation and test results of a flood-monitoring system based on LoRa technology, tested in a real-world scenario. The entire system is designed in a modular perspective, in order to have the capability to interface different types of sensors without the need for making significant hardware changes to the proposed node architecture. The information is stored through a device equipped with sensors and a microcontroller, connected to a LoRa wireless module for sending data, which are then processed and stored through a web structure where the alarm function is implemented in case of flooding.

scholarly journals Testing of the Possibilities of Using IMUs with Different Types of Movements

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavol Kajánek
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Navigation System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Inertial Measurement Units ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Measurement Units

Inertial navigation system (INS) is a self-contained navigation technique. Its main purpose is to determinate the position and the trajectory of the object´s movement in space. This technique is well represented not only as a supplementary method (GPS/INS integrated system) but as an autonomous system for navigation of vehicles and pedestrians, also. The aim of this paper is to design a test for low-cost inertial measurement units. The test results give us information about accuracy, which determine the possible use in indoor navigation or other applications. There are described some methods for processing the data obtained by inertial measurement units, which remove noise and improve accuracy of position and orientation.

scholarly journals Genuine and false pre-consolidation and yield pressures

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 05001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence D Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Measured Data ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Log P ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Linear Scale ◽  
Consolidation Pressure ◽  
Oedometer Test ◽  
The Way

“It remains a mystery why the international profession still uses the awkward e-log p plots, and the incomplete and useless coefficient Cc which is not even determined from the measured data, but from a constructed line outside the measurements”. These are the words of Nilmar Janbu (1998). This paper does not solve the mystery; what it does is highlight the issue behind the mystery in the hope that the profession will face up to the defects of the log scale. An examination is made of oedometer test results when plotted to both scales. Examples are given for sedimentary and residual clays, and sands. It is shown that the e-logp plot routinely produces graphs from which pre-consolidation pressures or yield pressures can be determined. However, when plotted using an arithmetic (linear) scale, this apparent pre-consolidation or yield pressure is found, in most cases, to disappear. It is a false value created by the way the data are plotted. The paper does not deny that pre-consolidation or yield pressures exist in many soils; it gives examples for each of the soil types listed above. It is recommended that the term “yield pressure” be used in preference to “pre-consolidation pressure”, and that only the use of a linear scale will reveal whether such a pressure exists.

scholarly journals A brief compendium of water entry results derived from laboratory tests of various types of wall assemblies

2019 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 02050
Author(s):  
Michael A. Lacasse ◽  
Nathan Van Den Bossche ◽  
Stephanie Van Linden ◽  
Travis V. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Water Entry ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wood Frame

There is an increase in the use of hygrothermal models to complete the performance evaluation of walls assemblies, either in respect to design of new assembles or the retrofit of existing wall assemblies. To this end there are guides available in which is provided information on moisture loads to wall assemblies. This includes, for example, Criteria for Moisture-Control Design Analysis in Buildings given in ASHRAE 160, Assessment of moisture transfer by numerical simulation provided in EN 15026, and NRC’s “Guidelines for Design for Durability of the Building Envelope”. The designer of a new assembly or evaluator of an existing wall is tasked with having to determine what moisture loads to apply to the wall and where to apply this load within the assembly. Typically there is little or no information that is readily available regarding moisture loads to walls and thus the suggested hourly moisture load, as given in ASHRAE 160, is 1% by weight of the total driving rain load to the wall (i.e. kg/m2-hr). In this paper, a brief compendium of water entry test results derived from laboratory tests of various types of wall assemblies is provided from which estimates of moisture loads to different types of wall can be developed. Water entry test results are given of wood frame walls typically used in housing, but also metal-glass curtain walls and other commercial wall assemblies, where possible, in terms of driving loads to the wall.

Experimental Evaluation of Evaporative Cooler Using Agro Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550028 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ramkumar ◽  
M. Kesavan ◽  
A. Ragupathy
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Condition ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Saturation Efficiency ◽  
Evaporative Cooler ◽  
Luffa Sponge ◽  
Efficiency Improve

The purpose of the study is to investigate the direct evaporate cooler in hot and humid regions with two different types of agro-based materials. In our experimental study, the locally available agro materials luffa (Sponge Gourd), zizanioides (Vetiver) were used with various thickness and the experimental results were compared with mathematical values. The operating parameters of pad thickness, air velocity, were changed and the performance of the cooler was analyzed. A test rig was designed and fabricated to collect experimental data. The performance of the evaporative cooler was evaluated based on the ambient condition. The analysis of the data indicated that cooling saturation efficiency improve with decrease of air velocity and higher pad thickness. It was shown that zizanioides-based pad with 160[Formula: see text]mm thickness has the higher performance (88%) at 4.5[Formula: see text]m/s air velocity in comparison with luffa pad materials. The experimental results of outlet air temperature and number of transfer units (NTU) were compared with mathematical model. The test results were within the limit of 15% and 10% to mathematical values.

Pulse Converters—A Method of Improving the Performance of the Turbocharged Diesel Engine

1973 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 635-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Janota ◽  
N. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Generator ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Turbocharged Diesel Engine ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Partial Admission ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Pulse Converter ◽  
Flow Loss ◽  
Loss Coefficients

Today, most turbocharged diesel engines operate on the pulse system. This is most effective on those engines whose exhaust manifolds can connect groups of three cylinders to a turbine entry without scavenging interference, e.g. three-, six-, nine- and twelve-cylinder engines. However, when only two cylinders can be connected to each turbine entry, e.g. four-, eight- and sixteen-cylinder engines, without interference, the system is usually less efficient. This is because the widely fluctuating, partial admission turbine conditions lower the average turbine efficiency. Recently, the pulse converter has been developed to improve the performance of such engines. A detailed investigation into the operation and application of the pulse converter has been conducted. Test results from three completely different types of engines showed substantial improvements in performance. The dependence of the pulse converter on engine speed and load, the effect of area variations in the pulse converter and the timing of the interfering exhaust pressure waves have been studied. A comparison of theoretically predicted and measured transient pressures (from a model pulse converter fitted to a pulse generator) was made. The theoretical analysis is based on empirical steady-flow loss coefficients and forms a boundary condition for a method of characteristics analysis. Results are compared with those predicted by the simple constant-pressure theory.

Adhesion of Streptococcus mutans on Different Types of Orthodontic Brackets

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
Sroisiri Thaweboon ◽  
Yadana Aung ◽  
Suwannee Luppanapornlarp ◽  
Supatchai Boonpratham ◽  
Boonyanit Thaweboon
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Bacteria Adhesion ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Levene Test

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the adhesion ofStreptococcus mutans (S. mutans)on different types of orthodontic brackets commonly used in Thailand. Materials and Methods: The adhesion ofS. mutanson 7 types of orthodontic brackets (Clarity, Spirit MB, Inspire Ice, 3M, Tomy, Ormco and W&H) was investigatedin vitro. The saliva-coated brackets were immersed in a flat-bottomed 96-well plate containingS. mutanssuspension (108CFU/ml) and incubated at 37 ̇C in 10% CO2and 100 rpm for 2 hours. The adhered bacterial cells were fixed by 99% methanol and stained with 0.5% crystal violet. The quantity of adhesion was determined by measuring optical density (OD) at 590 nm. The data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene test, one way ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc test. Results: Significantly higher bacteria adhesion was found on Clarity, Spirit MB, Tomy, Ormco and W&H compared to Inspire Ice and 3M Gemini. However, there were no significant differences among the different types of bracket materials (ceramic, plastics and metal). Conclusion: The amount of bacteria adhesion was independent of the type of bracket materials. The size and shape of brackets also played an important role in the amount of adhesion of microorganism.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Sofia S. pneumoniae FIA for Detection of Pneumococcal Antigen in Patients with Bloodstream Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Olofsson ◽  
Volkan Özenci ◽  
Simon Athlin
Keyword(s):  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Urinary Antigen ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pneumococcal Antigen ◽  
Automatic Reading ◽  
Antigen Tests ◽  
Test Result

ABSTRACT The usefulness of pneumococcal urinary antigen tests (UATs) in severe pneumococcal infection relies heavily on the performance in bacteremic patients. Fluorescence technology and automatic reading of test results may improve UAT performance. We evaluated the automatically read Sofia S. pneumoniae FIA for diagnosing pneumococcal bloodstream infection (BSI) in hospitalized adult patients. First, the Sofia FIA was evaluated on 97 patients with pneumococcal (n = 47) and nonpneumococcal (n = 50) BSI and compared with results by the visually read BinaxNOW S. pneumoniae immunochromatographic test (ICT) and ImmuView S. pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila ICT. In four cases (4.1%), the Sofia FIA showed invalid test results, three of which showed invalid results by the ImmuView ICT previously. Based on 93 valid cases, the Sofia FIA showed similar sensitivity (for both comparisons: 68% versus 62%; P = 0.45) and specificity (for both comparisons: 91% versus 93%; P = 1.00) as the visually read UATs. Second, the Sofia FIA was prospectively evaluated on 82 consecutive nonfrozen urine samples, detecting pneumococcal antigen in 10 of 14 (sensitivity, 71%) pneumococcal BSI patients, similarly to the visually and automatically read BinaxNOW ICT (both 12 of 14; sensitivity, 86%; P = 0.50). Of five nonpneumococcal BSI cases, the Sofia FIA showed an invalid test result in one case, but no positive UAT results were obtained. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity of the Sofia FIA were similar to the performance rates of other UATs in patients with BSI, but invalid test results are of concern for the usefulness in pneumococcal BSI.

scholarly journals Iron Speciation of Natural and Anthropogenic Dust by Spectroscopic and Chemical Methods

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Petroselli ◽  
Beatrice Moroni ◽  
Stefano Crocchianti ◽  
Roberta Selvaggi ◽  
Riccardo Vivani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
X Ray Absorption

In this work, we have characterized the iron local structure in samples of two different types of atmospheric dust using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and selective leaching experiments. Specifically, we have investigated samples of long-range transported Saharan dust and freshly emitted steel plant fumes with the aim of individuating possible fingerprints of iron in the two cases. Findings include (1) prevalence of octahedral coordinated Fe 3 + for all samples; (2) presence of 6-fold coordinated Fe 3 + , aluminosilicates and iron oxy(hydr)oxides in Saharan dust and (3) of Fe-bearing spinel-like structures in the industrial fumes; (4) general predominance of the residual insoluble fraction with a notable difference: 69% for Saharan dust and 93% for steel production emissions, associated with aluminosilicates and non-reducible iron oxy(hydr)oxides, and Fe spinels, respectively. The remarkable differences between the X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) spectra and leaching test results for the two sample types suggest the possibility to exploit the present approach in more complex cases. To this aim, two additional case studies of mixed aerosol samples are presented and discussed.

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