scholarly journals Chick Embryo Growth Modeling Using Near-Infrared Sensor and Non-Linear Least Square Fitting of Egg Opacity Values

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5888
Author(s):  
Alin Khaliduzzaman ◽  
Ayuko Kashimori ◽  
Tetsuhito Suzuki ◽  
Yuichi Ogawa ◽  
Naoshi Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Hatching Time ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Linear Least Square ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive monitoring of chick embryonic growth can provide vital management insights for poultry farmers and other stakeholders. Although non-destructive studies on fertility, hatching time and gender have been conducted recently, there has been no available method for embryonic growth observation, especially during the second half of incubation. Therefore, this work investigated the feasibility of using near-infrared (NIR) sensor-based egg opacity values—the amount of light lost when passing through the egg—for indirectly observing embryo growth during incubation. ROSS 308 eggs were selected based on size, mass and shell color for this experiment. To estimate the embryo size precisely, we fit various mathematical growth functions during incubation, based on the opacity value of incubated eggs. Although all the growth models tested performed similarly in fitting the data, the exponential and power functions had better performances in terms of co-efficient of determination (0.991 and 0.994 respectively) and RMSE to explain embryo growth during incubation. From these results, we conclude that the modeling paradigm adopted provides a simple tool to non-invasively investigate embryo growth. These models could be applied to resolving developmental biology, embryonic pathology, industrial and animal welfare issues in the near future.

scholarly journals Study Hybrid Teknologi Laser – Near Infrared Spectroscopy Untuk Identifikasi Unsur Hara Pada Lahan Gambut

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-501
Author(s):  
Endamin Endamin ◽  
Ichwana Ichwana ◽  
Agus Arip Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Scatter Correction ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Acoustic Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Photo Acoustic Spectroscopy

Abstrak. Lahan gambut terbentuk dari akumulasi sisa-sisa vegetasi yang sudah mengalami humifikasi tetapi belum mengalami mineralisasi. Berdasarkan data Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian (2011), lahan gambut di Aceh memiliki luas 216.000 Ha yang tersebar di beberapa kabupaten, salah satunya adalah Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Kondisi lahan gambut di Provinsi Aceh belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak adanya pengetahuan dan penanganan yang tepat terhadap pengelolaan lahan gambut agar tanaman dapat tumbuh dengan optimal. Semakin berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, informasi tentang kandungan unsur hara pada lahan gambut dapat diketahui dengan cepat. Salah satunya adalah pemanfaatan teknologi NDT (Non Destructive Test) yang pengujiannya dapat dilakukan tanpa harus merusak media ataupun objek yang ingin diketahui kandungan unsur haranya. Pengujian dengan NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy) merupakan salah satu metode non-destruktif seperti LPAS (Laser Photo Acoustic Spectroscopy) yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis dalam berbagai bidang, termasuk unsur hara tanah. Penggunaan laser sebagai sumber pencahayaan berfungsi untuk dapat menembus bahan dengan ketebalan lebih dari 1 cm. Spektrum transmisi laser diakuisisi dengan metode Partial Least Square (PLS). Metode ini menjadi alternatif dalam menganalisis unsur C-Organik, Nitrogen (N) dan Kalium (K) dari segi parameter kimia dalam lahan gambut tersebut sehingga unsur haranya dapat dideteksi dengan cepat dan tepat. Spektrum laser He-Ne untuk tanah didapatkan dengan menggunakan instrumen self developed infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) dengan konfigurasi alur kerja alat (workflow) dibangun dengan menggunakan self modified Thermo Integration®. Spektrum transmisi laser He-Ne diakuisisi dengan metode pulsed excitation dengan wavenumber 5000 – 11000 . Koreksi dan perbaikan spektrum dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menghilangkan noise pada spektrum akibat interferensi dan scattering photon, serta pengaruh over-heat. Metode yang digunakan adalah Deresolve dan Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC). Hybrid Study of Laser Technology - Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Identification of Nutrients in Peatlands Abstract. Peatlands are formed from accumulated remnants of vegetation that have undergone humification but have not experienced mineralization.  Based on data from the Center for Agricultural Land Research and Development (2011), peat land in Aceh has an area of 216,000 hectares spread across several districts, one of which is West Aceh District. The condition of peatlands in Aceh Province has not been fully utilized. This is because there is no knowledge and proper handling of peatland management so that the plants can grow optimally.  As science and technology develops, information about nutrient content in peatlands can be identified quickly. One of them is the use of NDT (Non Destructive Test) technology, which tests can be carried out without having to damage the media or objects that want to know the elemental content. Testing with NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy) is one of the non-destructive methods such as LPAS (Laser Photo Acoustic Spectroscopy) which can be used to analyze in various fields, such as soil nutrients. The use of lasers as a source of lighting functions to be able to penetrate materials with a thickness of more than 1 cm. The laser transmission spectrum was acquired by the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. This method is an alternative in analyzing C-Organic, Nitrogen (N) and Potassium (K) elements in terms of chemical parameters in the peat so that the elements can be detected quickly and precisely. The He-Ne laser spectrum for soil is obtained using the self developed infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) instrument with workflow configurations built using self-modified Thermo Integration®. The He-Ne laser transmission spectrum was acquired by the pulsed excitation method with a wavenumber of 5000 - 11000 cm – 1. Spectrum correction and repairs are carried out with the aim of eliminating noise in the spectrum due to photon interference and scattering, and the effect of overheating. The method used is Deresolve and Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC).

scholarly journals Rapid Classification Of Agricultural Products Based On Their Electro-Optic Properties Using Near Infrared Reflectance And Chemometrics

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Agus A. Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Scatter Correction ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract. Near infrared technology have been widely applied in many fields, including agriculture especially in sorting and grading process. The advantage of this technology: simple sample preparation, rapid, effective and non-destructive. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of NIR technology in classifying several agricultural products based on their electro-optic properties. NIR diffuse reflectance spectra of apples, bananas, mangoes, garlics, tomatoes, green grapes, red grapes and oranges were acquired in wavelength range of 1000-2500 nm with gradual increment of 2 nm. Chemometrics methods were applied in combination with NIR spectra data. Classification was performed by applying principal component analysis (PCA) followed by non-iterative partial least square (NIPALS) cross validation. The results showed that NIR and chemometrics was able to differentiate and classify these agricultural products with two latent variables (2 PCs) and total explained variance of 97% (88% PC1 and 9% PC2). Furthermore, it also showed that multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) was found to be effective spectra correction or enhancement method and increased classification accuracy and robustness. It may conclude that NIR technology combined with chemometrics was feasible to apply as a rapid and non-destructive method for sorting and grading agricultural products. Rapid Classification Of Agricultural Products Based On Their Electro-Optic Properties Using Near Infrared Reflectance And ChemometricsAbstract. Aplikasi teknologi near infra red (NIR) telah digunakan dalam banyak bidang, termasuk untuk bidang pertanian terutama pada proses sortasi dan grading. Keunggulan metode ini antara lain : rapid, efektif, simultan dan tanpa merusak objek yang dikaji. Tujuan utama dari studi ini adalah untuk mengkaji potensi NIR dalam mengklasifikasi beberapa produk pertanian berdasarkan karakteristik sifat elektro-optik dari produk tersebut. Spektrum NIR pada panjang gelombang 1000 – 2500 nm dengan increment 2 nm diakuisisi untuk produk pertanian : apel, pisang, manga, bawang putih, tomat, anggur hijau, anggur merah dan jeruk. Metode chemo metrics digunakan dalam studi ini untuk dikombinasikan dengan spektrum NIR. Klasifikasi produk pertanian dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode principal component analysis (PCA) yang disertai dengan metode non-iterative partial least square (NIPALS) cross validation. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi NIR dan chemo metrics mampu membedakan dan mengklasifikasi produk pertanian tersebut dengan menggunakan dua latent variable pada PCA (2 PCs) dengan total explained variance 97% (88% PC1 dan 9% PC2). Selain itu, dari studi ini juga didapatkan bahwa perbaikan data spectrum dengan metode multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) sebelum klasifikasi mampu meningkatkan akurasi hasil klasifikasi. Secara umum, dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknologi NIR dan chemo metrics dapat dijadikan sebagai metode yang efektif untuk sortasi dan atau grading produk pertanian.

scholarly journals Non-Destructive Quality Measurement for Three Varieties of Tomato Using VIS/NIR Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10747
Author(s):  
Khadija Najjar ◽  
Nawaf Abu-Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Non Destructive

The non-destructive visible/near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectroscopy is a promising technique in determining the quality of agricultural commodities. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the ability of VIS/NIR spectroscopy (550–1100 nm) to distinguish between three different varieties of tomato (i.e., Ekram, Harver and Izmer), as well as to predict the quality parameters of tomato, such as soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), taste (SSC/TA) and firmness. Ninety intact samples from three tomato varieties were used. These samples were examined using VIS/NIR spectroscopy and quality parameters were also measured using traditional methods. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square (PLS) were carried out. The results of PCA showed the ability of VIS/NIR spectroscopy to distinguish between the three varieties, where two PCs explained about 99% of the total variance in both calibration and validation sets. Moreover, PLS showed the possibility of modelling quality parameters. The correlation coefficient (R2) and the ratio of performance deviation (RPD) for all quality parameters (except for firmness) were found to be higher than 0.85 and 2.5, respectively. Thus, these results indicate that the VIS/NIR spectroscopy can be used to discriminate between different varieties of tomato and predict their quality parameters.

scholarly journals Rapid Determination of β-Glucan Content of Hulled and Naked Oats Using near Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometrics

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Maninder Meenu ◽  
Yaqian Zhang ◽  
Uma Kamboj ◽  
Shifeng Zhao ◽  
Lixia Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Naked Oats ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Selection Of

The quantification of β-glucan in oats is of immense importance for plant breeders and food scientists to develop plant varieties and food products with a high quantity of β-glucan. However, the chemical analysis of β-glucan is time consuming, destructive, and laborious. In this study, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in conjunction with Chemometrics was employed for rapid and non-destructive prediction of β-glucan content in oats. The interval Partial Least Square (iPLS) along with correlation matrix plots were employed to analyze the NIR spectrum from 700–1300 nm, 1300–1900 nm, and 1900–2500 nm for the selection of important wavelengths for the prediction of β-glucan. The NIR spectral data were pre-treated using Savitzky Golay smoothening and normalization before employing partial least square regression (PLSR) analysis. The PLSR models were established based on the selection of wavelengths from PLS loading plots that present a high correlation with β-glucan content. It was observed that wavelength region 700–1300 nm is sufficient for the satisfactory prediction of β-glucan of hulled and naked oats with R2c of 0.789 and 0.677, respectively, and RMSE < 0.229.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sapodilla fruit quality using near-infrared spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuda Hadiwijaya
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Non Destructive

Fruit quality detection using near-infrared spectroscopy is a fast, accurate, and non-destructive method. Hence the fruits can still be marketed after the measurement. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of sapodilla fruit using near-infrared spectroscopy. The study was conducted in March to August 2017 at the Plant Production Technology Laboratory of Horticulture Division, Agriculture Faculty of Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. The method used in this study was multivariate data analysis of chemometrics. The spectra data were obtained using portable nearinfrared spectrometer (NirVana AG410, Integrated Spectronics Pty, Ltd, Australia) with wavelength range of 312-1050 nm. Calibration and prediction models were acquired using partial least square (PLS). The results revealed that non-destructive method using near-infrared spectrometer was able to measure sapodilla fruit quality such as, firmness, total dissolved solids, and color values including L*, a*, b*, ho, and C*.

GPS-DERIVED SECULAR VELOCITY FIELD AROUND SANGIHE ISLAND AND ITS IMPLICATION TO THE MOLUCCA SEA SEISMICITY

GEOMATIKA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Leni Sophia Heliani ◽  
Cecep Pratama ◽  
Parseno Parseno ◽  
Nurrohmat Widjajanti ◽  
Dwi Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Least Square ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
West Side ◽  
Active Deformation ◽  
Secular Motion ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Linear Least Square

<p><em>Sangihe-Moluccas region is the most active seismicity in Indonesia. Between 2015 to 2018 there is four M6 class earthquake occurred close to the Sangihe-Moluccas region. These seismic active regions representing active deformation which is recorded on installed GPS for both campaign and continuous station. However, the origin of those frequent earthquakes has not been well understood especially related to GPS-derived secular motion. Therefore, we intend to estimate the secular motion inside and around Sangihe island. On the other hand, we also evaluate the effect of seismicity on GPS sites. Since our GPS data were conducted on yearly basis, we used an empirical global model of surface displacement due to coseismic activity. We calculate the offset that may be contained in the GPS site during its period</em><em>. </em><em>We remove the offset and estimate again the secular motion using linear least square. Hence, in comparison with the secular motion without considering the seismicity, we observe small change but systematically shifting the motion. We concluded the seismicity in the Molucca sea from 2015 to 2018 systematically change the secular motion around Sangihe Island at the sub-mm level. Finally, we obtained the secular motion toward each other between the east and west side within 1 to 5.5 cm/year displacement. </em></p>

Rapid Determining Contents of the Rhubarb Anthraquinones Compounds by Support Vector Machines Modeling based on Near Infrared Spectra

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linqi Liu ◽  
JInhua Luo ◽  
Chenxi Zhao ◽  
Bingxue Zhang ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra ◽  
Aloe Emodin ◽  
Relative Differences

BACKGROUND: Measuring medicinal compounds to evaluate their quality and efficacy has been recognized as a useful approach in treatment. Rhubarb anthraquinones compounds (mainly including aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) are its main effective components as purgating drug. In the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the total anthraquinones content is designated as its quantitative quality and control index while the content of each compound has not been specified. METHODS: On the basis of forty rhubarb samples, the correlation models between the near infrared spectra and UPLC analysis data were constructed using support vector machine (SVM) and partial least square (PLS) methods according to Kennard and Stone algorithm for dividing the calibration/prediction datasets. Good models mean they have high correlation coefficients (R2) and low root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) values. RESULTS: The models constructed by SVM have much better performance than those by PLS methods. The SVM models have high R2 of 0.8951, 0.9738, 0.9849, 0.9779, 0.9411 and 0.9862 that correspond to aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion and total anthraquinones contents, respectively. The corresponding RMSEPs are 0.3592, 0.4182, 0.4508, 0.7121, 0.8365 and 1.7910, respectively. 75% of the predicted results have relative differences being lower than 10%. As for rhein and total anthraquinones, all of the predicted results have relative differences being lower than 10%. CONCLUSION: The nonlinear models constructed by SVM showed good performances with predicted values close to the experimental values. This can perform the rapid determination of the main medicinal ingredients in rhubarb medicinal materials.

scholarly journals Research Note: Non-destructive Detection of Super Grade Chick Embryos or Hatchlings using Near-infrared Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
pp. 101189
Author(s):  
Alin Khaliduzzaman ◽  
Ayuko Kashimori ◽  
Tetsuhito Suzuki ◽  
Yuichi Ogawa ◽  
Naoshi Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Non Destructive
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