scholarly journals Development of a Colorimetric Sensor for Autonomous, Networked, Real-Time Application

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5857
Author(s):  
Brandy J. Johnson ◽  
Anthony P. Malanoski ◽  
Jeffrey S. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Broad Area ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Real Time Application ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Event Occurrence

This review describes an ongoing effort intended to develop wireless sensor networks for real-time monitoring of airborne targets across a broad area. The goal is to apply the spectrophotometric characteristics of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins in a colorimetric array for detection and discrimination of changes in the chemical composition of environmental air samples. The work includes hardware, software, and firmware design as well as development of algorithms for identification of event occurrence and discrimination of targets. Here, we describe the prototype devices and algorithms related to this effort as well as work directed at selection of indicator arrays for use with the system. Finally, we review the field trials completed with the prototype devices and discuss the outlook for further development.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Optimal Vibrotactile Feedback for Force-Controlled Upper Limb Myoelectric Prostheses

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gonzalez-Rodriguez ◽  
Jose L. Ramon ◽  
Vicente Morell ◽  
Gabriel J. Garcia ◽  
Jorge Pomares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Vibrotactile Feedback ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Myoelectric Prostheses ◽  
Amplitude Level ◽  
Real Time Application ◽  
Selection Of

The main goal of this study is to evaluate how to optimally select the best vibrotactile pattern to be used in a closed loop control of upper limb myoelectric prostheses as a feedback of the exerted force. To that end, we assessed both the selection of actuation patterns and the effects of the selection of frequency and amplitude parameters to discriminate between different feedback levels. A single vibrotactile actuator has been used to deliver the vibrations to subjects participating in the experiments. The results show no difference between pattern shapes in terms of feedback perception. Similarly, changes in amplitude level do not reflect significant improvement compared to changes in frequency. However, decreasing the number of feedback levels increases the accuracy of feedback perception and subject-specific variations are high for particular participants, showing that a fine-tuning of the parameters is necessary in a real-time application to upper limb prosthetics. In future works, the effects of training, location, and number of actuators will be assessed. This optimized selection will be tested in a real-time proportional myocontrol of a prosthetic hand.

scholarly journals Proposed Technique for Transport Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for Multimedia Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farizah Yunus ◽  
N-S. N. Ismail ◽  
S. H. Syed Ariffin ◽  
A. A. Shahidan ◽  
S. K. Syed Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Multimedia Application ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Transmission Protocol ◽  
Transport Protocol ◽  
Real Time Application

Recently, reliable data transport in wireless sensor network becomes very crucial for real-time application with different application requirements. Real time multimedia application requires large bandwidth and big memory in the network in order to send video data and needs to arrive at destination in time. Data that arrives at the receiver not in time will be discarded and cannot be played because loss recovery through retransmission of data loss may introduce long delays. Therefore, an implementation of transport protocol in wireless sensor network for multimedia application is a challenging task. Traditional protocol likes TCP and UDP cannot directly applied for real-time communication over wireless sensor network because the lack of functions of real-time services and the unique characteristics of sensor node itself. However there is another transport protocol which is the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) that provides multi-stream service for single connection. This feature can be applied for video transmission according to the type of frame to be transmitted. Thus, to achieve the high reliability video data delivery, the advantages of multi-streaming features in SCTP with the combination of low data rate wireless sensor networks will be applied for the new proposed transport protocol. Besides that, transport protocol algorithm also allows maximum network lifetime due to the limited operating lifetime of sensor node and multimedia also is a highly power consuming task. Thus, to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor network, an efficient transport protocol need to support reliable message delivery and provide congestion control in the most energy efficient. This paper focuses on the existing transport protocols for real-time application and the future protocol that provides the entire requirement of transport protocol.

scholarly journals Low latency and energy efficient cluster based routing design for wireless sensor network

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Basavaraj G.N ◽  
Jaidhar C.D
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Sensor Device ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Real Time Application

<span>Wireless sensor network (WSN) has attained wide adoption across various sectors and is considered to be key component of future real-time application such as BigData, Internet of things (IoT) etc. The modern application requires low latency and scalable real-time data access considering heterogeneous network. However, provisioning low latency real-time data access incurs energy overhead among sensor device. Clustering technique aided in providing scalability and minimizing energy consumption among sensor device. However, it incurs energy overhead among cluster head and sensor device closer to sink. To address, many optimization technique is been presented in recent time for optimal cluster selection. However, these technique are designed considering homogenous network. To address, this work presented Low Latency and Energy Efficient Routing (LLEER) design for heterogeneous WSN. The LLEER adopts multi-objective function such as</span><span>connectivity, connection time, radio signal strength, coverage time, and network traffic for cluster head and hop node selection. Experiment are conducted to evaluate LLEER design shows significant performance improvement over state-of-art model in terms of network lifetime considering total node death, first node death, and loss of connectivity, communication overhead, and packet transmission latency. Proposed LLEER brings a good trade-off between energy efficiency, and latency requirement of future real-time application.<span>   </span></span>

A Survey - Confrontation with Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Jitendra Bahadur Singh ◽  
R. C. Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Real Time Application

The main objective to use wireless sensor network (WSN) is to collect data across various nodes and send the collected data to sink for processing. This is typically the scenario in any real-time application of WSN. In this paper, the authors review various existing methods in data aggregation, list out the research challenges faced by the researchers and propose solutions for each method.

scholarly journals APPLICATION FEATURES OF CONCRETE STRENGTH MONITORING SENSORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
А.S. Тulebekova ◽  
◽  
Ye.B. Utepov ◽  
Sh.Zh. Zharasov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Strength Gain ◽  
Sensor Location ◽  
Type Selection ◽  
Concrete Maturity ◽  
Selection Of

The paper presents an algorithm of application of concrete strength monitoring sensors taking into account such features as a selection of sensor type, selection of concrete mixture calibration method according to regulated requirements, consideration of concrete maturity sensor location, degree of influence of hardening temperature on strength gain based on isotherms construction. This algorithm was reflected in practice, as the wireless sensor for concrete strength monitoring developed within the project was applied according to the selected scheme in real-time.

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