scholarly journals TSCH-Sim: Scaling Up Simulations of TSCH and 6TiSCH Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5663
Author(s):  
Atis Elsts
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Channel Hopping ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Network Simulations ◽  
Low Power Wireless Networks

TSCH (Time-Slotted Channel Hopping) and 6TiSCH (IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4e) low-power wireless networks are becoming prominent in the industrial Internet of Things (IoT) and other areas where high reliability is needed in conjunction with energy efficiency. Due to the complexity of IoT deployments, network simulations are typically used for pre-deployment design and validation. However, it is currently difficult and time-consuming to simulate large-scale IoT networks with thousands of nodes. This paper proposes TSCH-Sim: a new discrete event simulator for IEEE 802.15.4-2015 TSCH and 6TiSCH networks. The evaluation shows that simulation results obtained with TSCH-Sim show a good match with results from other simulators that are commonly used to investigate TSCH networks. At the same time, TSCH-Sim is faster than these alternatives at least by an order of magnitude, making it more practical to carry out simulations of large networks.

scholarly journals ECTS: Enhanced Centralized TSCH Scheduling with Packet Aggregation for Industrial IoT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Michaelides ◽  
Toni Adame ◽  
Boris Bellalta
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Fixed Size ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Packet Aggregation ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Channel Hopping

The Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) has gained a lot of momentum thanks to the introduction of Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) in IEEE 802.15.4. At last, we can enjoy collision-free, low-latency wireless communication in challenging environments. Nevertheless, the fixed size of time slots in TSCH provides an opportunity for further enhancements. In this paper, we propose an enhanced centralized TSCH scheduling (ECTS) algorithm with simple packet aggregation while collecting data over a tree topology. Having in mind that the payload of a sensor node is rather short, we attempt to put more than one payload in one packet. Thus, we occupy just one cell to forward them. We investigated the schedule compactness of ECTS in Matlab, and we evaluated its operation, after implementing it in Contiki-NG, using Cooja. Our results show that ECTS with packet aggregation outperforms TASA in terms of slotframe duration and imposes fairness among the nodes in terms of latency. A validation exercise using real motes confirms its successful operation in real deployments.

scholarly journals ECTS: Enhanced Centralized TSCH Scheduling with Packet Aggregation for Industrial IoT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas Michaelides ◽  
Toni Adame ◽  
Boris Bellalta
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Fixed Size ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Packet Aggregation ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Channel Hopping

The Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) has gained a lot of momentum thanks to the introduction of Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) in IEEE 802.15.4. At last, we can enjoy collision-free, low-latency wireless communication in challenging environments. Nevertheless, the fixed size of time slots in TSCH provides an opportunity for further enhancements. In this paper, we propose an enhanced centralized TSCH scheduling (ECTS) algorithm with simple packet aggregation while collecting data over a tree topology. Having in mind that the payload of a sensor node is rather short, we attempt to put more than one payload in one packet. Thus, we occupy just one cell to forward them. We investigated the schedule compactness of ECTS in Matlab, and we evaluated its operation, after implementing it in Contiki-NG, using Cooja. Our results show that ECTS with packet aggregation outperforms TASA in terms of slotframe duration and imposes fairness among the nodes in terms of latency. A validation exercise using real motes confirms its successful operation in real deployments.

scholarly journals Reducing Interference via Link Adaptation in Delay-Critical Wireless Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Mandelli ◽  
Alessandro Lieto ◽  
Mark Razenberg ◽  
Andreas Weber ◽  
Thorsten Wild
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Link Adaptation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Radio Resources ◽  
Critical Traffic

Abstract One of the current 6G wireless networks research's trends is to investigate short distance and dense scenarios, where users are locally connected in sub-networks. Such use case is critical to support the advances of industrial internet of things or Industry 4.0, e.g. connecting an entire group of sensors and actuators of a robot. Therefore, schemes that can properly manage the interference must be deployed in practical systems to allow the promised performance advances of 6G . Targeting these high density scenarios, we describe the Power Optimization for Low Interference and Throughput Enhancement (POLITE) paradigm for link adaptation and power allocation, which leverages available radio resources to stabilize and reduce the interference. The baseline link adaptation schemes are compared with POLITE in their performance in a 3GPP -calibrated system level simulator for industrial scenarios. As services in industrial environments require high reliability under constrained delays, we propose different delay-aware formulations in the POLITE design. In this work we provide solutions both for relaxed delay requirements and for latency critical traffic, whose delay must be minimized. In particular, in the latter case, we propose also modifications of user selection and resource allocation procedures to further improve the reliability and latency. Simulation results prove the benefits of POLITE in terms of increased throughput, fulfillment of relaxed and delay-critical requirements, with an overall reduced transmit power compared to the current baseline link adaptation schemes.

scholarly journals Collision-Free Advertisement Scheduling for IEEE 802.15.4-TSCH Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Karalis ◽  
Dimitrios Zorbas ◽  
Christos Douligeris
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Channel Hopping ◽  
Transmission Schedule ◽  
Scheduling Method

IEEE802.15.4-time slotted channel hopping (TSCH) is a medium access control (MAC) protocol designed to support wireless device networking, offering high reliability and low power consumption, two features that are desirable in the industrial internet of things (IIoT). The formation of an IEEE802.15.4-TSCH network relies on the periodic transmissions of network advertising frames called enhanced beacons (EB). The scheduling of EB transmissions plays a crucial role both in the joining time and in the power consumption of the nodes. The existence of collisions between EB is an important factor that negatively affects the performance. In the worst case, all the neighboring EB transmissions of a node may collide, a phenomenon which we call a full collision. Most of the EB scheduling methods that have been proposed in the literature are fully or partially based on randomness in order to create the EB transmission schedule. In this paper, we initially show that the randomness can lead to a considerable probability of collisions, and, especially, of full collisions. Subsequently, we propose a novel autonomous EB scheduling method that eliminates collisions using a simple technique that does not increase the power consumption. To the best of our knowledge, our proposed method is the first non-centralized EB scheduling method that fully eliminates collisions, and this is guaranteed even if there are mobile nodes. To evaluate our method, we compare our proposal with recent and state-of-the-art non-centralized network-advertisement scheduling methods. Our evaluation does not consider only fixed topology networks, but also networks with mobile nodes, a scenario which has not been examined before. The results of our simulations demonstrate the superiority of our method in terms of joining time and energy consumption.

scholarly journals On the Use of LoRaWAN for Indoor Industrial IoT Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Luvisotto ◽  
Federico Tramarin ◽  
Lorenzo Vangelista ◽  
Stefano Vitturi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
General Description ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Industrial Monitoring

Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) have recently emerged as appealing communication systems in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). Particularly, they proved effective in typical IoT applications such as environmental monitoring and smart metering. Such networks, however, have a great potential also in the industrial scenario and, hence, in the context of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), which represents a dramatically growing field of application. In this paper we focus on a specific LPWAN, namely, LoRaWAN, and provide an assessment of its performance for typical IIoT employments such as those represented by indoor industrial monitoring applications. In detail, after a general description of LoRaWAN, we discuss how to set some of its parameters in order to achieve the best performance in the considered industrial scenario. Subsequently we present the outcomes of a performance assessment, based on realistic simulations, aimed at evaluating the behavior of LoRaWAN for industrial monitoring applications. Moreover, the paper proposes a comparison with the IEEE 802.15.4 network protocol, which is often adopted in similar application contexts. The obtained results confirm that LoRaWAN can be considered as a strongly viable opportunity, since it is able to provide high reliability and timeliness, while ensuring very low energy consumption.

scholarly journals IoTactileSim: A Virtual Testbed for Tactile Industrial Internet of Things Services

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8363
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubair Islam ◽  
Shahzad ◽  
Rashid Ali ◽  
Amir Haider ◽  
Hyungseok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Virtual Testbed ◽  
Robotic Simulator

With the inclusion of tactile Internet (TI) in the industrial sector, we are at the doorstep of the tactile Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). This provides the ability for the human operator to control and manipulate remote industrial environments in real-time. The TI use cases in IIoT demand a communication network, including ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability, availability, and security. Additionally, the lack of the tactile IIoT testbed has made it more severe to investigate and improve the quality of services (QoS) for tactile IIoT applications. In this work, we propose a virtual testbed called IoTactileSim, that offers implementation, investigation, and management for QoS provisioning in tactile IIoT services. IoTactileSim utilizes a network emulator Mininet and robotic simulator CoppeliaSim to perform real-time haptic teleoperations in virtual and physical environments. It provides the real-time monitoring of the implemented technology parametric values, network impairments (delay, packet loss), and data flow between operator (master domain) and teleoperator (slave domain). Finally, we investigate the results of two tactile IIoT environments to prove the potential of the proposed IoTactileSim testbed.

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