scholarly journals A Study on Determining Time-Of-Flight Difference of Overlapping Ultrasonic Signal: Wave-Transform Network

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5140
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Tong Wu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xuyang Gao ◽  
Zhenqiu Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Ultrasonic Signal ◽  
Signal Wave ◽  
Buried Pipelines ◽  
Ultrasonic Echo ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Novel Method

An ultrasonic sensors system is commonly used to measure the wall thickness of buried pipelines in the transportation of oil and gas. The key of the system is to precisely measure time-of-flight difference (TOFD) produced by the reflection of ultrasonic on the inner and outer surfaces of the pipelines. In this paper, based on deep learning, a novel method termed Wave-Transform Network is proposed to tackle the issues. The network consists of two parts: part 1 is designed to separate the potential overlapping ultrasonic echo signals generated from two surfaces, and part 2 is utilized to divide the sample points of each signal into two types corresponding to before and after the arrival time of ultrasonic echo, which can determine the time-of-flight (TOF) of each signal and calculate the thickness of pipelines. Numerical simulation and actual experiments are carried out, and the results show satisfactory performances.

Deep fluids and their role in hydrocarbon migration and oil deposit formation exemplified by supercritical СO2

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sara LIFSHITS
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Hydrocarbon Migration ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Oil Source

ABSTRACT Hydrocarbon migration mechanism into a reservoir is one of the most controversial in oil and gas geology. The research aimed to study the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (СО2) on the permeability of sedimentary rocks (carbonates, argillite, oil shale), which was assessed by the yield of chloroform extracts and gas permeability (carbonate, argillite) before and after the treatment of rocks with supercritical СО2. An increase in the permeability of dense potentially oil-source rocks has been noted, which is explained by the dissolution of carbonates to bicarbonates due to the high chemical activity of supercritical СО2 and water dissolved in it. Similarly, in geological processes, the introduction of deep supercritical fluid into sedimentary rocks can increase the permeability and, possibly, the porosity of rocks, which will facilitate the primary migration of hydrocarbons and improve the reservoir properties of the rocks. The considered mechanism of hydrocarbon migration in the flow of deep supercritical fluid makes it possible to revise the time and duration of the formation of gas–oil deposits decreasingly, as well as to explain features in the formation of various sources of hydrocarbons and observed inflow of oil into operating and exhausted wells.

Effect of Full- and Small-Scale Reeling Simulation on Mechanical Properties of Weldable 13Cr Seamless Line Pipe

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Shitamoto ◽  
Nobuyuki Hisamune
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Line Pipe ◽  
Offshore Pipeline ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

There are several methods currently being used to install offshore oil and gas pipelines. The reel-lay process is fast and one of the most effective offshore pipeline installation methods for seamless, ERW, and UOE line pipes with outside diameters of 18 inches or less. In the case of the reel-laying method, line pipes are subjected to plastic deformation multiplication during reel-laying. It is thus important to understand the change of the mechanical properties of line pipes before and after reel-laying. Therefore, full-scale reeling (FSR) simulations and small-scale reeling (SSR) simulations are applied as evaluation tests for reel-laying. In this study, FSR simulations were performed to investigate the effect of cyclic deformation on the mechanical properties of weldable 13Cr seamless line pipes. Furthermore, SSR simulations were performed to compare the results obtained by FSR simulations.

Three Dimensional Bacteria Concentration by Negative Dielectrophoresis

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 251-256
Author(s):  
T. Hisajima ◽  
L. Mao ◽  
K. Shinzato ◽  
M. Nakano ◽  
J. Suehiro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Dielectric Layer ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Escherichia Coli Cells ◽  
Opposite Electrode ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Thin Dielectric Layer

Thispaper reports a novel method to concentrate bacteria in three-dimension by negative dielectrophoretic (n-DEP) force in a microchannel. This was achieved by placing a thin dielectric layer on one of a pair of parallel plate electrodes. The dielectric layer having a home-plate like pentagonal shape, forms a gradient of electric field causing n-DEP. A three-dimensional numerical simulation of bacteria trajectory predicts that bacteria flowing a microchannel were three-dimensionally concentrated beneath the tip of the pentagonal dielectric thin layer. The trajectory and concentration of bacteria under n-DEP force were also experimentally confirmed using Escherichia coli cells. Bacteria moved along edges of the dielectric layer and were pushed to the opposite electrode, resulting in their concentration in three-dimension. The proposed device might be applicable to selective concentration of bacteria depending on their dielectric properties.

scholarly journals Application of a Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Seven Allergenic Foods in Flour and Bread and Comparison of the Method with Commercially Available ELISA Test Kits

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 1060-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Heick ◽  
Markus Fischer ◽  
Sandra Kerbach ◽  
Ulrike Tamm ◽  
Bert Popping
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Spectrometry Method ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Model Matrix ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Detection Capabilities ◽  
Baked Products

Abstract To protect the allergic consumer, analytical methods need to be capable of detecting allergens in fnished products that typically contain multiple allergens. An LC/MS/MS method for simultaneous detection of seven allergens was developed and compared with commercially available ELISA kits. The detection capabilities of this novel method were demonstrated by analyzing incurred material containing milk, egg, soy, peanut, hazelnut, walnut, and almond. Bread was chosen as a model matrix. To assess the influence of baking on the method’s performance, analysis was done before and after baking. The same samples were analyzed with ELISA test kits from ELISA Systems, Morinaga, Neogen, and r-Biopharm. Peanut, hazelnut, walnut, and almond could be detected with both ELISA and LC/MS/MS regardless of whether the product was baked or not. LC/MS/MS clearly showed superior detection of milk in processed matrixes compared to ELISA, which exhibited signifcantly lower sensitivities when analyzing the baked products. Similar results were obtained when analyzing egg; however, one kit was capable of detecting egg in the processed samples as well.

scholarly journals Experimental and numerical simulation of buried pipelines subjected to large permanent ground displacements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Άγγελος Τσάτσης
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Buried Pipelines ◽  
Ground Displacements

[…] Η παρούσα Διδακτορική Διατριβή αποτελείται από δύο κύριες ενότητες. Η πρώτη ενότητα είναι αφιερωμένη στην απόκριση υπογείων αγωγών υποβαλλόμενων σε τεκτονική διάρρηξη κατακόρυφης βύθισης (κανονικά και ανάστροφα ρήγματα). Στόχος είναι η πλήρης προσομοίωση της διάρρηξης από το βραχώδες υπόβαθρο έως την επιφάνεια του εδάφους και η ταυτόχρονη μελέτη της δομητικής απόκρισης του αγωγού. Πλέον της ανελαστικής ανάλυσης του εδάφους και των συνθηκών επαφής εδάφους-αγωγού, ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίδεται στην ορθή ανάλυση της εντόνως μη-γραμμικής απόκρισης του μεταλλικού κελύφους. Η δεύτερη ενότητα αναφέρεται στην απόκριση υπογείων αγωγών υποβαλλόμενων σε μεγάλες εδαφικές μετακινήσεις λόγω ενεργοποίησης περιστροφικής κατολίσθησης. Και για τις δύο (2) φορτίσεις καταρτήθηκε κατάλληλη αριθμητική μεθοδολογία η οποία εν συνεχεία βαθμονομήθηκε και επαληθεύτηκε έναντι πειραμάτων της βιβλιογραφίας αλλά και πειραμάτων μικρής κλίμακας που διεξήχθησαν στο Εργαστήριο Εδαφομηχανικής του Ε.Μ.Π. […]

Numerical Simulation on Deformation Features and Filling Efficiency of Channel Goaf Foundation

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 3707-3712
Author(s):  
Zhi Dong Zhou ◽  
Hong Bo Zhang ◽  
Xiu Guang Song ◽  
Hong Ya Yue
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Check Gate ◽  
Deformation Features ◽  
Natural Foundation ◽  
The Stability

For analyzing and evaluating the deformation features of channel goaf foundation and its effect on superstructure, according to the foundation reinforcement engineering of Ji-Liang Channel Check Gate, the comparative analysis on the differential settlement between the unfavorable foundation and natural foundation was performed by numerical simulation with FLAC3D. The computer results showed that the present foundation had obvious effect on the stability and security of the superstructure, so the engineering treatment are needed. Based on technical-economic comprehensive analysis among three treatment methods for strengthening the channel golf foundation with different kinds of filling, the reasonable method is put forward in this paper. By comparing mechanical characteristic of flashboard in channel goaf before and after strengthening, we confirmed the foundation stability of channel goaf and the security of the ground building which can satisfy the long term usage requirements.

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