scholarly journals Vital Sign Detection during Large-Scale and Fast Body Movements Based on an Adaptive Noise Cancellation Algorithm Using a Single Doppler Radar Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Kai Yang ◽  
Heping Shi ◽  
Sheng Zhao ◽  
Xiang-Dong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Vital Sign ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Noise Cancellation ◽  
Home Healthcare ◽  
Adaptive Noise Cancellation ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Radar Sensor ◽  
Sign Detection ◽  
Adaptive Noise

The non-contact detection of human vital signs (i.e., respiration rate (RR) and heartbeat rate (HR)) using a continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar sensor has great potential for intensive care monitoring, home healthcare, etc. However, large-scale and fast random body movement (RBM) has been a bottleneck for vital sign detection using a single CW Doppler radar. To break this dilemma, this study proposed a scheme combining adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) with polynomial fitting, which could retrieve the weak components of both respiration and heartbeat signals that were submerged under serious RBM interference. In addition, the new-type discrete cosine transform (N-DCT) was introduced to improve the detection accuracy. This scheme was first verified using a numerical simulation. Then, experiments utilizing a 10-GHz Doppler radar sensor that was built from general-purpose radio frequency (RF) and communication instruments were also carried out. No extra RF/microwave components and modules were needed, and neither was a printed circuit board nor an integrated-chip design required. The experimental results showed that both the RR and HR could still be extracted during large-scale and fast body movements using only a single Doppler radar sensor because the RBM noises could be greatly eliminated by utilizing the proposed ANC algorithm.

scholarly journals Recent Development of Non-Contact Multi-Target Vital Sign Detection and Location Tracking Based on Metamaterial Leaky Wave Antennas

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3619
Author(s):  
Yichao Yuan ◽  
Chung-Tse Michael Wu
Keyword(s):  
Vital Sign ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Phase Shifters ◽  
Location Tracking ◽  
Radar Sensor ◽  
Leaky Wave ◽  
Multiple Targets ◽  
Microwave Radar ◽  
Sign Detection

Microwave radar sensors have been developed for non-contact monitoring of the health condition and location of targets, which will cause minimal discomfort and eliminate sanitation issues, especially in a pandemic situation. To this end, several radar sensor architectures and algorithms have been proposed to detect multiple targets at different locations. Traditionally, beamforming techniques incorporating phase shifters or mechanical rotors are utilized, which is relatively complex and costly. On the other hand, metamaterial (MTM) leaky wave antennas (LWAs) have a unique property of launching waves of different spectral components in different directions. This feature can be utilized to detect multiple targets at different locations to obtain their healthcare and location information accurately, without complex structure and high cost. To this end, this paper reviews the recent development of MTM LWA-based radar sensor architectures for vital sign detection and location tracking. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of MTM vital sign radar compared with different radar sensor architectures.

scholarly journals Adaptive Noise Cancellation of an Analog Fiber Optic Link

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Noise Cancellation ◽  
Adaptive Noise Cancellation ◽  
Fiber Link ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Adaptive Noise

There are three dominant noise mechanisms in an analog optical fiber link. These are shot noise that is proportional to the mean optical power, relative intensity noise (RIN) that is proportional to the square of the instanteaneous optical power. This report describes an adaptive noise cancellation of these dominant noise processes that persist an analog optical fiber link. The performance of an analog optical fiber link is analyzed by taking the effects of these noise processes. Analytical and simulation results show that some improvement in signal to noise ratio (SNR) and this filter is effective to remove noise adaptively from the optical fiber link.

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