scholarly journals Collaborative Solutions for Interference Management in GNSS-Based Aircraft Navigation

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4085
Author(s):  
Mario Nicola ◽  
Gianluca Falco ◽  
Ruben Morales Ferre ◽  
Elena-Simona Lohan ◽  
Alberto de la Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Interference Management ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Management Concept

Nowadays, the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) technology is not the primary means of navigation for civil aviation and Air Traffic Control, but its role is increasing. Consequently, the vulnerabilities of GNSSs to Radio Frequency Interference, including the dangerous intentional sources of interference (i.e., jamming and spoofing), raise concerns and special attention also in the aviation field. This panorama urges for figuring out effective solutions able to cope with GNSS interference and preserve safety of operations. In the frame of a Single European Sky Air traffic management Research (SESAR) Exploratory Research initiative, a novel, effective, and affordable concept of GNSS interference management for civil aviation has been developed. This new interference management concept is able to raise early warnings to the on-board navigation system about the detection of interfering signals and their classification, and then to estimate the Direction of Arrival (DoA) of the source of interference allowing the adoption of appropriate countermeasures against the individuated source. This paper describes the interference management concept and presents the on-field tests which allowed for assessing the reached level of performance and confirmed the applicability of this approach to the aviation applications.

A Study on Geometric and Barometric Altitude Data in Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) Messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140-1158
Author(s):  
Busyairah Syd Ali ◽  
Nur Asheila Taib
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Vertical Separation ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Flight Level ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

In Air Traffic Control (ATC), aircraft altitude data is used to keep an aircraft within a specified minimum distance vertically from other aircraft, terrain and obstacles to reduce the risk of collision. Two types of altitude data are downlinked by radar; actual flight level (Mode C) and selected altitude (Mode S). Flight level indicates pressure altitude, also known as barometric altitude used by controllers for aircraft vertical separation. ‘Selected altitude’ presents intent only, and hence cannot be used for separation purposes. The emergence of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) has enabled geometric altitude on board and to the controllers via the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) system. In addition, ADS-B provides quality indicator parameters for both geometric and barometric altitudes. Availability of this information will enhance Air Traffic Management (ATM) safety. For example, incidents due to Altimetry System Error (ASE) may potentially be avoided with this information. This work investigates the use and availability of these parameters and studies the characteristics of geometric and barometric data and other data that complement the use of these altitude data in the ADS-B messages. Findings show that only 8·7% of the altitude deviation is < 245 feet (which is a requirement of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to operate in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace). This work provides an alert/guidance for future ground or airborne applications that may utilise geometric/barometric altitude data from ADS-B, to include safety barriers that can be found or analysed from the ADS-B messages itself to ensure ATM safety.

scholarly journals GNSS Navigation Threats Management on-Board of Aircraft

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Simona LOHAN ◽  
Ruben Morales FERRE ◽  
Philipp RICHTER ◽  
Emanuela FALLETTI ◽  
Gianluca FALCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Complexity Measures ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

This paper proposes low-complexity measures to be deployed on most aircraft to enable the management of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) interference, and in particularly of jamming and spoofing threats, in order to reach the Flightpath2050 safety and security targets. It is known that, if there is a jamming interference and GNSS navigation is lost, a disruption will be caused, requiring the likely intervention of Air Traffic Control. Also, the presence of a spoofing signal is a serious security threat with a potentially catastrophic impact on the safety of the aircraft and on any other ground infrastructure. Through our jamming and spoofing detection and localization stages, based on minimal additional infrastructure, we will reduce the time required to detect and localize an interfering source and, therefore, the time required to mitigate it and restore the nominal traffic operations. Our solutions will also improve the safety of the Air Traffic Management system. Moreover, the deployment of our solution, with its capability of localizing an interfering device, could be a deterrent to any agent interested in intentionally generating a jamming or spoofing signal, and so will reduce the likelihood of this type of interference events.

scholarly journals Cleared for Takeoff? A Snapshot of Context for Change in a High-Risk Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-305
Author(s):  
Eric Arne Lofquist ◽  
Scott G. Isaksen
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Readiness For Change ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Organizational Leaders ◽  
Person Environment Fit

Civil aviation is a high-risk industry where actors are experiencing increasing focus on economic performance, greater international competition, and growing safety threats that require continual organizational adjustments. In this article, we present the findings of a case study conducted within the Norwegian national air traffic management organization—Avinor, in preparation for a major reorganization initiative. In this study, we mapped the aggregated readiness and positioning for organizational change in the three main air traffic control centers in Norway using a mixed-method approach to person–environment Fit to help organizational leaders better understand each unit’s positioning for change, and more specifically, individual preferences for change styles. The results suggest that participants at the different air traffic control centers had developed distinctly different change preferences at both the group and individual levels, and that each was distinctly different from the other units in their positioning and readiness for change.

Modelling of the reference STARs procedures in the context of RPAS integration in non-segregated airspace

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1385-1392
Author(s):  
Daniel Lichoń
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Reference Shape ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Purpose This work presents the part of the research in the integration of the remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) in non-segregated airspace. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the reference shape of the Standard Instrument Arrivals (STARs) procedures of controlled airports. The STARs parameters are unique for the aerodromes and depend on navigational aids (NAVAIDs), manoeuvres and aircraft categories. Therefore, the elaboration of reference shapes was advisable in the context of RPAS integration research. Design/methodology/approach The models were based on the procedure design guidelines by International Civil Aviation Organization. The statistics of existing STARs were prepared using Aeronautical Information Publications to determine the representative procedural parameters. Construction of procedural shapes required to define the nominal flight path and tolerance areas. Findings In statistics, the standard deviation of distances was below the determined reference mean values, thus the models were convergent with existing procedures. Research limitations/implications The modelling was limited to initial, intermediate, final and missed approach segments. Arrival segment was not modelled. NAVAIDs include Instrument Landing System Category 1 (in final and missed approach) and very high-frequency omni-directional ranging or global navigation satellite systems (in initial and intermediate approach segments). Practical implications Prepared models may be used in research in the integration of the new types of aerial vehicles in existing air traffic management systems. Originality/value The reference STARs possess commonly used procedural manoeuvres (straight-in, turn, racetrack and base turn) and different NAVAIDs. The parameters of approach segments were determined as representative of the existing procedures. Moreover, the models are suitable to place at arbitrary origin and runway axis bearing.

Ensuring the implementation of the modernized structure and automation of air traffic control processes in the area of responsibility of the Moscow district of air traffic control

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
A. V. Strukova
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Management System ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Security System ◽  
System Description ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Traffic Management System

The article considers the new automated air traffic management system «Synthesis AR4», as well as a system description for ensuring the implementation of a modernized airspace structure, navigation and surveillance that provides technical capabilities. A number of functional capabilities and advantages of the airspace security system are presented.

scholarly journals Advanced Flight Planning and the Benefit of In-Flight Aircraft Trajectory Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Judith Rosenow ◽  
Martin Lindner ◽  
Joachim Scheiderer
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Trajectory Optimization ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Aircraft Trajectory

The implementation of Trajectory-Based Operations, invented by the Single European Sky Air Traffic Management Research program SESAR, enables airlines to fly along optimized waypoint-less trajectories and accordingly to significantly increase the sustainability of the air transport system in a business with increasing environmental awareness. However, unsteady weather conditions and uncertain weather forecasts might induce the necessity to re-optimize the trajectory during the flight. By considering a re-optimization of the trajectory during the flight they further support air traffic control towards achieving precise air traffic flow management and, in consequence, an increase in airspace and airport capacity. However, the re-optimization leads to an increase in the operator and controller’s task loads which must be balanced with the benefit of the re-optimization. From this follows that operators need a decision support under which circumstances and how often a trajectory re-optimization should be carried out. Local numerical weather service providers issue hourly weather forecasts for the coming hour. Such weather data sets covering three months were used to re-optimize a daily A320 flight from Seattle to New York every hour and to calculate the effects of this re-optimization on fuel consumption and deviation from the filed path. Therefore, a simulation-based trajectory optimization tool was used. Fuel savings between 0.5% and 7% per flight were achieved despite minor differences in wind speed between two consecutive weather forecasts in the order of 0.5 m s−1. The calculated lateral deviations from the filed path within 1 nautical mile were always very small. Thus, the method could be easily implemented in current flight operations. The developed performance indicators could help operators to evaluate the re-optimization and to initiate its activation as a new flight plan accordingly.

scholarly journals Co-Operative Air Traffic Management: Concept and Transition

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Prevot ◽  
Todd Callantine ◽  
Paul Lee ◽  
Joey Mercer ◽  
Vernol Battiste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic Management ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Management Concept

The Economics of Air Traffic Control

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Angus Hislop
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk

This paper is based mainly on a study carried out in 1976/7 for the UK Department of Industry into the long-term development of air traffic control systems in Europe by a team drawn from the Civil Aviation Authority, the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment and private industry, in which Coopers and Lybrand provided the economic expertise.Until the early 1970s, air traffic control was almost completely neglected by air transport economists. Economists contributed to the planning of airports and airline operations but not to the third facet of the air transport system. However, in 1970–1, in conjunction with a programme of expansion and improvement of the country's airports and airways, the US Department of Transportation launched a major study of the airport and airways system. This was designed to establish an equitable charging policy between the different categories of user but in the event its recommendations in this area have only recently begun to be followed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document