scholarly journals Unbalanced Hybrid AOA/RSSI Localization for Simplified Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3838
Author(s):  
Anh Tuyen Le ◽  
Le Chung Tran ◽  
Xiaojing Huang ◽  
Christian Ritz ◽  
Eryk Dutkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Source Positioning

Source positioning using hybrid angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimation and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is attractive because no synchronization is required among unknown nodes and anchors. Conventionally, hybrid AOA/RSSI localization combines the same number of these measurements to estimate the agents’ locations. However, since AOA estimation requires anchors to be equipped with large antenna arrays and complicated signal processing, this conventional combination makes the wireless sensor network (WSN) complicated. This paper proposes an unbalanced integration of the two measurements, called 1AOA/nRSSI, to simplify the WSN. Instead of using many anchors with large antenna arrays, the proposed method only requires one master anchor to provide one AOA estimation, while other anchors are simple single-antenna transceivers. By simply transforming the 1AOA/1RSSI information into two corresponding virtual anchors, the problem of integrating one AOA and N RSSI measurements is solved using the least square and subspace methods. The solutions are then evaluated to characterize the impact of angular and distance measurement errors. Simulation results show that the proposed network achieves the same level of precision as in a fully hybrid nAOA/nRSSI network with a slightly higher number of simple anchors.

scholarly journals Considerations about the Signal Level Measurement in Wireless Sensor Networks for Node Position Estimation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelian Dolha ◽  
Paul Negirla ◽  
Florin Alexa ◽  
Ioan Silea
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Node Localization ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Starting Point

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are widely used in different monitoring systems. Given the distributed nature of WSN, a constantly increasing number of research studies are concentrated on some important aspects: maximizing network autonomy, node localization, and data access security. The node localization and distance estimation algorithms have, as their starting points, different information provided by the nodes. The level of signal strength is often such a starting point. A system for Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) acquisition has been designed, implemented, and tested. In this paper, experiments in different operating environments have been conducted to show the variation of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) metric related to distance and geometrical orientation of the nodes and environment, both indoor and outdoor. Energy aware data transmission algorithms adjust the power consumed by the nodes according to the relative distance between the nodes. Experiments have been conducted to measure the current consumed by the node depending on the adjusted transmission power. In order to use the RSSI values as input for distance or location detection algorithms, the RSSI values can’t be used without intermediate processing steps to mitigate with the non-linearity of the measured values. The results of the measurements confirmed that the RSSI level varies with distance, geometrical orientation of the sensors, and environment characteristics.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of an IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Network on a Coastal Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Carlos Flores-Cortés ◽  
Raymundo Buenrostro-Mariscal ◽  
Antonio Gurrero-Ibañez ◽  
Fermín Estrada-González ◽  
Jesus Sandoval-Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Round Trip Delay

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have an enormous potential for investigating oceanographic problems such as the impact of industrial, touristic and commercial activities in coastal areas, among others. However, ocean waves, fog, humidity and other environmental conditions make difficult communication between nodes. This paper presents an evaluation on-site of the performance of an IEEE 802.15.4 WSN. In particular, received signal strength indication, throughput, round trip delay time and the rate of efficiency are evaluated.  Different settings were tested and results shown which settings performed better on these environments.

Analysis of the Realistic Resolution with Angle of Arrival for Indoor Positioning

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Nieuwenhuyse ◽  
L. De Strycker ◽  
N. Stevens ◽  
J.-P. Goemaere ◽  
B. Nauwelaers
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Phase Shifting ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Quadrature Demodulation ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Array Architecture

The increasing importance of localizing objects in indoor environments is the motivation for much research on localization algorithms. This paper focuses on the maximum achievable resolution for Angle of Arrival as a means to position objects inside rooms using equipment within the field of wireless sensor networks, thus dealing with restricted resources. A clear view on beamforming using antenna arrays is represented and is proven to be useful in Angle of Arrival measurements. A detailed overview of a dedicated algorithm, leads the authors to draw conclusions concerning the resolution. A reference value is defined, which allows the authors to calculate the realistic resolution for all room dimensions. In order to verify these theoretical outcomes with practical results, the development of a quadrature demodulation based antenna array architecture, operating at 2.4 GHz, is presented. The latter is based on a study of different phase shifting technologies.

A Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Based on the Weighted Correction in Geometric Measurement

2015 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
pp. 823-829
Author(s):  
Meng Long Cao ◽  
Chong Xin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Localization Algorithm ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Weighted Centroid Localization ◽  
Geometric Measurement

Firstly, the characteristics of regular Zigbee localization algorithms-the received signal strength indicator algorithm (RSSI) and the weighted centroid localization algorithm are introduced. Then, the factors of the errors existing in the aforementioned algorithms are analyzed. Based on these above, the improved RSSI algorithm-correction geometric measurement based on weighted is proposed. Finally, utilizing this algorithm to design and implement the localization nodes, which have the CC2431 wireless microcontroller on them. The simulation and experimental results show that the accuracy of this localization algorithm improved about 2%, comparing with the regular algorithms.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Empirical AoA Localization Technique for Indoor Applications

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Alma’aitah ◽  
Baha’ Alsaify ◽  
Raed Bani-Hani
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Localization Technique ◽  
Localization Accuracy

Small and pervasive devices have been increasingly used to identify and track objects automatically. Consequently, several low-cost localization schemes have been proposed in the literature based on angle of arrival (AoA), time difference of arrival (TDoA), received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or their combinations. In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional empirical AoA localization (TDEAL) technique for battery-powered devices. The proposed technique processes the AoA measurements at fixed reader nodes to estimate the locations of the tags. The proposed technique provides localization accuracy that mitigates non-linear empirical errors in AoA measurements. We utilize two omni-directional antenna arrays at each fixed reader node to estimate the location vector. With multiple location estimations from different fixed reader nodes, each estimated location is assigned a weight that is inversely proportional to the AoA phase-difference error. Furthermore, the actual AoA parabolic formula of the location is approximated to a cone to simplify the location calculation process. The proposed localization technique has a low hardware cost, low computational requirements, and precise location estimates. Based on the performance evaluation, significant location accuracy is achieved by TDEAL; where, for instance, an average error margin of less than 13 cm is achieved using 10 readers in an area of   10   m ×   10   m . TDEAL can be utilized to provide reference points when integrated with a relative (e.g., inertial navigation systems) localization systems.

scholarly journals Research on Wireless Sensor Network Security Location Based on Received Signal Strength Indicator Sybil Attack

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hongbin Wang ◽  
Liping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Transmission Function ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Received Signal Strength ◽  
Time Inconsistency ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sybil Attack ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Sensor Network Security

This paper studies the security location mechanism of the sensor network node under the attack of Sybil and analyzes the safe attacks which are possibly accepted and safe requirement in the location system. Since RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) possesses the energy transmission function, different transmission energy will cause it to produce different RSSI readings. Furthermore, this kind of method cannot increase the burden on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). It conducts an analysis between two receiving nodes, compares RSSI ratios to tickle the problem of time inconsistency of RSSI, and sets a threshold to detect Sybil by the emulation results. Research shows that the ratio value of different receiving nodes by using RSSI can resolve time difference because of the RSSI or unreliability which results from the asymmetry of transmission ratio. The thesis makes a comparison that the number of receiving nodes has an influence on attack effect. Utilizing the RSSI ratio values can exactly detect the Sybil attack. Emulation findings demonstrate that the detection method put forward by the thesis owns better security.

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