scholarly journals Effects of Novel Inverted Rocker Orthoses for First Metatarsophalangeal Joint on Gastrocnemius Muscle Electromyographic Activity during Running: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3205
Author(s):  
Rubén Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
Carlos Romero-Morales ◽  
Álvaro Gómez-Carrión ◽  
Blanca De-la-Cruz-Torres ◽  
Ignacio Zaragoza-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint

Background: The mobility of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (I MPTJ) has been related to the proper windlass mechanism and the triceps surae during the heel-off phase of running gait; the orthopedic treatment of the I MPTJ restriction has been made with typical Morton extension orthoses (TMEO). Nowadays it is unclear what effects TMEO or the novel inverted rocker orthoses (NIRO) have on the EMG activity of triceps surae during running. Objective: To compare the TMEO effects versus NIRO on EMG triceps surae on medialis and lateralis gastrocnemius activity during running. Study design: A cross-sectional pilot study. Methods: 21 healthy, recreational runners were enrolled in the present research (mean age 31.41 ± 4.33) to run on a treadmill at 9 km/h using aleatory NIRO of 6 mm, NIRO of 8 mm, TMEO of 6 mm, TMEO of 8 mm, and sports shoes only (SO), while the muscular EMG of medial and lateral gastrocnemius activity during 30 s was recorded. Statistical intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to test reliability was calculated and the Wilcoxon test of all five different situations were tested. Results: The reliability of values was almost perfect. Data showed that the gastrocnemius lateralis increased its EMG activity between SO vs. NIRO-8 mm (22.27 ± 2.51 vs. 25.96 ± 4.68 mV, p < 0.05) and SO vs. TMEO-6mm (22.27 ± 2.51 vs. 24.72 ± 5.08 mV, p < 0.05). Regarding gastrocnemius medialis, values showed an EMG notable increase in activity between SO vs. NIRO-6mm (22.93 ± 2.1 vs. 26.44 ± 3.63, p < 0.001), vs. NIRO-8mm (28.89 ± 3.6, p < 0.001), and vs. TMEO-6mm (25.12 ± 3.51, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Both TMEO and NIRO have shown an increased EMG of the lateralis and medialis gastrocnemius muscles activity during a full running cycle gait. Clinicians should take into account the present evidence when they want to treat I MTPJ restriction with orthoses, and consider the inherent triceps surae muscular cost relative to running economy.

scholarly journals Electromyographic Activity in the EEG in Alzheimer's Disease: Noise or Signal?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin van der Hiele ◽  
Robert H. A. M. Reijntjes ◽  
Alla A. Vein ◽  
Rudi G. J. Westendorp ◽  
Mark A. van Buchem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Theta Activity ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Behavioural Aspects

Many efforts have been directed at negating the influence of electromyographic (EMG) activity on the EEG, especially in elderly demented patients. We wondered whether these “artifacts” might reflect cognitive and behavioural aspects of dementia. In this pilot study, 11 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), 13 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 13 controls underwent EEG registration. As EMG measures, we used frontal and temporal 50–70 Hz activity. We found that the EEGs of AD patients displayed more theta activity, less alpha reactivity, and more frontal EMG than controls. Interestingly, increased EMG activity indicated more cognitive impairment and more depressive complaints. EEG variables on the whole distinguished better between groups than EMG variables, but an EMG variable was best for the distinction between MCI and controls. Our results suggest that EMG activity in the EEG could be more than noise; it differs systematically between groups and may reflect different cerebral functions than the EEG.

scholarly journals Lifetime occupation is not associated with radiographic osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in a cohort study of UK women

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cherry ◽  
L. Gates ◽  
N. K. Arden ◽  
C. J. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
High Heel ◽  
Radiographic Osteoarthritis

Abstract Objective The study aim was to determine whether lifetime occupation was associated with the presence of radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) in women. Method Data were collected from the prospective, population-based Chingford 1000 Women study. This cohort of women, aged 45–64 years at inception, was established in 1989 from a single general practice in Chingford, UK. Data has subsequently been collected repeatedly. Data from baseline, year six and year ten was used for the purposes of this cross-sectional study. The primary outcome was the presence of dorsal view ROA of the first MTPJ. The main exposure was lifetime occupation, categorised according to levels of occupation previously defined via international consensus: 1. Sedentary, 2. Light, 3. Light manual, 4. Heavy manual. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to quantify the relationship between lifetime occupation type and the presence of ROA of the first MTPJ, adjusting for age, body mass index and lifetime high-heeled footwear use as potential interactive variables for each decade. Results Data for 209 women were included within this study. The mean (SD) age was 57 (±5.2) years. Predominant lifetime occupation was reported as sedentary by 51.7%, as light by 0%, as light manual by 33.5% and as heavy manual by 14.8% of participants. There were no statistical associations between lifetime occupation type and the presence of ROA of the first MTPJ in either the unadjusted (OR = 0.99, CI = 0.78–1.26,P = 0.96) partially adjusted (for age and BMI; OR = 1.00, CI = 0.78–1.29, P = 0.99) or fully adjusted models (for age, BMI and lifetime high heel footwear use for each decade of working life (OR = 1.02, CI = 0.79–1.31, P = 0.91); high-heel footwear use up to 20s (OR = 0.83, CI = 0.71–1.31, P = 0.83); high-heel footwear use in 20–30s (OR = 1.00, CI = 0.75–1.3, P = 0.98); high-heel footwear use in 30–40s (OR = 1.00, CI = 0.70–1.42, P = 0.99); high-heel footwear use in 40–50s (OR = 0.90, CI = 0.58–1.40, P = 0.65); high-heel footwear use in 50s (OR = 0.63,CI = 0.36–1.09, P = 0.10). Conclusions The findings suggest that lifetime occupation is not associated with the presence of ROA of the fist metatarsophalangeal joint. There does not appear to be any interactive effect between lifetime occupation, lifetime high-heel footwear use, age or BMI and ROA of the first MTPJ. In later life a positive trend towards increased ROA in those who reported lifetime high-heel footwear use was noted and this may be worthy of further research.

scholarly journals Does Function Determine the Structure? Changes in Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle and the Associated Performance Related to Dance Modality: A Cross-Sectional Study

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Blanca De-la-Cruz-Torres ◽  
Irene Barrera-García-Martín ◽  
Mónica De la Cueva-Reguera ◽  
María Bravo-Aguilar ◽  
María Blanco-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Longus Muscle

Background and Objectives: Flexor hallucis longus pathology is one of the most common conditions of the ankle and foot in dancers, due to the high demand of dance movements performed in an extreme plantar flexion and dorsiflexion range of motion. The objectives of this study were to determine the bilateral differences between the thickness and cross-sectional area of the flexor hallucis longus muscle in dancers, to establish possible differences between dance modalities, and to analyze whether there is a correlation between ultrasonographic parameters or performance variables and the dance modality. Material and Methods: A sample of 50 (29 classical and 21 contemporary) full-time pre-professional female dancers were included in the study. The thickness and cross-sectional area of the flexor hallucis longus muscle were evaluated for both limbs using ultrasound imaging. The range of movement of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was measured using functional extension with maximal ankle plantarflexion, balance was measured in a unilateral stance with the heel raised, endurance was evaluated through a modified heel rise fatigue test, and a counter movement jump to assess the vertical jump performance was measured bilaterally. Results: There were no significant differences recorded between the dominant and non-dominant limbs for each variable, within both groups. Contemporary dancers showed a greater thickness and cross-sectional area of the flexor hallucis longus muscle than classical dancers. However, classical dancers showed an increase of balance, endurance, range of movement of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, and counter movement jump with respect to contemporary dancers. Conclusion: Bilateral symmetry was identified in all variables for both groups. The size and performance of the flexor hallucis longus muscle may be influenced by the specific nature of dance modality.

Comparison of Electromyographic Activity During Hip Extension Exercises Under Gravitational or Inertial Loading Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110114
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Martín-San Agustín ◽  
Lorenzo Castillo-Ballesta ◽  
Javier Llobat Sancho ◽  
Rubén Esbri-Navarro ◽  
Mariana Sánchez-Barbadora
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hamstring Muscles ◽  
Inertial Loading ◽  
Hip Extension

Background: Hamstring injury prevention programs include strengthening, especially eccentric exercises using both gravitational and inertial loading. Inertial exercises are characterized by eccentric contractions of high intensity and velocity. This study aimed to analyze the muscular activation of the biceps femoris (BF), semitendinosus (ST), gluteus maximus (GM), and gracilis (GC) muscles during hip extension (HE) exercises performed under both gravitational and inertial loading conditions. Hypothesis: Inertial training would generate a greater activation of HE muscles than gravitational training. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Fifteen resistance-trained men performed the unilateral straight knee bridge (SKB), 45° of HE, and stiff-leg deadlift (SDL) exercises under gravitational and inertial loading conditions. Concentric and eccentric phases were identified with a linear encoder. Differences between load types, exercises, and their interaction were examined to establish the electromyographic (EMG) activity of each muscle and BF/ST ratio. Results: In the concentric phase, inertial loading showed a higher normalized EMG than gravitational loading for BF, ST, and GM. SKB and HE activated BF and ST between 9.6% and 24.3% more than SDL. In the eccentric phase, the inertial modality achieved greater GM activation than the gravitational form (18.1%). BF activation was increased with HE and SKB as compared with SDL (24.4% and 16.4%, respectively), while ST activation was likewise enhanced with HE as compared with SDL (15.1%). Conclusion: Inertial training is more effective than gravitational training for the concentric activation of the hamstring muscles while SDL showed lower hamstring activation than HE and SKB. Therefore, HE and SKB with inertial loading should be taken into account in hamstring training programs. Clinical Relevance: Inertial training is more effective than gravitational training for the concentric activation of the hamstring muscles. HE and SKB with inertial loading should be taken into account in hamstring training programs.

scholarly journals The correlation between body mass index and the type of foot arches with the risk of hallux valgus in children aged 13–14 years old

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 680
Author(s):  
Govinda Vittala ◽  
Luh Putu Ratna Sundari ◽  
I Putu Radhe Bhakti Krisnanda ◽  
Ni Komang Dewi Semariasih
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Hallux valgus is a deformity characterized by a change in the shape of the thumb with symptoms of swelling, redness and pain. Hallux valgus is progressive where there is a lump at the base of the thumb which can occur due to the weakness of the muscles and ligaments around the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index and the type of foot arches on the risk of hallux valgus in children aged 13–14 years.  Methods: This research is a cross sectional analytic study with simple random sampling technique. The number of samples are 99 children (39 males, 60 females) aged 13–14 years. The variables measured were body mass index using body weight scales and a stature meter, the type of foot arches using a wet footprint test, and hallux valgus with a goniometer.Results: Our study shows that there is no significant correlation between body mass index and hallux valgus at the level of 0.157. However, there is a significant correlation between the type of foot arches and hallux valgus at the 0.003 level. In addition, there is a significant correlation between body mass index and foot arches.  Conclusions: There was a significant relationship between body mass index and foot arches and foot arches with the risk of hallux valgus. However, body mass index is not directly related to hallux valgus condition.   

scholarly journals Assessment of a New Lateral Cushioned Casting Orthosis: Effects on Peroneus Longus Muscle Electromyographic Activity During Running

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 232596712110591
Author(s):  
Rubén Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
Carlos Romero-Morales ◽  
Álvaro Gómez-Carrión ◽  
Ignacio Zaragoza-García ◽  
Carlos Martínez-Sebastián ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Rear Side ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Peroneus Longus ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
Signal Activity ◽  
Foot Posture

Background: Classical medial wedge (CMW) orthoses have been prescribed to treat overpronation foot pathologies in runners. The effects of a novel supination orthosis (NSO) on the surface electromyography (EMG) activity of the peroneus longus (PL) muscle during a complete cycle of running have yet to be tested. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the EMG activity of the PL in participants wearing CMW orthoses and NSOs versus neutral running shoes (NRS) during a full cycle of running gait. It was hypothesized that the PL muscle activity would be lower for the NSO compared with CMW or NRS. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Included were 31 healthy recreational runners of both sexes (14 male and 17 female; mean age, 38.58 ± 4.02 years) with a neutral Foot Posture Index and standard rearfoot-strike pattern. Participants ran on a treadmill at 9 km/h while wearing NSO (3-, 6-, and 9-mm thicknesses), CMW (3-, 6-, and 9-mm thicknesses), and NRS, for a total of 7 different conditions randomly selected, while the EMG signal activity of the PL was recorded for 30 seconds. Each trial was recorded 3 times, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to test reliability of the measurements was calculated. The Wilcoxon pair to pair nonparametric test with Bonferroni correction was performed to analyze differences among the conditions. Results: The reliability of all assessments was almost perfect (ICC, >0.81). For both the CMW and NSO, regardless of thickness, the PL activity was statistically significantly lower compared with the NRS ( P < .05 for all). For all CMW thicknesses, the PL activity was lower compared with the respective NSO thicknesses, with the 3-mm thickness having the largest difference (CMW3mm, 18.63 ± 4.64 vs NSO3mm, 20.78 ± 4.99 mV; P < .001). Conclusion: Both CMW and NSO produced reduced EMG activity of the PL muscle; therefore, they can be prescribed to treat overpronation pathologies without associated PL strain concerns. In addition, the NSO saved the enhancement material placed on the medial-rear side of CMW, making it easier to wear sports shoes. Clinical Relevance: Knowing the safety of CMW and NSO will aid in understanding treatments for overpronation pathologies.

scholarly journals EMG Analysis of Dominant and Non-Dominant Arm of Latissimus Dorsi Muscles in Bowlers of Karad, Maharashtra, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 3088-3093
Author(s):  
Pradip Raghunath Lad ◽  
Dhairysheel Sanjay Patil ◽  
Smita Chandrakant Patil ◽  
Khushboo Trishant Chotai
Keyword(s):  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Peak Amplitude ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Muscular Structure ◽  
Emg Electrodes

BACKGROUND Latissimus dorsi plays an important role in bowlers. Different bowling techniques recruit latissimus dorsi at different phases of bowling. This causes the muscle to undergo excessive contraction than its limit. Despite widespread knowledge about the recruitment of latissimus dorsi in bowling, there is limited electromyographic (EMG) studies about latissimus dorsi. It is necessary to evaluate and document the recruitment of latissimus dorsi in dominant and non-dominant arm in bowlers, which is focused in this study. This study was done to analyse the surface EMG activity of latissimus dorsi muscle in dominant and non-dominant arm during bowling. METHODS A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out among 96 professional cricket bowlers from deluxe cricket club and Yashwanthrao Chavan’s cricket club in Karad. EMG electrodes were applied over the latissimus dorsi muscle and the bowlers were asked to perform the action of bowling. The root mean square (RMS) and mean peak amplitude of the dominant and non-dominant arm were recorded. RESULTS The RMS (12.45 ± 2.84) values and mean peak amplitude (131.77 ± 44.11) of the dominant latissimus dorsi varied significantly from non-dominant muscle (P = 0.0015). Wilcoxon test was utilized for analysis of within group parameters. CONCLUSIONS The result of the present study showed strong evidence to support high recruitment of dominant latissimus dorsi in professional bowlers suggests the changes occurred in the physiological as well as biomechanical muscular structure. KEY WORDS EMG, Dominant, Non-Dominant, Latissimus Dorsi, Fast Bowlers

scholarly journals Heel Height as an Etiology of Hallux Abductus Valgus Development: An electromagnetic Static and Dynamic First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Study

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Rubén Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
Ricardo Becerro de Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias ◽  
César Calvo-Lobo ◽  
Carlos Romero-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Heel Height ◽  
Static Conditions

Background: Hallux abductus valgus (HAV) is a forefoot condition produced by extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Shoes with a high heel height and a typical narrow tip toe box can induce deviations in both the proximal phalanx of the hallux (PPH) and the first metatarsal (IMTT) bones. Nevertheless, the isolated role of heel height remains unclear in the development of HAV pathology. Objectives: The goal was to determine if the heel height increase of shoes without a narrow box toe could augment the PPH and IMTT deviation in frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes toward the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) and the first metatarsocuneiform joint (MCJ), respectively, during static and dynamic conditions in relation to precursor movements of HAV. Methods: Women with an average age of 25.10 ± 4.67 years were recruited in this cross-sectional study to assess the three planes of motion of PPH and IMTT while wearing high heels with heights at 3, 6, 9 cm and unshod conditions via sandals. The measurements used an electromagnetic goniometer device with sensors placed on medial aspects of the PPH and IMTT bones under static and dynamic conditions. Results: Wearing shoes with a 6 cm heel in dynamic condition may increase the PPH valgus and abduction deviation from 3.15 ± 0.10° to 3.46 ± 0.05° (p < 0.05) and from 1.35 ± 0.28° to 1.69 ± 0.30° (p < 0.001), respectively. In addition, a PPH abduction increase from 1.01 ± 0.36° to 1.31 ± 0.46° (p < 0.05) after wearing shoes with a 6 cm heel height was observed under static conditions. Conclusions: Wearing shoes with a heel height of 6 cm without a narrow box toe interference may produce PPH abduction and valgus deviations related to HAV formation.

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