scholarly journals Ionospheric Narrowband and Wideband HF Soundings for Communications Purposes: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Hervás ◽  
Pau Bergadà ◽  
Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Services ◽  
Frequency Dispersion ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Equatorial Latitude ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Backup System ◽  
Earth Magnetic Field ◽  
Polar Aurora ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Hf Communications

High Frequency (HF) communications through ionospheric reflection is a widely used technique specifically for maritime, aeronautical, and emergency services communication with remote areas due to economic and management reasons, and also as backup system. Although long distance radio links can be established beyond line-of-sight, the availability, the usable frequencies and the capacity of the channel depends on the state of the ionosphere. The main factors that affect the ionosphere are day-night, season, sunspot number, polar aurora and earth magnetic field. These effects impair the transmitted wave, which suffers attenuation, time and frequency dispersion. In order to increase the knowledge of this channel, the ionosphere has been sounded by means of narrowband and wideband waveforms by the research community all over the world in several research initiatives. This work intends to be a review of remarkable projects for vertical sounding with a world wide network and for oblique sounding for high latitude, mid latitude, and trans-equatorial latitude.

scholarly journals Sustaining ocular emergency and trauma services in corona crisis during the era of pan lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1425
Author(s):  
Suhani Sharma ◽  
Anju Kochar ◽  
Rashmi Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Services ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of covid pandemic and pan lockdown on the ocular trauma and emergency department has proved the importance of ocular trauma services deliverance on national vision statics. The un-availability of ophthalmic services in remote areas and limited resources have large impact on prognostic outcomes of ocular emergencies. The presentation of ocular emergency cases and their demographic pattern is important in planning and programming of national strategy to cope up with and sustain the ocular emergency services during such pandemics.Methods: Retrospective cohort study at tertiary care center.Results: The incidence of ocular trauma was increased in male pediatric age group with most common mode of injury was wooden objects. The prognosis of visual outcome was ill- affected due to late presentation and un-availability of ocular emergency services in remote areas.Conclusions: The strategy of “Reassess-Reinforce-Resume” was proved successful in sustaining the emerging trend of ocular trauma during COVID pan- lockdown.

scholarly journals A Case of an Advanced Chain of Survival in Penetrating Cardiac Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Mads Jønsson Andersen ◽  
Frank V. De Paoli ◽  
Rikke Mærkedahl ◽  
Søren Vad Jepsen ◽  
Karoline Skov Dalgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Tension Pneumothorax ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Spontaneous Respiration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cardiac Trauma ◽  
Continuous Drainage ◽  
Penetrating Cardiac Injury

The survival rate of penetrating cardiac trauma is dismal, with only a few patients reaching the hospital with any signs of life. Short transport time and close proximity to the trauma center are positive factors for survival. We report the successful case of a 21-year-old male with penetrating cardiac injury and tension-pneumothorax with long distance to a trauma facility. The patient was stabbed twice in the anterior left side of the thorax. The emergency services found the patient with suspicion of left tension-pneumothorax. Urgent left mini-thoracotomy was established resulting in spontaneous respiration and clinical improvement. Due to rapid clinical deterioration and clinical suspicion of pericardial tamponade, patient was transported to the local regional hospital only minutes away. Echocardiography confirmed tamponade, and urgent ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis was performed. During the transport blood was intermittently drained from the pericardial sack until arrival at the trauma center where a penetrating injury to the left ventricle was repaired during urgent cardiac surgery. The patient was discharged 8 days after the incident. Conclusion. Well organized emergency medical transport systems increase the chance of survival in penetrating cardiac injuries. Urgent pericardiocentesis with continuous drainage can help stabilize a patient until arrival at trauma facility.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI CHATBOT UNTUK MENDUKUNG SISTEM INFORMASI PADA RUMAH SAKIT MUHAMADIYAH PALEMBANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Eldi Eldi ◽  
Hadi Syaputra
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Entertainment Education ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Service Information ◽  
Unified Process ◽  
Individual Health Services ◽  
Almost All

Communication technology has now experienced very rapid development and is increasingly sophisticated. With the existence of a web-based information system, now it can not only be used as a medium for long distance conversations and sending short messages. With this web information system, it can be used to access the internet faster and can also be used as a medium of information that is always updated. The rapid development of information technology lately has entered almost all areas of life, this is indicated by the large number of computer users, both for corporate or business interests, to matters of entertainment, education and health. Muhammadiyah Rs Palembang is one of the health service institutions that organizes complete individual health services that provide inpatient, outpatient and emergency services. The development of a chatbot information system at Rs Muhammadiyah Palembang was carried out to make it easier for patients to find out about Rs. Service information such as the number of available patient rooms. The process of developing the chatbot information system uses the Unified Process (UP) method. With the availability of faster information, it is hoped that it will make it easier for patients to find out about services at Muahmmadiyah Hospital Palembang. Teknologi komunikasi kini telah mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat dan semakin canggih. Dengan adanya sistem informasi berbasis web , sekarang tidak hanya dapat digunakan sebagai media untuk berbicara jarak jauh dan mengirim pesan singkat. Dengan adanya sistem informasi web ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengakses internet lebih cepat dan juga dapat digunakan sebagai media informasi yang selalu update. Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang pesat belakangan ini telah memasuki hampir semua bidang kehidupan, hal ini ditandai dengan banyaknya pengguna komputer, baik untuk kepentingan perusahaan atau bisnis sampai kepada hal-hal yang bersifat hiburan, pendidikan dan kesehata. Rs Muhammadiyah palembang adalah salah satu institusi pelayanan kesehatan yang menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan perorangan secara paripurna yang menyediakan pelayanan rawat inap, rawat jalan dan gawat darurat. Pembuatan Sistem informasi chatbot di Rs Muhammadiyah Palembang dilakukan untuk mempermudah pasien mengetahui tentang informasi pelyanan Rs.Seperti Jumlah kamar Pasien yang tersedia. Proses pembangunan system informasi chatbot ini menggunakan metode Unified Process (UP).  Dengan adanya informasi yang lebih cepat nantinya di harap kan dapat mempermudah pasien dalam mengetahui layanan pada Rs Muahmmadiyah Palembang.

A variational approach to Boussinesq modelling of fully nonlinear water waves

2010 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 36-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERT KLOPMAN ◽  
BRENNY VAN GROESEN ◽  
MAARTEN W. DINGEMANS
Keyword(s):  
Water Waves ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Shape Function ◽  
Frequency Dispersion ◽  
Nonlinear Water Waves ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Linear Dispersion ◽  
Flow Equations ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Hyperbolic Cosine

In this paper we present a new method to derive Boussinesq-type equations from a variational principle. These equations are valid for nonlinear surface-water waves propagating over bathymetry. The vertical structure of the flow, required in the Hamiltonian, is approximated by a (series of) vertical shape functions associated with unknown parameter(s). It is not necessary to make approximations with respect to the nonlinearity of the waves. The resulting approximate Hamiltonian is positive definite, contributing to the good dynamical behaviour of the resulting equations. The resulting flow equations consist of temporal equations for the surface elevation and potential, as well as a (set of) elliptic equations for some auxiliary parameter(s). All equations only contain low-order spatial derivatives and no mixed time–space derivatives. Since one of the parameters, the surface potential, can be associated with a uniform shape function, the resulting equations are very well suited for wave–current interacting flows.The variational method is applied to two simple models, one with a parabolic vertical shape function and the other with a hyperbolic-cosine vertical structure. For both, as well as the general series model, the flow equations are derived. Linear dispersion and shoaling are studied using the average Lagrangian. The model with a parabolic vertical shape function has improved frequency dispersion, as compared to classical Boussinesq models. The model with a hyperbolic-cosine vertical structure can be made to have exact phase and group velocity, as well as shoaling, for a certain frequency.For the model with a parabolic vertical structure, numerical computations are done with a one-dimensional pseudo-spectral code. These show the nonlinear capabilities for periodic waves over a horizontal bed and an underwater bar. Further some long-distance computations for soliton wave groups over bathymetry are presented.

Exploring the Possibility of Using TV White Spaces in Africa

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-71
Author(s):  
Benny Nyambo ◽  
Benard Mapako ◽  
Michael Munyaradzi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The Other ◽  
Band Spectrum ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Mobile Data ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Tv White Spaces ◽  
White Spaces ◽  
The People

The people living in remote parts of the underdeveloped world usually do not have access to affordable internet, either because it is too expensive to lay fibre to these areas or mobile data is just too expensive to use every day. There has always been a need to find a way to bring fast, cheap, and reliable internet access to these people. This is where the TV white spaces (TVWS) or unused TV band spectrum comes in. TVWS refers to the gaps found between TV channels. It can be used to provide cheaper and reliable broadband to remote areas. Wi-Fi typically covers short distances and has trouble passing through obstacles. TVWS, on the other hand, can travel long distances and can penetrate obstacles. This makes TVWS suitable for long distance internet provision in remote areas. This chapter explores the possibilities and advantages of delivering broadband to remote areas of underdeveloped nations using TVWS with the intention of poverty reduction. The concept of TV channels digitalization also frees the whole analogue TV spectrum and allows it to be used in TVWS technology.

scholarly journals Implementation of Online Learning Using Online Media, During the Covid 19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1802-1808
Author(s):  
Nanda Saputra ◽  
Nurul Hikmah ◽  
Via Yustitia ◽  
Miswar Saputra ◽  
Abdul Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Independent Learning ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Interactive Analysis

Due to outbreak of the Covid 19, the implementation of education and learning has extremely changed. Face to face meetings as a conventional learning is no longer conducted, in contrast, online learning is more often employed. Thus, a solution to this problem is required to respond to this problem. Online learning is an alternative that can overcome this problem. The purpose of this research is to get a reflection of the implementation of online education by using online media to reduce the outbreak of Covid-19 in universities. The research subjects were PGMI students who were interviewed through Zoom Cloud Meeting to collect the data. The data analysis employed was an interactive analysis method Miles & Huberman. The results of the research showed that: (1) the students had already had the basic facilities needed to explore online education; (2) the online education was flexibly being implemented, encouraging learning independently, motivating to learn more actively; and (3) long distance education urges the students to get used to social distancing attitude and minimizes crowds to reduce the outbreak of Covid-19 in institutions tertiary. The lack of supervision of students, lack of internet signals in remote areas, and high quota payments were challenges in online education. The increasing of independent learning, attention, motivation, and the courage to express ideas and problems was another advantage of online education.

scholarly journals Gourds afloat: a dated phylogeny reveals an Asian origin of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae) and numerous oversea dispersal events

2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (1658) ◽  
pp. 843-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanno Schaefer ◽  
Christoph Heibl ◽  
Susanne S Renner
Keyword(s):  
South American ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dated Phylogeny ◽  
Herbarium Collections ◽  
Plant Phylogenetics ◽  
Dispersal Events

Knowing the geographical origin of economically important plants is important for genetic improvement and conservation, but has been slowed by uneven geographical sampling where relatives occur in remote areas of difficult access. Less biased species sampling can be achieved when herbarium collections are included as DNA sources. Here, we address the history of Cucurbitaceae, one of the most economically important families of plants, using a multigene phylogeny for 114 of the 115 genera and 25 per cent of the 960 species. Worldwide sampling was achieved by using specimens from 30 herbaria. Results reveal an Asian origin of Cucurbitaceae in the Late Cretaceous, followed by the repeated spread of lineages into the African, American and Australian continents via transoceanic long-distance dispersal (LDD). North American cucurbits stem from at least seven range expansions of Central and South American lineages; Madagascar was colonized 13 times, always from Africa; Australia was reached 12 times, apparently always from Southeast Asia. Overall, Cucurbitaceae underwent at least 43 successful LDD events over the past 60 Myr, which would translate into an average of seven LDDs every 10 Myr. These and similar findings from other angiosperms stress the need for an increased tapping of museum collections to achieve extensive geographical sampling in plant phylogenetics.

The "Efficiency Electric Power Grid Circles" an Ideal Micro-Urban Development Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Stefan Tkac ◽  
Zuzana Vranayova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
Development Approach

Population is concentrated in the major cities which are facing the energy deficiency issues. The unregulated development of micro-urban areas is underestimated in both cases (Slovak Republic and Taiwan R.O.C.) so are the energy issues bound with them. Centralized energy sources require long distance wires to support remote areas.

Research on Wells Monitoring Background Management Software Based on Labview

2013 ◽  
Vol 760-762 ◽  
pp. 836-840
Author(s):  
Ting Xu ◽  
Wen Bing Lu ◽  
Miao Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Management Software ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Blind Area ◽  
Power Frequency ◽  
Collection And Management ◽  
Transmission Information

Well monitoring system based on power line transmission information has low cost, can realize to span transformers through the area of long distance, as well as in remote areas does not exist blind area, the paper designs a kind of wells monitoring background management software based on the Labview. Due to the characteristics of well monitoring and power frequency communication technology, the labview reaches not only the data management, but also realizes to collect data for simulation and analysis of the channel. Wells monitoring background software based on labview not only realize data collection and management, but also realize the system equipment monitoring and debugging.

scholarly journals Implementation of DTMF and RFID in Robotic Telesurgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 11365-11367
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
The World ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Surgical System

Telesurgery is gaining importance day by day. This helps for enabling long distance surgery which helps to serve the patients in the remote areas. The telerobotic surgical system enables long distance telesurgery, covering the distance between patients and surgeons in remote regions of the world. This prototype have a helper robot which does all the commands instructed by the doctor. This technology is widely used in battlefields, disaster areas and remote areas. The helper robot does the necessary actions by listening to the commands of the doctor. It is used eminently in the situation where doctors cannot reach the accident spot. These robots increases the distance between the doctors and the patients by enabling control through remote ways. Hence lives of the humans can be saved in a effective manner with the help of a robot performing the functions. To attain this system the components used are 8051 microcontroller, LCD, RFID tag and reader, Zigbee, DTMF decoder , PIC and PLACE robot. All the components are interfaced with the microcontroller. Controlling the robot is done by making a call to the particular mobile number. The mobile will be under auto answer mode. After attending the call press the corresponding key to control the robot. In addition with this we use RFID tag and reader for equipments handling. Each equipment have one tag .If any tag is read by the reader corresponding tag number will be sent to the particular monitoring node with help of Zigbee. We have to maintain a database (tag one for knife, tag two for scissor etc) based on the information received by the robot and the control will be done by the doctor.

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