scholarly journals A Simple, Reliable, and Inexpensive Solution for Contact Color Measurement in Small Plant Samples

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2348
Author(s):  
Patricia Sanmartín ◽  
Michela Gambino ◽  
Elsa Fuentes ◽  
Miguel Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Sample Surface ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Small Plant ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Correct Color ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sound Measurement

Correct color measurement by contact-type color measuring devices requires that the sample surface fully covers the head of the device, so their use on small samples remains a challenge. Here, we propose to use cardboard adaptors on the two aperture masks (3 and 8 mm diameter measuring area) of a broadly used portable spectrophotometer. Adaptors in black and white to reduce the measuring area by 50% and 70% were applied in this study. Representatives of the family Campanulaceae have been used to test the methodology, given the occurrence of small leaves. Our results show that, following colorimetric criteria, the only setting providing indistinguishable colors according to the perception of the human eye is the use of a 50%-reducing adaptor on the 3-mm aperture. In addition, statistical analysis suggests the use of the white adaptor. Our contribution offers a sound measurement technique to gather ecological information from the color of leaves, petals, and other small samples.

A Test: Hume's Missing Shade of Blue

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Finch
Keyword(s):  
Black And White ◽  
Correct Color ◽  
Empirical Progress

This paper discusses a possible test of Hume's ‘missing shade of blue’ and whether it might be possible to make some empirical progress on the question. Towards this end seventy-two students were tested to see if they could determine the correct color ratios of missing black and white shades ranging from a consecutive gap of two out of 236 possible combinations, to a consecutive gap of ten of out of 236 possible combinations. On the most difficult test, four of the seventy-two students correctly determined a missing shade, though these same four all claimed to have above-average experience with art.

scholarly journals The Colour of Social Realism

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Street
Keyword(s):  
Social Realism ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Social Commentary ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Family ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
Wave Cycle ◽  
The 1960S

During the 1960s Eastmancolor, a relatively cheap, widely available film stock, revolutionised the British film industry's approach to colour. This article discusses the consequences of this major representational and aesthetic shift on social realism, a sub-genre of British cinema primarily associated with black and white cinematography. While colour provided an opportunity for greater realism, critics argued that it distracted audiences with hues considered inappropriate for social commentary. The article examines how a number of notable 1950s and 1960s British colour films navigated entrenched critical positions while deploying colour in distinctive, often innovative ways to reflect their social realist environments and themes. Films examined include A Kid for Two Farthings (1955), Miracle in Soho (1957), Sapphire (1959), Flame in the Streets (1961), Some People (1962), The Family Way (1966) and Poor Cow (1967). It is argued that critics' preoccupation with the New Wave cycle of films, 1959–63, has been at the expense of colour films that extended the range of representation, both aesthetically and thematically. Bringing colour more centrally into scholarship about British cinema contributes to revisionist research on social realism that privileges the foregrounding of style and textual aesthetics. In addition, the article shows how analysing films from the perspective of colour encourages relating them to broader chromatic tastes and trends. By the mid-1960s, as culture was generally becoming more chromatically vibrant, film-makers were able to take greater advantage of the colour stocks that enabled them to experiment with realist conventions.

scholarly journals Ozonized water used as complementary therapy for stomatitis in Salvator merianae – case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e280101119550
Author(s):  
Lucas Micael Freire Pereira ◽  
Fabiano Rocha Prazeres Júnior ◽  
João Vitor de Oliveira Gurgel ◽  
Vanessa Silva Santana ◽  
Leonardo Lomba Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Ozone Therapy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Family ◽  
Stimulation Of

The Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae) is a reptile belonging to the family Teiidae. Compared with other families, teiids are morphologically similar. However, their sizes vary considerably, with S. merianae being the largest endemic lizard in South America. The characteristics, habitat, and habits of S. merianae need to be investigated, to provide adequate ex situ adaptation opportunities and avoid accidents in the pet industry. One advancing complementary therapy is the use of ozone, which has potent antimicrobial action when applied topically, due to the oxidizing and healing effects resulting from the stimulation of tissue cell proliferation and remodeling. To generate information concerning ozone therapy, the treatment of stomatitis caused by Portland cement in an Argentine black and white tegu using ozonized water as a complementary therapy is reported. Fluid and antibiotic therapies (enrofloxacin, butorphanol, meloxicam, and sucralfate) were introduced, along with the daily rinsing of the oral cavity with freshly prepared ozonized water. No toxic effects relating to ozone use were observed, and its topical use as a complementary therapy proved to be low cost and highly efficient. These findings demonstrate the need to obtain knowledge concerning this therapy and promote its use in wild animals.      

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