scholarly journals End-to-End QoS “Smart Queue” Management Algorithms and Traffic Prioritization Mechanisms for Narrow-Band Internet of Things Services in 4G/5G Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Beshley ◽  
Natalia Kryvinska ◽  
Marian Seliuchenko ◽  
Halyna Beshley ◽  
Elhadi M. Shakshuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Queue Management ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
Narrow Bandwidth ◽  
End To End ◽  
Management Algorithms ◽  
Traffic Prioritization

This paper proposes a modified architecture of the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) mobile network to provide services for the Internet of Things (IoT). This is achieved by allocating a narrow bandwidth and transferring the scheduling functions from the eNodeB base station to an NB-IoT controller. A method for allocating uplink and downlink resources of the LTE/NB-IoT hybrid technology is applied to ensure the Quality of Service (QoS) from end-to-end. This method considers scheduling traffic/resources on the NB-IoT controller, which allows eNodeB planning to remain unchanged. This paper also proposes a prioritization approach within the IoT traffic to provide End-to-End (E2E) QoS in the integrated LTE/NB-IoT network. Further, we develop “smart queue” management algorithms for the IoT traffic prioritization. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we performed a number of experiments using simulations. We concluded that our proposed approach ensures high end-to-end QoS of the real-time traffic by reducing the average end-to-end transmission delay.

Surgical management of extracranial carotid artery aneurysms

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Paweł Skóra ◽  
Jacek Kurcz ◽  
Krzysztof Korta ◽  
Przemysław Szyber ◽  
Tadeusz Andrzej Dorobisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Minor Stroke ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Extracranial Carotid Artery ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
End To End ◽  
Dacron Patch ◽  
Major Stroke

Abstract. Background: We present the methods and results of the surgical management of extracranial carotid artery aneurysms (ECCA). Postoperative complications including early and late neurological events were analysed. Correlation between reconstruction techniques and morphology of ECCA was assessed in this retrospective study. Patients and methods: In total, 32 reconstructions of ECCA were performed in 31 symptomatic patients with a mean age of 59.2 (range 33 - 84) years. The causes of ECCA were divided among atherosclerosis (n = 25; 78.1 %), previous carotid endarterectomy with Dacron patch (n = 4; 12.5 %), iatrogenic injury (n = 2; 6.3 %) and infection (n = 1; 3.1 %). In 23 cases, intervention consisted of carotid bypass. Aneurysmectomy with end-to-end suture was performed in 4 cases. Aneurysmal resection with patching was done in 2 cases and aneurysmorrhaphy without patching in another 2 cases. In 1 case, ligature of the internal carotid artery (ICA) was required. Results: Technical success defined as the preservation of ICA patency was achieved in 31 cases (96.9 %). There was one perioperative death due to major stroke (3.1 %). Two cases of minor stroke occurred in the 30-day observation period (6.3 %). Three patients had a transient hypoglossal nerve palsy that subsided spontaneously (9.4 %). At a mean long-term follow-up of 68 months, there were no major or minor ipsilateral strokes or surgery-related deaths reported. In all 30 surviving patients (96.9 %), long-term clinical outcomes were free from ipsilateral neurological symptoms. Conclusions: Open surgery is a relatively safe method in the therapy of ECCA. Surgical repair of ECCAs can be associated with an acceptable major stroke rate and moderate minor stroke rate. Complication-free long-term outcomes can be achieved in as many as 96.9 % of patients. Aneurysmectomy with end-to-end anastomosis or bypass surgery can be implemented during open repair of ECCA.

Mobile network synthesis strategy

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
V. Lyandres
Keyword(s):  
Average Distance ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Frequency Assignment ◽  
Network Synthesis ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Synthesis Strategy ◽  
Adaptive Vector Quantization

Introduction:Effective synthesis of а mobile communication network includes joint optimisation of two processes: placement of base stations and frequency assignment. In real environments, the well-known cellular concept fails due to some reasons, such as not homogeneous traffic and non-isotropic wave propagation in the service area.Purpose:Looking for the universal method of finding a network structure close to the optimal.Results:The proposed approach is based on the idea of adaptive vector quantization of the network service area. As a result, it is reduced to a 2D discrete map split into zones with approximately equal number of service requests. In each zone, the algorithm finds such coordinates of its base station that provide the shortest average distance to all subscribers. This method takes into account the shortage of the a priory information about the current traffic, ensures maximum coverage of the service area, and what is not less important, significantly simplifies the process of frequency assignment.

QoS Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Routing Approach in Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Omkar Singh ◽  
Vinay Rishiwal
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
End To End

Background & Objective: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consist of huge number of tiny senor nodes. WSN collects environmental data and sends to the base station through multi-hop wireless communication. QoS is the salient aspect in wireless sensor networks that satisfies end-to-end QoS requirement on different parameters such as energy, network lifetime, packets delivery ratio and delay. Among them Energy consumption is the most important and challenging factor in WSN, since the senor nodes are made by battery reserved that tends towards life time of sensor networks. Methods: In this work an Improve-Energy Aware Multi-hop Multi-path Hierarchy (I-EAMMH) QoS based routing approach has been proposed and evaluated that reduces energy consumption and delivers data packets within time by selecting optimum cost path among discovered routes which extends network life time. Results and Conclusion: Simulation has been done in MATLAB on varying number of rounds 400- 2000 to checked the performance of proposed approach. I-EAMMH is compared with existing routing protocols namely EAMMH and LEACH and performs better in terms of end-to-end-delay, packet delivery ratio, as well as reduces the energy consumption 13%-19% and prolongs network lifetime 9%- 14%.

scholarly journals A review on Queue Management Algorithms in Large Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 1076 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Mustafa Maad Hamdi ◽  
Hussain Falih Mahdi ◽  
Mohammed Salah Abood ◽  
Ruaa Qahtan Mohammed ◽  
Abdulkareem Dawah Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Queue Management ◽  
Large Networks ◽  
Management Algorithms

End-to-end secure group communication for the Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 102772
Author(s):  
André Lizardo ◽  
Raul Barbosa ◽  
Samuel Neves ◽  
Jaime Correia ◽  
Filipe Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Group Communication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Secure Group Communication ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Internet Of Things
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