scholarly journals Underwater Optical Wireless Communications: Overview

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Schirripa Spagnolo ◽  
Lorenzo Cozzella ◽  
Fabio Leccese
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Optical Wireless Communications ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Absorption Window

Underwater Optical Wireless Communication (UOWC) is not a new idea, but it has recently attracted renewed interest since seawater presents a reduced absorption window for blue-green light. Due to its higher bandwidth, underwater optical wireless communications can support higher data rates at low latency levels compared to acoustic and RF counterparts. The paper is aimed at those who want to undertake studies on UOWC. It offers an overview on the current technologies and those potentially available soon. Particular attention has been given to offering a recent bibliography, especially on the use of single-photon receivers.

Performance Analysis of QAM with MEMS Based SCIR for Indoor Optical Wireless Communication

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 2189-2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Prabakaran ◽  
A. Sivasubramanian ◽  
K. Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Additive White Gaussian Noise ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Optical Wireless Communications ◽  
Modulation Schemes ◽  
Indoor Optical Wireless Communication

This paper presents the systematic evaluation of performance of indoor optical wireless communication using different modulation schemes and micro electro mechanical systems - single channel imaging receiver (MEMS-SCIR). For the future modern world, indoor optical wireless communications (OWC) play a vital role. The main objective is to compare the performance of various modulation schemes in terms of their bit error probability. On -off keying (OOK) and pulse position modulation (PPM) are widely used in optical wireless communication for its simplicity. Here different digital modulation schemes are approached; bit error rate (BER) is calculated over additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGN). M-quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) gives a better BER performance compared to the M- phase shift keying (MPSK). Thus, MQAM based MEMS-SCIR provides better performance in indoor optical wireless communications.

scholarly journals Underwater Optical Wireless Communications with Chromatic Dispersion and Time Jitter

Computation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roumelas ◽  
Nistazakis ◽  
Stassinakis ◽  
Volos ◽  
Tsigopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Chromatic Dispersion ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Optical Wireless Communications ◽  
Time Jitter ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Very High

The obsolete communication systems used in the underwater environment necessitates the development and use of modern telecommunications technologies. One such technology is the optical wireless communications, which can provide very high data rates, almost infinite bandwidth and very high transmission speed for real time fast and secure underwater links. However, the composition and the optical density of seawater hinder the communication between transmitter and receiver, while many significant effects strongly mitigate the underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) systems’ performance. In this work, the influences of chromatic dispersion and time jitter are investigated. Chromatic dispersion causes the temporal broadening or narrowing of the pulse, while time jitter complicates the detection process at the receiver. Thus, the broadening of the optical pulse due to chromatic dispersion is studied and the influence of the initial chirp is examined. Moreover, the effect of the time jitter is also taken into consideration and for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a mathematical expression for the probability of fade is extracted, taking into account the influence of both of the above-mentioned effects for a UOWC system. Finally, the appropriate numerical results are presented.

scholarly journals Photon-Counting Underwater Optical Wireless Communication for Reliable Video Transmission Using Joint Source-Channel Coding Based on Distributed Compressive Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Hong ◽  
Qiurong Yan ◽  
Zihang Li ◽  
Ting Zhan ◽  
Yuhao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Bit Error Rate ◽  
Channel Coding ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Joint Source Channel Coding

To achieve long-distance underwater optical wireless communication, a single photon detector with single photon limit sensitivity is used to detect the optical signal at the receiver. The communication signal is extracted from the discrete single photon pulses output from the detector. Due to fluctuation of photon flux and quantum efficiency of photon detection, long-distance underwater optical wireless communication has the characteristics that the link is easily interrupted, the bit error rate is high, and the burst error is large. To achieve reliable video transmission, a joint source-channel coding scheme based on residual distributed compressive video sensing is proposed for the underwater photon counting communication system. Signal extraction from single photon pulses, data frame and data verification are specifically designed. This scheme greatly reduces the amount of data at the transmitter, transfers the computational complexity to the decoder in receiver, and enhances anti-channel error ability. The experimental results show that, when the baud rate was 100 kbps and the average number of photon pulses per bit was 20, the bit error rate (BER) was 0.0421 and video frame could still be restored clearly.

scholarly journals Bit Error Performance of APD and SPAD Receivers in Optical Wireless Communication

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 2731
Author(s):  
Hiwa Mahmoudi ◽  
Horst Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Error Performance ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Light Incidence Angle

This review concentrates on the state-of-the-art hardware-oriented receiver aspects for optical wireless communication (OWC), and points to the importance of BER performance analysis and modeling in presence of non-perpendicular light incidence. Receivers in OWC networks for 6G applications have to work for strongly different light incidence angles, to allow the formation of connections to locally separated transceivers without the need for rotation units and accurate adjustment. In turn, and in combination with fully integrated optical receivers, reduction of cost and increased comfort can be achieved. Fully integrated [bipolar] complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor ([Bi]CMOS) receivers with on-chip avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are presented and their performance in optical wireless communication is summarized. Impressive data rates up to 2 Gbit/s and free-space transmission distances up to 27 m at bit error ratios (BER) below 10−9 are reached with linear-mode APD receivers. The importance of optical interference in the isolation and passivation stack on top of the integrated photodiodes is illuminated. To be able to predict the dependence of the BER of single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) receivers on the light incidence angle, a model, which includes a model for the photon detection probability and a standing-wave model for the isolation and passivation stack, is extended. The dependence of the BER on the light incidence angle onto the photodiodes is investigated by electromagnetic simulation for optical transmission of the layers on top of the photodiode, device simulation for the avalanche triggering probability and BER modeling with MATLAB. It is found that incidence angles up to 30° have moderate influence on the BER and that the BER degrades significantly for incidence angles larger than 50°.

scholarly journals Experimental Demonstration of High-Sensitivity Underwater Optical Wireless Communication Based on Photocounting Receiver

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Zichen Liu ◽  
Daomin Chen ◽  
Xiong Deng ◽  
Fulong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Receiver Sensitivity ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Type C

In this paper, we propose a high-sensitivity long-reach underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) system with an Mbps-scale data rate. Using a commercial blue light-emitting diode (LED) source, a photon counting receiver, and return-to-zero on–off keying modulation, a receiver sensitivity of −70 dBm at 7% FEC limit is successfully achieved for a 5 Mbps intensity modulation direct detection UOWC system over 10 m underwater channel. For 1 Mbps and 2 Mbps data rates, the receiver sensitivity is enhanced to −76 dBm and −74 dBm, respectively. We further investigate the system performance under different water conditions: first type of seawater (c = 0.056 m−1), second type (c = 0.151 m−1), and third type (c = 0.398 m−1). The maximum distance of the 2 Mbps signal can be extended up to 100 m in the first type of seawater.

Capacity of optical wireless communication channels

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2169) ◽  
pp. 20190184 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chaaban ◽  
S. Hranilovic
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Optical Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Optical Wireless Communications ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Capacity Bounds ◽  
Safety Considerations

Optical wireless communications are realized by modulating the intensity of a light source and detecting intensity fluctuations at the receiver. This mode of operation, known as intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD), is simple to implement in practice. However, computing the channel capacity of the underlying channel is not straightforward because of the amplitude constraints that arise due to IM/DD operation. In particular, the transmit signal must be non-negative, while the peak and average amplitudes are constrained due to practical and safety considerations. Though a closed form for the capacity of IM/DD channels is not known, much work has been done to find capacity bounds and asymptotic capacity expressions. In this paper, a description of the IM/DD channel and its physical constraints is presented, followed by a review of recent progress pertaining to the capacity of IM/DD channels. Additionally, capacity-achieving distributions are discussed along with simple constructions that approach capacity. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Optical wireless communication’.

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