scholarly journals Integrating Radio-Over-Fiber Communication System and BOTDR Sensor System

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Pang Ng ◽  
Nageswara Lalam ◽  
Xuewu Dai ◽  
Qiang Wu ◽  
Yong Qing Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Error Vector Magnitude ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Fiber Link

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate for the first time, the integration of a radio-over-fiber (RoF) communication system and a Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometry (BOTDR) distributed sensor system using a single optical fiber link. In this proof-of-concept integrated system, the communication system is composed of three modulation formats of quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) and 64-QAM, which are modulated onto an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal. Whereas, the BOTDR sensor system is used for strain and/or temperature monitoring over the fiber distance with a spatial resolution of 5 m using a 25 km single-mode silica fiber. The error vector magnitude (EVM) is analyzed in three modulation formats in the presence of various BOTDR input pump powers. Using QPSK modulation, optimized 18 dBm sensing and 10 dBm data power, the measured EVM values with and without bandpass filter are 3.5% and 14.5%, respectively. The proposed system demonstrates a low temperature measurement error (±0.49 °C at the end of 25 km) and acceptable EVM values, which were within the 3GPP requirements. The proposed integrated system can be effectively applied for practical applications, which significantly reduces the fiber infrastructure cost by effective usage of a single optical fiber link.

Performance Analysis of NRZ and RZ Modulation Schemes in Optical Fiber Link Using EDFA

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
. Payal ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Deepak Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Optical Fiber Communication ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Fiber Link

Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) is the current area of interest to exploit the bandwidth offered by optical fiber to enhance the data rate requirements. In the present paper analysis of DWDM system using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is carried out in C-band. The 32-channel Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) system, with a high-performanceflowrate of 10 Gbps, has been evaluated. The performance of Return to Zero (RZ) and Non-Return to Zero (NRZ) modulation formats in an optical communication system are investigated by modeling an optical fiber link using software OPTISYS V14. According to the modulated outputs, a comprehensive comparison in terms of Q factor is developed to establish the advantages and disadvantages of the code formats NRZ and RZ in short and long haul optical fiber communication system. Optimum results of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Q-factor are obtained for 60, 80 and 100km of fiber length. Pumping is discussed at 980nm and 1480nm.

scholarly journals EVM Loss: A Loss Function for Training Neural Networks in Communication Systems

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1094
Author(s):  
Scott Stainton ◽  
Martin Johnston ◽  
Satnam Dlay ◽  
Paul Anthony Haigh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Loss Function ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Frequency Division ◽  
Error Vector Magnitude ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Complex Approach

Neural networks and their application in communication systems are receiving growing attention from both academia and industry. The authors note that there is a disconnect between the typical objective functions of these neural networks with regards to the context in which the neural network will eventually be deployed and evaluated. To this end, a new loss function is proposed and shown to increase the performance of neural networks when implemented in a communication system compared to previous methods. It is further shown that a ‘split complex’ approach used by many implementations can be improved via formalisation of the ‘concatenated complex’ approach described herein. Experimental results using the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and spectrally efficient frequency division multiplexing (SEFDM) modulation formats with varying bandwidth compression factors over a wireless visible light communication (VLC) link validate the efficacy of the proposed method in a real system, achieving the lowest error vector magnitude (EVM), and thus bit error rate (BER), across all experiments, with a 5 dB to 10 dB improvement in the received symbols EVM overall compared to the baseline implementation, with bandwidth compressions down to 40% compared to OFDM, resulting in a spectral efficiency gain of 67%.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Nonlinear Distortions for a 100 Gb/s Radio-Over-Fiber-Based WDM Network

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saifur Rahman ◽  
Farman Ali ◽  
Adrian Smagor ◽  
Fazal Muhammad ◽  
Usman Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Nonlinear Distortions

Next-generation cloud radio access networks (C-RANs) are anticipated to provide multi-Gbps data rate transmission and ultra-high bandwidth capacity, which is one of the key performance indicators for future mobile networks. The integral layout of fiber optics and radio network manages the capabilities of the C-RAN, but needs to be optimized in terms of cost, reliability and further scalibility. For C-RAN architectures, Radio over Fiber (RoF) transport-based fronthaul is a promising candidate but the associated issues of distortions due to nonlinear impairments (NLIs) from power amplifier, linear distortions (LDs) due to modulating lasers and high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals need to be addressed. This work investigates these performance limiting factors and presents a DSP receiver-based solution to mitigate the effects of NLIs, LDs and high PAPR. Simulations are performed by applying a various range of transmission input powers, different quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) formats for the OFDM signal, optimized filtering at the receiver end and varying channel spacing among the optical WDM channels to analyze the performance of the proposed receiver under different conditions. The simulations and theoretical model of the proposed case studies verify that the presented solution for the RoF transport utilize less power, performs better for longer transmission distances, supports higher modulation formats and transports large number of WDM channels in the presence of NLIs and DLs as compared to the conventional RoF approach. With compensation of NLIs and LDs, transmission distance up to 10 km is investigated using 16 WDM channels with aggregate data rate of 100 Gb/s which shows that the proposed receiver can be used for future C-RAN fronthaul networks.

Performance Analysis of Digital Modulation for Coherent Detection of OFDM Scheme on Radio over Fiber System

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauza Khair ◽  
Fakhriy Hario P ◽  
I Wayan Mustika ◽  
Budi Setiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Error Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Digital Modulation ◽  
Modulation Formats

Radio over fiber (RoF) system with the coherent detection offers high linearity for the transparent transport of high-frequency microwave signals, and better receiver sensitivity compared with intensity-modulated direct detection systems. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of digital modulation for coherent detection of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme on RoF system at 10 Gbps up to 100 km fiber length. The results show that coherent detection of OFDM-RoF system with 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) has the value of  bit error rate (BER) and the symbol error rate (SER) is very low and its constellation is better compared with other modulation formats (4-QAM, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8-PSK and 16-PSK), which BER 16-QAM is 0.053 and SER is 15.7%. The results also show that BER value of 4-QAM and QPSK relatively similar to fiber length variations. In general, an increasing value of the BER and SER for each modulation format are almost equal to the fiber length of 60-70 km (Region I and II). However, there is a significant increase in the value of BER in fiber length of 80-100 km (Region III. A and III. B) for the modulation of 4-QAM, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of WDM Optical Fiber Communication System in the presence of PMD

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-103
Author(s):  
Nawroz Hamadamen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
System Design ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Fiber Communication ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Fiber Communication ◽  
Optical Fiber Communication System ◽  
Pmd Emulator

This paper investigates for rising optical fiber transmission strength, increasing bandwidth, and decreasing communication system weakness by using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). WDM gives today's distention speed and communication traffic. Systems using WDM faces nonlinearities, which the most intensive nonlinear attack is, four wave mixing (FWM). FWM creates and increases crosstalk between WDM channels as a result slows down and impairs the performance of the communication system. This investigation uses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for evaluating execution of WDM fiber system by repairing Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD). We took results in the case of trying PMD-Emulator and without trying PMD-Emulator in the system design. We compared the results got in both cases. Furthermore, we compared the performance of the system with the investigations done using different ways, methods, and techniques for compensating PMD and FWM appears in WDM systems. As PMD-Emulator, helps enhancing the system design performance, and OFDM gives the feature of robustness and useful execution to the system. OFDM examined by appointing interfered orthogonal signal sets, for 16 channels; with equally spaced OFDM channels. Oure results showed that the optical fiber communication system using OFDM technique gives perfect removing FWM signal crosstalk, and accurate data transmission, comparing to other techniques used in other researches. We got a decreased FWM power to -77dBm, and the BER of -0.317. Furthermore, the system quality increased with applying PMD-Emulator and OFDM. In addition, using PMD-Emulator in the system design raised the results effectiveness. The program used in the present work is optisystem-15, and the results obtained in this study coincide with the theoretical and actual results obtained by the previous studies.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Digital Modulation for Coherent Detection of OFDM Scheme on Radio over Fiber System

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1086
Author(s):  
Fauza Khair ◽  
Fakhriy Hario P ◽  
I Wayan Mustika ◽  
Budi Setiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Error Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Fiber System ◽  
Digital Modulation ◽  
Modulation Formats

Radio over fiber (RoF) system with the coherent detection offers high linearity for the transparent transport of high-frequency microwave signals, and better receiver sensitivity compared with intensity-modulated direct detection systems. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the performance of digital modulation for coherent detection of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme on RoF system at 10 Gbps up to 100 km fiber length. The results show that coherent detection of OFDM-RoF system with 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) has the value of  bit error rate (BER) and the symbol error rate (SER) is very low and its constellation is better compared with other modulation formats (4-QAM, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8-PSK and 16-PSK), which BER 16-QAM is 0.053 and SER is 15.7%. The results also show that BER value of 4-QAM and QPSK relatively similar to fiber length variations. In general, an increasing value of the BER and SER for each modulation format are almost equal to the fiber length of 60-70 km (Region I and II). However, there is a significant increase in the value of BER in fiber length of 80-100 km (Region III. A and III. B) for the modulation of 4-QAM, QPSK, 8-PSK, and 16-PSK.

Dispersion characteristics and compensation in the POLMUX coherent optical communication system

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (19-21) ◽  
pp. 1740054
Author(s):  
Guijun Zhu ◽  
Xiukai Ruan ◽  
Zhili Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Communication ◽  
Communication System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Polarization Mode Dispersion ◽  
Optical Fiber Communication ◽  
Dispersion Characteristics ◽  
Optical Communication System ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Coherent Optical Communication

The trend of high-speed optical communication is to realize large capacity, fast speed and long haul transmission. However, the dispersion in an optical fiber link can cause signals distortion or even inter symbol interference (ISI). With increasing signal rate and transmission distance in the optical communication system, the development of high-speed optical fiber communication is restricted seriously. This paper is focusing on the dispersion characteristics and compensation of the polarization multiplexing (POLMUX) coherent optical communication system: (i) to study on dispersion theoretically, e.g., chromatic dispersion (CD), polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and dispersion tolerance; (ii) to analyze and compare the performance of dispersion with various 16-ary modulation formats; (iii) to compensate dispersion by the classical dispersion compensation methods.

Performance Analysis of Laser Phase Noise Compensated COOFDM System

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-451
Author(s):  
Divya Dhawan ◽  
Neena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Phase Noise ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Error Vector Magnitude ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Promising Solution

AbstractOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing along with the coherent detection and spectrally efficient modulation formats is a promising solution for long haul and high speed communication systems. Although they offer significant advantages which make them suitable for high speed and long haul communication systems they all are susceptible to phase noise. In this paper a combination of RF-pilot-based approach followed by pilot-based equalization approach is used for laser phase noise compensation. The various parameters such as drive voltage, bias voltage and extinction ratio are optimized to get the optimum performance from the proposed scheme. The designed system is then analyzed in terms of Symbol Error Rate (SER), constellation diagrams and error vector magnitude using various types of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) formats.

A Radio-Over-Fiber Link with Hybrid Optical Fiber-Ceramic Multilayer Technology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumy Mathew ◽  
Tilo Welker ◽  
Steffen Spira ◽  
Ralf Stephan ◽  
Jens Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Fiber Link ◽  
Multilayer Technology
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document