scholarly journals Contactless Vital Signs Measurement System Using RGB-Thermal Image Sensors and Its Clinical Screening Test on Patients with Seasonal Influenza

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Negishi ◽  
Shigeto Abe ◽  
Takemi Matsui ◽  
He Liu ◽  
Masaki Kurosawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Thermal Image ◽  
Image Sensors ◽  
Music Algorithm

Background: In the last two decades, infrared thermography (IRT) has been applied in quarantine stations for the screening of patients with suspected infectious disease. However, the fever-based screening procedure employing IRT suffers from low sensitivity, because monitoring body temperature alone is insufficient for detecting infected patients. To overcome the drawbacks of fever-based screening, this study aims to develop and evaluate a multiple vital sign (i.e., body temperature, heart rate and respiration rate) measurement system using RGB-thermal image sensors. Methods: The RGB camera measures blood volume pulse (BVP) through variations in the light absorption from human facial areas. IRT is used to estimate the respiration rate by measuring the change in temperature near the nostrils or mouth accompanying respiration. To enable a stable and reliable system, the following image and signal processing methods were proposed and implemented: (1) an RGB-thermal image fusion approach to achieve highly reliable facial region-of-interest tracking, (2) a heart rate estimation method including a tapered window for reducing noise caused by the face tracker, reconstruction of a BVP signal with three RGB channels to optimize a linear function, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm for estimating the pseudo-spectrum from limited time-domain BVP signals within 15 s and (3) a respiration rate estimation method implementing nasal or oral breathing signal selection based on signal quality index for stable measurement and MUSIC algorithm for rapid measurement. We tested the system on 22 healthy subjects and 28 patients with seasonal influenza, using the support vector machine (SVM) classification method. Results: The body temperature, heart rate and respiration rate measured in a non-contact manner were highly similarity to those measured via contact-type reference devices (i.e., thermometer, ECG and respiration belt), with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.71, 0.87 and 0.87, respectively. Moreover, the optimized SVM model with three vital signs yielded sensitivity and specificity values of 85.7% and 90.1%, respectively. Conclusion: For contactless vital sign measurement, the system achieved a performance similar to that of the reference devices. The multiple vital sign-based screening achieved higher sensitivity than fever-based screening. Thus, this system represents a promising alternative for further quarantine procedures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

scholarly journals An effect of physical exercise-induced fatigue on the vital sign parameters: A preliminary study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Najeb Jamaludin ◽  
Kamaruzaman Soeed
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Movement ◽  
Exercise Induced

Vital sign monitoring is an important body measurement to identify health condition and diagnose any disease and illness. In sports, physical exercise will contribute to the changes of the physiological systems, specifically for the vital signs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of physical fatigue exercise on the vital sign parameters. This is significant for the fitness identification and prediction of each individual when performing an exercise. Five male subjects with no history of injuries and random BMI were selected from students of biomedical engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Based on the relationship between physical movement and physiology, the parameters considered were heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. Subjects were required to run on the treadmill at an initial speed of 4 km/h with an increase of 1 km/h at every 2 minutes interval. The effect of exercise was marked according to the fatigue protocol where the subject was induced to the maximum condition of performance. All parameters were measured twice, for pre and post exercise-induced protocol. The analysis of relationship of each parameter between pre and post fatigue was p<0.05. The results revealed that the heart rate and gap between blood pressure’s systolic and diastolic were greater for all categories except underweight, where the systolic blood pressure dropped to below 100mmHg at the end of exercise. Also, the body temperature was slightly declined to balance the thermoregulatory system with sweating. Hence, the vigorous physical movement could contribute to the active physiological system based on body metabolism. Heart rate and blood pressure presented significant effects from the fatiguing exercise whereas the body temperature did not indicate any distinguishable impact. The results presented might act as the basis of reference for physical exercise by monitoring the vital sign parameters.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Accuracy of the VitalWellness Device

Iproceedings ◽  
10.2196/16250 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e16250
Author(s):  
Nicole Polanco ◽  
Sharon Odametey ◽  
Neda Derakhshani ◽  
Mark Khachaturian ◽  
Connor Devoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Mean Difference

Background Wellness devices for health tracking have gained popularity in recent years. Additionally, portable and readily accessible wellness devices have several advantages when compared to traditional medical devices found in clinical environments The VitalWellness device is a portable wellness device that can potentially aide vital sign measuring for those interested in tracking their health. Objective In this diagnostic accuracy study, we evaluated the performance of the VitalWellness device, a wireless, compact, non-invasive device that measures four vital signs (blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and body temperature using the index finger and forehead. Methods Volunteers age ≥18 years were enrolled to provide blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and body temperature. We recruited participants with vital signs that fell within and outside of the normal physiological range. A sub-group of eligible participants were asked to undergo an exercise test, aerobic step test and/or a paced breathing test to analyze the VitalWellness device’s performance on vital signs outside of the normal physiological ranges for HR and RR. Vital signs measurements were collected with the VitalWellness device and FDA-approved reference devices. Mean, standard deviation, mean difference, standard deviation of difference, standard error of mean difference, and correlation coefficients were calculated for measurements collected; these measurements were plotted on a scatter plot and a Bland-Altman plot. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the performance of the VitalWellness device by gender, skin color, finger size, and in the presence of artifacts. Results 265 volunteers enrolled in the study and 2 withdrew before study completion. Majority of the volunteers were female (62%), predominately white (63%), graduated from college or post college (67%), and employed (59%). There was a moderately strong linear relationship between VitalWellness BP and reference BP (r=0.7, P<.05) and VitalWellness RR and reference RR measurements (r=0.7, P<.05). The VitalWellness HR readings were significantly in line with the reference HR readings (r=0.9, P<.05). There was a weaker linear relationship between VitalWellness temperature and reference temperature (r=0.3, P<.05). There were no differences in performance of the VitalWellness device by gender, skin color or in the presence of artifacts. Finger size was associated with differential performance for RR. Conclusions Overall, the VitalWellness device performed well in taking BP, HR, and RR when compared to FDA-approved reference devices and has potential serve as a wellness device. To test adaptability and acceptability, future research may evaluate user’s interactions and experiences with the VitalWellness device at home. In addition, the next phase of the study will evaluate transmitting vital sign information from the VitalWellness device to an online secured database where information can be shared with HCPs within seconds of measurement.

scholarly journals Vital Signs Prediction for COVID-19 Patients in ICU

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8131
Author(s):  
Ahmed Youssef Ali Amer ◽  
Femke Wouters ◽  
Julie Vranken ◽  
Pauline Dreesen ◽  
Dianne de Korte-de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Prediction Performance ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Icu Patients

This study introduces machine learning predictive models to predict the future values of the monitored vital signs of COVID-19 ICU patients. The main vital sign predictors include heart rate, respiration rate, and oxygen saturation. We investigated the performances of the developed predictive models by considering different approaches. The first predictive model was developed by considering the following vital signs: heart rate, blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial, pulse pressure), respiration rate, and oxygen saturation. Similar to the first approach, the second model was developed using the same vital signs, but it was trained and tested based on a leave-one-subject-out approach. The third predictive model was developed by considering three vital signs: heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR), and oxygen saturation (SpO2). The fourth model was a leave-one-subject-out model for the three vital signs. Finally, the fifth predictive model was developed based on the same three vital signs, but with a five-minute observation rate, in contrast with the aforementioned four models, where the observation rate was hourly to bi-hourly. For the five models, the predicted measurements were those of the three upcoming observations (on average, three hours ahead). Based on the obtained results, we observed that by limiting the number of vital sign predictors (i.e., three vital signs), the prediction performance was still acceptable, with the average mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) being 12%,5%, and 21.4% for heart rate, oxygen saturation, and respiration rate, respectively. Moreover, increasing the observation rate could enhance the prediction performance to be, on average, 8%,4.8%, and 17.8% for heart rate, oxygen saturation, and respiration rate, respectively. It is envisioned that such models could be integrated with monitoring systems that could, using a limited number of vital signs, predict the health conditions of COVID-19 ICU patients in real-time.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of the Evaluation of Using Antibiotics in Sepsis Patients in Palu, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 1036-1040
Author(s):  
Alwiyah Mukaddas ◽  
Tatat Rahmita Utami ◽  
Amelia Rumi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Baseline Heart Rate ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Gcs Score

BACKGROUND: Treatment therapy with antibiotics is one of the factors supporting success in the treatment of sepsis. AIM: This study aims to evaluate the use of antibiotics in patients with sepsis using parameters of the day of decline in body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, changes in consciousness status, and comorbid factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The design of this study is pilot study with a retrospective approach on sample of 14 sepsis patients who met the inclusion criteria. Descriptive analysis using the univariate method for see changes in levels of body temperature, length of stay, respiration rate, heart rate, comorbid factors, and changes in the consciousness status. RESULTS: The results showed an average value for decline of body temperature after using antibiotics with a baseline of 38.47°C–37.87°C, heart rate shows the average value from baseline heart rate after using antibiotics from baseline of 110.8 bpm to 88.4 bpm, the respiration rate shows the average value for the respiration rate after using antibiotics from baseline of 30.8 x/min to 22.1 x/min, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score showed an average value after using antibiotics from baseline 9 to 7, on comorbid factors showing six patients with one comorbid and eight patients with more than 1 comorbid factor. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that body temperature is still in the category of fever, heart rate, and respiration rate which are the normal category, patient consciousness is still at the level of somnolence even though patient’s GCS score has decreased, and patients with one factor of comorbidities are faster in death because they have a fatal type of comorbid such as acute of hepatitis, coma hepaticum, and acute kidney injury.

scholarly journals Measurement of Heart Rate, and Body Temperature Based on Android Platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Musyahadah Arum Pertiwi ◽  
I Dewa Gede Hari Wisana ◽  
Triwiyanto Triwiyanto ◽  
Sasivimon Sukaphat
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Measurement Results

Heart rate and body temperature can be used to determine the vital signs of humans. Heart rate and body temperature are two important parameters used by paramedics to determine the physical health condition and mental condition of a person. Because if your heart rate or body temperature is not normal then you need to make further efforts to avoid things that are not desirable. The purpose of this study is to design a heart rate and body temperature. In this study, the heart rate is detected using a finger sensor which placed on the finger. This sensor detects the heart rate pulses through infrared absorption of blood hemoglobin, and measure the body temperature using a DS18B20 temperature sensor which is placed axially. DS18B20 sensor works by converting temperature into digital data. The measurement results will be displayed on liquid crystal display (LCD) 2 x 16 and the data will be sent to android mobile phone via Bluetooth.  After the comparision beetwen the desain and the standart, the error is 0.46% for beats per minutes (BPM) parameters and 0.31 degrees Celsius for temperature parameters.

scholarly journals Distribution of Pediatric Vital Signs in the Emergency Department: A Nationwide Study

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Woori Bae ◽  
Kyunghoon Kim ◽  
Bongjin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Normal Body Temperature ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Normal Body

To effectively use vital signs as indicators in children, the magnitude of deviation from expected vital sign distribution should be determined. The purpose of this study is to derive age-specific centile charts for the heart rate and respiratory rate of the children who visited the emergency department. This study used the Korea’s National Emergency Department Information System dataset. Patients aged <16 years visiting the emergency department between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 were included. Heart rate and respiratory rate centile charts were derived from the population with normal body temperature (36 to <38 °C). Of 1,901,816 data points retrieved from the database, 1,454,372 sets of heart rates and 1,458,791 sets of respiratory rates were used to derive centile charts. Age-specific centile charts and curves of heart rates and respiratory rates showed a decline in heart rate and respiratory rate from birth to early adolescence. There were substantial discrepancies in the reference ranges of Advanced Paediatric Life Support and Pediatric Advanced Life Support guidelines. Age-based heart rate and respiratory rate centile charts at normal body temperature, derived from children visiting emergency departments, serve as new evidence-based data and can be used in follow-up studies to improve clinical care for children.

scholarly journals A Novel Real-Time Human Heart Rate Estimation Method for Noncontact Vital Sign Radar Detection

IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 88689-88699
Author(s):  
Yipeng Ding ◽  
Xiali Yu ◽  
Chengxi Lei ◽  
Yinhua Sun ◽  
Xuemei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Radar Detection ◽  
Rate Estimation ◽  
Heart Rate Estimation

scholarly journals A Novel Vital-Sign Sensing Algorithm for Multiple Subjects Based on 24-GHz FMCW Doppler Radar

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjae Lee ◽  
Byung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jin-Kwan Park ◽  
Jong-Gwan Yook
Keyword(s):  
Vital Sign ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Spectral Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Phase Information ◽  
Multiple Targets ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
24 Ghz

A novel non-contact vital-sign sensing algorithm for use in cases of multiple subjects is proposed. The approach uses a 24 GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave Doppler radar with the parametric spectral estimation method. Doppler processing and spectral estimation are concurrently implemented to detect vital signs from more than one subject, revealing excellent results. The parametric spectral estimation method is utilized to clearly identify multiple targets, making it possible to distinguish multiple targets located less than 40 cm apart, which is beyond the limit of the theoretical range resolution. Fourier transformation is used to extract phase information, and the result is combined with the spectral estimation result. To eliminate mutual interference, the range integration is performed when combining the range and phase information. By considering breathing and heartbeat periodicity, the proposed algorithm can accurately extract vital signs in real time by applying an auto-regressive algorithm. The capability of a contactless and unobtrusive vital sign measurement with a millimeter wave radar system has innumerable applications, such as remote patient monitoring, emergency surveillance, and personal health care.

scholarly journals Vital-SCOPE: Design and Evaluation of a Smart Vital Sign Monitor for Simultaneous Measurement of Pulse Rate, Respiratory Rate, and Body Temperature for Patient Monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghao Sun ◽  
Takemi Matsui ◽  
Yasuyuki Watai ◽  
Seokjin Kim ◽  
Tetsuo Kirimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
The Mean

Consistent vital sign monitoring is critically important for early detection of clinical deterioration of patients in hospital settings. Mostly, nurses routinely measure and document the primary vital signs of all patients 2‐3 times daily to assess their condition. To reduce nurse workload and thereby improve quality of patient care, a smart vital sign monitor named “Vital‐SCOPE” for simultaneous measurement of vital signs was developed. Vital-SCOPE consists of multiple sensors, including a reflective photo sensor, thermopile, and medical radar, to be used in simultaneous pulse rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature monitoring within 10 s. It was tested in laboratory and hospital settings. Bland-Altman and Pearson’s correlation analyses were used to compare the Vital-SCOPE results to those of reference measurements. The mean difference of the respiratory rate between respiratory effort belt and Vital-SCOPE was 0.47 breaths per minute with the 95% limit of agreement ranging from −7.4 to 6.5 breaths per minute. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.63 (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean difference of the pulse rate between electrocardiogram and Vital-SCOPE was 3.4 beats per minute with the 95% limit of agreement ranging from −13 to 5.8 beats per minute; the Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.91 (P<0.01), indicating strong linear relationship.

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