scholarly journals A Novel Blockchain Framework for Industrial IoT Edge Computing

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Xu ◽  
Zhi Zeng ◽  
Shengjie Yang ◽  
Hongyan Shao
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
And Performance

With the rapid development of industrial internet of thing (IIoT), the distributed topology of IIoT and resource constraints of edge computing conduct new challenges to traditional data storage, transmission, and security protection. A distributed trust and allocated ledger of blockchain technology are suitable for the distributed IIoT, which also becomes an effective method for edge computing applications. This paper proposes a resource constrained Layered Lightweight Blockchain Framework (LLBF) and implementation mechanism. The framework consists of a resource constrained layer (RCL) and a resource extended layer (REL) blockchain used in IIoT. We redesign the block structure and size to suit to IIoT edge computing devices. A lightweight consensus algorithm and a dynamic trust right algorithm is developed to improve the throughput of blockchain and reduce the number of transactions validated in new blocks respectively. Through a high throughput management to guarantee the transaction load balance of blockchain. Finally, we conducted kinds of blockchain simulation and performance experiments, the outcome indicated that the method have a good performance in IIoT edge application.

scholarly journals ECLB: Edge-Computing-Based Lightweight Blockchain Framework for Mobile Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Qingqing Xie ◽  
Fan Dong ◽  
Xia Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Consensus Protocol ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Natural Solution ◽  
And Performance

The blockchain technology achieves security by sacrificing prohibitive storage and computation resources. However, in mobile systems, the mobile devices usually offer weak computation and storage resources. It prohibits the wide application of the blockchain technology. Edge computing appears with strong resources and inherent decentralization, which can provide a natural solution to overcoming the resource-insufficiency problem. However, applying edge computing directly can only relieve some storage and computation pressure. There are some other open problems, such as improving confirmation latency, throughput, and regulation. To this end, we propose an edge-computing-based lightweight blockchain framework (ECLB) for mobile systems. This paper introduces a novel set of ledger structures and designs a transaction consensus protocol to achieve superior performance. Moreover, considering the permissioned blockchain setting, we specifically utilize some cryptographic methods to design a pluggable transaction regulation module. Finally, our security analysis and performance evaluation show that ECLB can retain the security of Bitcoin-like blockchain and better performance of ledger storage cost in mobile devices, block mining computation cost, throughput, transaction confirmation latency, and transaction regulation cost.

scholarly journals Blockchain-Enhanced Fair and Efficient Energy Trading in Industrial Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jianwen Hu ◽  
Yuling Chen ◽  
Xiaojun Ren ◽  
Yixian Yang ◽  
Xiaobin Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Identity Verification ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Transaction Process ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Trading Scheme

As the technical support of the industrial Internet of Things, blockchain technology has been widely used in energy trading, data transactions, and Internet of Vehicles. However, most of the existing energy trading models only address the transaction security and transaction privacy issues that arise in the energy trading process, ignoring the fairness of resource allocation and transaction equity in the trading process. In order to tackle those problems, an energy trading scheme called HO-TRAD is proposed in this paper to improve the efficiency of model trading while ensuring the fairness of energy trading. We propose a new trading strategy in the HO-TRAD energy trading scheme that guarantees fairness in the allocation of trading resources by introducing an entity’s active reputation value. Use smart contracts to achieve transparency and ensure fairness in the transaction process. Based on the identity verification foundation of the consortium chain, the scheme enhances the existing PBFT consensus algorithm and improves the efficiency of model transactions. The experimental simulation indicates that the scheme requires less transaction time and has higher transaction fairness and security.

scholarly journals A Blockchain System Based on Quantum-Resistant Digital Signature

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Peijun Zhang ◽  
Lianhai Wang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Kunlun Fu ◽  
Jinpeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computation ◽  
Digital Signature ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Distributed Structure ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Public Keys ◽  
And Performance

Blockchain, which has a distributed structure, has been widely used in many areas. Especially in the area of smart cities, blockchain technology shows great potential. The security issues of blockchain affect the construction of smart cities to varying degrees. With the rapid development of quantum computation, elliptic curves cryptosystems used in blockchain are not secure enough. This paper presents a blockchain system based on lattice cipher, which can resist the attack of quantum computation. The most challenge is that the size of public keys and signatures used by lattice cryptosystems is typically very large. As a result, each block in a blockchain can only accommodate a small number of transactions. It will affect the running speed and performance of the blockchain. For overcoming this problem, we proposed a way that we only put the hash values of public keys and signatures on the blockchain and store the complete content of them on an IPFS (interplanetary file system). In this way, the number of bytes occupied by each transaction is greatly reduced. We design a bitcoin exchange scheme to evaluate the performance of the proposed quantum-resistant blockchain system. The simulation platform is verified to be available and effective.

scholarly journals A Self-Configurable Edge Computing for Industrial IoT

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2890-2894
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Automatic Guided Vehicles ◽  
Industrial Wireless Networks ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Smart Industry

The proliferation of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) introduces the concept of a smarter production environment. The emerging technologies like software defined network (SDN), IIoT and cloud computing will bring great advancements in the modern industrial revolution called Industry 4.0. Therefore, with the rapid development of IIoT technology, the proposed work incorporates with Edge Computing (EC). The current manufacturing process and automation, computing and wireless network reaches out to headways in innovation from easy to the point where all things (devices) and machines can interface through an Internet of Everything (IoE). This paper extends the work carried out in traditional methods, by integrating the cloud layer, Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGV), Industrial Wireless networks (IWN) and Industrial robots through EC is conferred to make autonomous decision-making capabilities. EC is emerging as a significant element in the smart industry to bring legacy in the context of Industrial IoT (IIoT). Finally, our proposed framework demonstrates that the active RFID-enabled AGV and industrial robots are brought in to exploit for effective resource management under the EC-based IIoT architecture, subsequently, it improves the conveyor efficiency and overall energy consumption in the warehouse for material handling.

Reliability Aware Medical Resource Allocation for Health Care Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Using Tabu Search and Alo Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3090-3095
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandran ◽  
N. Gayathri ◽  
S. Rakeshkumar
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Medical Resource ◽  
Medical Resources ◽  
Smart Healthcare ◽  
Industrial Iot

The medical data integrating system allows the hospital’s resource constraints to be more effectively utilized. Moreover, by improving the resource management and allocation method, the hospital’s operations may be more organized, and the effectiveness of healthcare can be improved without breaking the medical agreements. Significant catastrophes frequently result in a scarcity of important medical resources, hence resource allocation must be optimized to enhance the performance of relief operations. The two main requirements for healthcare industrial applications are timeliness and reliability. Therefore, in the architecture of a smart healthcare industry these two criteria should be thought carefully. A well-known approach for the security and timeliness in the intelligent healthcare industry is to utilize hybrid IoT and Cloud technologies. Yet it is not enough to protect their hard deadlines for tight time-sensitive applications utilizing cloud. A potential way to cope with efficiency and latency criteria for strict time-sensitive applications is the deployment of intermediate processing layer IoT that can be linked between healthcare industrial plant and cloud. The purpose of this article is to develop a healthcare Industrial IoT system that include a medical resource allocation scheme for dividing a certain amount of workload between those multiple computing layers which are dependable and time consuming. IOT is integration of microprocessors and controller Workload partitioning can give us important design decisions to specify how many computing resources are needed in cooperation with IoT to develop a local private cloud. Ant lion optimization (ALO) and TABU Look for the right route. The simplest method of deciding the distance to a destination is to choose an OLSR routing protocol depending on the meaning or measure it requires. The method proposed in the distribution and data storage of medical resources is very efficient.

A Reliable IDS System Using Blockchain for SDN-Enabled IIoT Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-194
Author(s):  
Ambika N.
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Group Development ◽  
Subspace Learning ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Learning Procedure ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The internet of things is the technology that aims to provide a common platform to the devices of varying capabilities to communicate. Industrial internet of things (IIoT) systems can perform better using these devices in combination with SDN network and blockchain technology. The suggestion uses random space learning (RSL) comprising three stages. The random subspace learning strategy is a troupe learning procedure called attributes bagging. It improves forecast and order errands as it utilizes group development of base classifiers rather than a solitary classifier, and it takes arbitrary subsets of properties rather than the whole arrangement of attributes. The system uses the blockchain methodology to secure the system. SDN networks aim to better the transmission of data in industrial IoT devices. Misrouting and forged attacks are some of the common attacks in these systems. The proposal provides better reliability than the previous contribution by 2.7%.

Blockchain and the Industrial Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Siegfried ◽  
Tobias Rosenthal ◽  
Alexander Benlian
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the suitability of Blockchain technology for applications in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT). It provides a taxonomy of system requirements for such applications and maps these requirements against the Blockchain’s technological idiosyncrasies. Design/methodology/approach A requirement taxonomy is built in an iterative process based on a descriptive literature review. In total, 223 studies have been screened leading to a relevant sample of 48 publications that were analyzed in detail regarding posed system requirements. Subsequently, Blockchain’s capabilities are discussed for each requirement dimension. Findings The paper presents a taxonomy of six requirement dimensions. In the mapping process, areas of greater fit (e.g., reliability, nonrepudiation and adaptability) were identified. However, there are also several constraints (e.g., scalability, confidentiality and performance) that limit the use of Blockchain. Research limitations/implications Due to the limited amount of studies and the vibrant development of Blockchain technology, the results may benefit from practical evidence. Researchers are encouraged to validate the results in qualitative practitioner interviews. Focusing on literature-backed public Blockchain, idiosyncrasies of private implementations and specific distributed ledger technologies may be discussed in future studies. Practical implications The paper includes use cases for Blockchain in manufacturing and IIOT applications. Potential caveats for practitioners are presented. Originality/value This paper addresses the need to understand to which degree Blockchain is a suitable technology in manufacturing, especially in context of the IIOT. It contributes a requirement taxonomy which serves as the foundation for a systematic fit assessment.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Blockchain Consensus Algorithms from Shariah Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Tasneem Darwish ◽  
Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar ◽  
Gen Matsuda ◽  
Ahmed Aliyu ◽  
Abdul Hanan Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Distributed Applications ◽  
Work Flow ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Consensus Algorithms ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
And Performance

Blockchain provides a distributed digital ledger platform for not only cryptocurrencies but also many other distributed applications. Blockchain platforms work flow and performance are controlled by the used consensus algorithms. Although many studies evaluated cryptocurrency from the Shariah perspective, they focused only on the cryptocurrency concept and did not consider the underlying blockchain technology. However, designing a Shariah compliant application on top of a non Shariah compliant platform does not fulfil the requirements of Shariah. Therefore, it is necessary to use a Shariah compliant blockchain platform in order to produce Shariah compliant blockchain applications. To support the production of Shariah compliant blockchain applications, this study provides a comparative analysis of the most used consensus algorithms in blockchain platforms. In particular, the considered consensus algorithms are evaluated from a Shariah perspective. In conclusion, based on the conducted evaluation some of the widely used blockchain platforms (e.g. Bitcoin and Ethereum) are found to be not compliant with the Shariah rules due to using a consensus algorithm that is not Shariah compliant.

scholarly journals A Decentralized Threshold Signature Scheme of Blockchain-Based Medical Cyber Physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfei Zhou ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Fulong Chen ◽  
Yuqing Tang ◽  
Canlin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Threshold Signature ◽  
Secure Storage ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Physical Data ◽  
And Performance

Abstract With the rapid development of medical information, the medical cyber system is rapidly transforming, and medical information sharing faces new challenges. Blockchain technology is a revolutionary technology. It has the characteristics of tamper-proof and privacy-preserving, and has natural protection for big data systems, that can be used in medical systems. In this paper,we proposed to store medical cyber physical data in a mixed blockchain with private blockchain and consortium blockchain in order to realize the secure storage of medical cyber physical data by the tamper-resistant and sharing of blockchain technology. In the system, a threshold signature system based on blockhain is also proposed. Aiming at the situation that medical accidents are easy to occur in multidisciplinary joint consultation in the medical process, this paper proposes to use threshold signature for joint consultation. Using the security and threshold of threshold signature, treatment can be carried out when the threshold number is reached, and medical data can be uploaded to the consortium blockchain. The security analysis and performance analysis show that the scheme has advantages in safety and performance and is suitable for the medical environment to a certain extent.

scholarly journals Smart Privacy Protection for Big Video Data Storage Based on Hierarchical Edge Computing

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1517
Author(s):  
Di Xiao ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Hongying Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Scalar Data ◽  
Key Frames ◽  
Multi Access

Recently, the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to an increasing exponential growth of non-scalar data (e.g., images, videos). Local services are far from satisfying storage requirements, and the cloud computing fails to effectively support heterogeneous distributed IoT environments, such as wireless sensor network. To effectively provide smart privacy protection for video data storage, we take full advantage of three patterns (multi-access edge computing, cloudlets and fog computing) of edge computing to design the hierarchical edge computing architecture, and propose a low-complexity and high-secure scheme based on it. The video is divided into three parts and stored in completely different facilities. Specifically, the most significant bits of key frames are directly stored in local sensor devices while the least significant bits of key frames are encrypted and sent to the semi-trusted cloudlets. The non-key frame is compressed with the two-layer parallel compressive sensing and encrypted by the 2D logistic-skew tent map and then transmitted to the cloud. Simulation experiments and theoretical analysis demonstrate that our proposed scheme can not only provide smart privacy protection for big video data storage based on the hierarchical edge computing, but also avoid increasing additional computation burden and storage pressure.

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