scholarly journals Spectral Filter Selection for Increasing Chromatic Diversity in CVD Subjects

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-Domingo ◽  
Eva M. Valero ◽  
Luis Gómez-Robledo ◽  
Rafael Huertas ◽  
Javier Hernández-Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Normal Observer ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Spectral Filter ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Spectral Filters ◽  
Normal Color Vision ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Color Filters

This paper analyzes, through computational simulations, which spectral filters increase the number of discernible colors (NODC) of subjects with normal color vision, as well as red–green anomalous trichromats and dichromats. The filters are selected from a set of filters in which we have modeled spectral transmittances. With the selected filters we have carried out simulations performed using the spectral reflectances captured either by a hyperspectral camera or by a spectrometer. We have also studied the effects of these filters on color coordinates. Finally, we have simulated the results of two widely used color blindness tests: Ishihara and Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue (FM100). In these analyses the selected filters are compared with the commercial filters from EnChroma and VINO companies. The results show that the increase in NODC with the selected filters is not relevant. The simulation results show that none of these chosen filters help color vision deficiency (CVD) subjects to pass the set of color blindness tests studied. These results obtained using standard colorimetry support the hypothesis that the use of color filters does not cause CVDs to have a perception similar to that of a normal observer.

Color-blindness simulation for red-green and blue-yellow ambiguity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sheida Anbari ◽  
Hamid Reza Hamidi ◽  
Shokoh Kermanshahani
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Color Perception ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Reasonable Accuracy ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Normal Color Vision ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Color Vision Test

Color blindness has important effects on people’s daily activities, since most activities require a discernment between colors. It is very important for engineers and designers to understand how colorblind people perceive colors. Therefore, many methods have been proposed to simulate color perception of people affected by Dichromacy and anomalous Trichromacy. However, the simulation results rarely have been evaluated with the reports of concerned individuals. In first study, we tried to simulate the color perception of people with different types (red and green) and different degrees of color blindness. Different degrees of red-green deficiency is simulated on the 24-plates brand of the Ishihara color vision test kit. Then simulated plates were tested on people with normal color vision. The results show that the simulation performance is better in the case of high degrees of red-green deficiency. There is also a clear difference between the assessment of female and male volunteers. In another study, the perception of the color of people with blue-yellow blindness is also considered. The proposed blue-yellow blind simulation is compared with the result of another research project. The results show that the color perception of individuals with different degrees of blue-yellow blindness can be reconstructed with a reasonable accuracy.

On Knowing Books by Their Colors

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Boynton ◽  
Stanley Dolensky
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Normal Color Vision ◽  
Abstract Stimulus ◽  
Color Cues ◽  
Stimulus Materials ◽  
Search And Recognition ◽  
Better Than

In a search and recognition task utilizing real-world objects, the usefulness of color cues is observed to depend upon the availability of alphanumeric information. Following a 45-sec. inspection of a randomly selected collection of 17 books, spread on a table with their titles exposed, subjects were asked to identify as many of these as possible during a test period beginning 3 min. later in which 17 decoys were also present. Some subjects wore glasses with red filters during the test and inspection periods. The color blindness thereby introduced did not impair their performance in comparison with control subjects who were able to utilize normal color vision. Moreover, the introduction of color during the test period impaired the performance of subjects who had been deprived of color cues during inspection. It was concluded that subjects paid attention mostly to book titles and for that reason did not use other cues, including color, to much advantage. In a second experiment, where titles were obscured, subjects with normal color vision performed much better than those who were made color blind during the inspection or test periods. The results of both experiments are generally consistent with predictions based on experiments which have used abstract stimulus materials.

scholarly journals Smartphone Based Image Color Correction for Color Blindness

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Lamiaa A. Elrefaei
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Color Correction ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Color Blind

<p class="0abstract">Color blind is a type of Color Vision Deficiency, which is the inability that a person could not realize the differences between some colors. There are three types of color blindness: Monochromacy, Dichromacy, and Anomalous Trichromacy. Color blind cannot be cured. Today, technology gets up with solutions to help people with color blindness to see the image and distinguish between the different colors using some algorithms. This paper presents a smartphone based experimental comparison of color correction algorithms for Dichromacy color-blind viewers. This comparison includes LMS Daltonization algorithm, Color-blind Filter Service (CBFS) algorithm, LAB color corrector algorithm, and the shifting color algorithm. The description of the smartphone based implementation details and parameters settings of these algorithms is presented. An application interface is implemented to enable the user to choose the algorithm that gives the most appropriate results. The results of these algorithms are compared to see their strength and weakness.</p>

Two-Dimensional Biocompatible Plasmonic Lenses for Color Blindness Correction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Roostaei ◽  
S. M. Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Color Filter ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Simple Design ◽  
Plasmonic Lens ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Plasmonic Lenses

Abstract Color blindness, or color vision deficiency (CVD), is an ocular disease that suppresses the recognition of different colors. Recently, tinted glasses and lenses have been studied as hopeful devices for color blindness correction. In this study, 2D biocompatible and flexible plasmonic lenses were fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and an innovative, low-cost, and simple design based on the soft nano-lithography method. These lenses were investigated for correction of red-green (deuteranomaly) color blindness. The plasmonic lens proposed herein is based on the plasmonic surface lattice resonance (SLR) phenomenon and offers a good color filter for color blindness correction. The biocompatibility, low cost, and simple fabrication of these contact lenses can offer new insights for applications of color blindness correction.

scholarly journals Frequency of Color Blindness in Driving License Candidates Presenting in Allied Hospital, Faisalabad

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-931
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz ◽  
Huzaifa Akhlaq ◽  
Muhammad Ahsen ◽  
Nida Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Driving License ◽  
Normal Color Vision ◽  
Optic Nerve Disorders

Background: Color vision is an integral part of visual functions. Defective color vision may leadto difficulties in daily activities and even choosing and continuing in a certain profession. Colorvision deficiency or blindness may be congenital or acquired due to retinal or optic nerve disorders Aim: To investigate the frequency of color blindness or weakness in driving license candidates presenting for medical exam, for the year 2019. Methodology: The study design was descriptive cross sectional and the sampling technique wasnon probability convenient sampling. The place of study was eye outdoor of Allied Hospital,Faisalabad. The sample size was 13,637 based on inclusion criteria. The subjects ranged in agefrom 18 years onwards to a maximum presentation of 76 years with mean age as 30.728 ±10.131.Both genders were included in the study. Visual acuity was tested on Snellen’s Chart andrefraction, if needed, was performed to obtain best corrected acuity. Results: The results of the study showed that most of the subjects had 6/6 vision as 96.6% in righteye and 96.5% in left eye, 6/9 as 2.8% and 2.9% and 6/12 as 0.3% and 0.4% respectively for rightand left eye. The frequency of normal color vision was 94%, 4.9% for red green deficiency and 1.1% for color blindness. Conclusion: A frequency of 4.9% and 1.1% for color deficiency and color blindness respectively, in drivers, indicates that color vision must be tested to avoid any possible accidents related todeficient color perception. Keywords: Driving license, colorblindness

scholarly journals Prevalence of Color Vision Deficiency among Dental Practitioners and its Effect on Shade Matching Ability

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 539-543
Author(s):  
Abdulhaq Suliman ◽  
Tholfikar Al-Abdali ◽  
Mohammed Taslimi ◽  
Ahmad Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Normal Color Vision ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ishihara Test ◽  
Shade Matching ◽  
Random Composite

Objective: Shade selection is a crucial step in achieving aesthetically-pleasing restorations, and it is affected by the dentist’s ability to match the shade of the patient’s teeth. Color Deficiency Disease (CVD) has been thought to be a potential factor affecting color perception. The study aims to find the prevalence of CVD between dentists and dental students and to evaluate its effect on shade matching ability. Methods: A sample of 319 dentists and dental students in the College of Dentistry at Ajman University, Ajman, UAE was examined with the Ishihara test to find the prevalence of CVD. Then participants with CVD were tested for shade matching ability, and were compared to participants with normal color vision with the same gender and qualification level. They were asked to match 10 random composite samples with different shades to a custom shade guide made from the same composite material. A score was calculated, representing the number of correct answers they achieved. Results: The results showed that 8 out of 143 males (5.6%) had CVD, and 0 out of 176 females had CVD. There was no significant difference in the score of shade matching test between participants with CVD and participants with normal color vision (p=0.075). Conclusion: Males showed a higher prevalence of color vision deficiency than females. CVD had no significant effect on shade matching ability.

scholarly journals Uso de simulação da visão de daltônicos na avaliação da informação cromática contida em embalagens | The color blinds vision simulation in the evaluation of color information contained in packages

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-93
Author(s):  
Wanessa Mayara Braz de Souza ◽  
Carla Patrícia de Araújo Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Color Information ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Rgb Images ◽  
Vision Simulation

Deficiências cromáticas visuais, popularmente conhecidas como daltonismo, afetam a capacidade dos indivíduos para identificar e/ou diferenciar cores. Para compreender como a deficiência afeta a percepção de informações cromáticas em embalagens, este estudo utiliza ferramentas de simulação para obter imagens próximas ao modelo de visão das cores observado por estes indivíduos. Realizou-se a análise com três embalagens, selecionadas por conveniência, caracterizando-se como estudo exploratório descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa. Foram constatadas alterações nos níveis de RGB e HSB das cores analisadas, provocando ruído na compreensão das informações cromáticas, uma vez que ocorre a descaracterização as cores originalmente propostas.*****Color vision deficiency, popularly known as color blindness, affects a portion of the population. They affect the ability of individuals to differentiate between colors and, consequently, to interpret information associated with color-coding. Based on this problem, exploratory research was carried out, with a qualitative approach, in which we evaluated the perception of color information contained in packages. The strategy used was the technical analysis, performed by the researchers, using a color blindness simulator. Changes were observed in the levels of red, green and blue (RGB) images, with important modifications in the hue, saturation, and brightness (HSB), decharacterizing the original chromatic design. The use of color blindness simulation allowed the identification of possible noises and ambiguities in the packaging interface.

scholarly journals Color Vision Deficiency in Medical Students in Jammu & Kashmir, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masarat Nazeer ◽  
Snobar Bashir ◽  
Nadeema Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Color Blindness ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cone Pigments ◽  
Color Vision Deficiencies ◽  
Time Of Admission

Non recognition of any of the three colors is known as color blindness. Color blindness is the commonly used term for deficiency of color vision. Word color blindness is a misnomer as anyone labeled as it, is extremely rare to be totally color blind hence more correctly called color vision deficiencies (CVD). Color vision is a function of three types of cone pigments present in retina. The incidence of Color vision deficiency is common in medical profession and affects the diagnosis and treatment of patients but still it remains the most neglected aspect of vision. Color is very important sign used in medical profession, but there is no effective screening for Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) at any level of medical profession. The present study was undertaken to find out CVD in medical students of Government medical college Srinagar. Material and Method: A total of 300 medical students (MBBS, BDS, NURSING) including 154 males and 146 females between 18-20 years of age were examined for CVD in Medical College using Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates. After taking history on structured proforma the students were shown Ishihara’s test plates under day light at normal reading distance. Results: Among 154 males, 11 were color deficient (7.14%), and among 146 females, 1 (0.68%) had color vision deficiency. Deutranomalia (41.6%) was the most common type of CVD followed by Protanomalia (25%) then Protanopia (16.7%) and Deutranopia (16.7%), respectively. Conclusions: With this high incidence of color vision deficiency, students with CVD may feel difficulty in day-today practice in medical field. So, screening for CVD in medical students at the time of admission is very important which may help in early management of CVD and with timely counseling proper adaptive strategies can be adopted.

scholarly journals Does Physical Fatigue Affect Color Vision?

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (05) ◽  
pp. E155-E159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bor Tekavcic ◽  
Radoje Milić ◽  
Manca Pompe
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Lactate Level ◽  
Blood Lactate Level ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Amateur Athletes ◽  
Color Vision Deficiency ◽  
Normal Color Vision ◽  
Healthy Participants

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to establish whether physical fatigue affects color vision. Thirty healthy participants were included in the study (M:F=15:15), age 25.3±4.4 y, all professional or top amateur athletes. They were exhausted using the Wingate test (WT). Physical fatigue was determined by blood lactate level before the WT and 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 min after. Color vision was evaluated using the Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) and the Mollon-Reffin Minimalist (MRM) tests before the WT and 5, 10 and 30 min after. Five minutes after the WT 2/30 (6%) showed affected color vision in the protan axis and 25/30 (83%) in the tritan axis. Ten and 30 min after the WT all the participants showed normal color vision in both the deutan and protan axes, whereas 12/30 (40%) and 8/30 (26%), respectively, showed affected color vision in the tritan axis. A gender difference was observed in color vision deficiency and improvement, with female participants being affected more and longer. The study showed that intense physical effort affects color vision with the tritan axis being predominantly affected.

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