scholarly journals Monitoring Aircraft Position Using EGNOS Data for the SBAS APV Approach to the Landing Procedure

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Krasuski ◽  
Damian Wierzbicki
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
International Civil Aviation Organization ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Service Data ◽  
Computational Strategy ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this paper is to present the problem of the implementation of the EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service) data for the processing of aircraft position determination. The main aim of the research is to develop a new computational strategy which might improve the performance of the EGNOS system in aviation, based on navigation solutions of an aircraft position, using several GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) onboard receivers. The results of an experimental test conducted by the Cessna 172 at EPDE (European Poland Deblin) (ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) code, N51°33.07’/E21°53.52’) aerodrome in Dęblin are presented and discussed in this paper. Two GNSS navigation receivers with the EGNOS positioning function for monitoring changes in the parameters of the aircraft position in real time during the landing phase were installed onboard a Cessna 172. Based on obtained research findings, it was discovered that the positioning accuracy was not higher than 2.1 m, and the integrity of positioning did not exceed 19 m. Moreover, the availability parameter was found to equal 1 (or 100%); also, no intervals in the continuity of the operation of the EGNOS system were recorded. In the paper, the results of the air test from Dęblin were compared with the parameters of positioning quality from the air test conducted in Chełm (ICAO code: EPCD, N51°04’57.8” E23°26’15”). In the air test in Chełm, the obtained parameters of EGNOS quality positioning were: better than 4.9 m for accuracy, less than 35.5 m for integrity, 100% for availability, and no breaks in continuity. Based on the results of the air tests in Dęblin and Chełm, it was concluded that the parameters of the EGNOS positioning quality in aviation for the SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) APV (Approach to Vertical guidance) procedure were satisfied in accordance with the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) requirements. The presented research method can be utilized in the SBAS APV landing procedure in Polish aviation. In this paper, the results of PDOP (Position Dilution of Precision) are presented and compared to the two air tests in Dęblin and Chełm. The maximum results of PDOP amounted to 1.4 in the air test in Dęblin, whereas they equaled 4.0 in the air test in Chełm. The paper also shows how the EGNOS system improved the aircraft position in relation to the only GPS solution. In this context, the EGNOS system improved the aircraft position from about 78% to 95% for each ellipsoidal coordinate axis.

scholarly journals Autonomous algorithms for monitoring the integrity of the navigation field in relation to GNSS GLONASS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
N. V. Leonidov
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
International Civil Aviation Organization ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
The Common ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The purpose of this article is to analyze the existing algorithms of autonomous control of the integrity of the navigation field of the GLONASS system. The analysis is based on domestic materials and official foreign applications. At the beginning of the article, the concept of the integrity of the global navigation satellite system is given in the form in which it is used in International Civil Aviation Organization and among the developers of such systems. The differences between the common types of control of the integrity of the navigation field are shown. The modeling of individual operational characteristics, including the average geometric factor, visibility, and accessibility for different angles of the site, is carried out. The main solutions to the problem of reduced tactical and technical characteristics of the system are compared. The existing prerequisites for the improvement of the GLONASS system and for the use of small navigation spacecraft to eliminate the gap between GLONASS and competing global navigation satellite systems are listed. As a result, a variant of improving the circumstances for the application of these algorithms in unfavorable conditions in relation to the GLONASS system is proposed. It is shown that the low-orbit addition to the GLONASS system can significantly improve the tactical and technical characteristics of the complex as a whole and provide higher reliability of the system as a whole due to the operational maintenance of the integrity of the navigation field.

scholarly journals Performance analysis of SBAS ephemeris corrections and integrity algorithms in China region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Jin ◽  
Shanshan Chen ◽  
Dongjun Li ◽  
Yuechen Wang ◽  
Elhadi Takka
Keyword(s):  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Minimum Variance ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Global Ionosphere Map ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

AbstractSatellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBASs) improve the positioning accuracy and integrity by broadcasting to the civil aviation community the corrections and integrity parameters. A snapshot algorithm based on the minimum variance estimation is investigated in this study to calculate the satellite clock and orbit corrections. A chi-square test is performed on the remaining errors in the corrected ephemeris to guarantee the integrity. User Differential Range Error (UDRE) and scaling matrix contained in Message Type 28 are derived using the covariance information based on the assumption that one of the reference stations failed. A software package is developed and applied in the real data collected at 26 stations. International GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Service (IGS) precise clock and orbit products are taken as the references to assess the accuracy of corrections. For both Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), the range accuracy of 0.10 m can be achieved with the employment of the derived corrections. No obvious performance difference between GPS and BDS is found. UDREs for all visible satellites are generated with the maximum index of 12 and minimum index of 3. The geometric range differences calculated with IGS precise products and broadcast ephemeris are employed to assess the integrity of UDRE. It is found that the UDRE is able to bound the residuals with 99.9% confidence which meet the requirement of aviation users. With ionospheric delay corrected by Global Ionosphere Map (GIM), the positioning accuracy of 0.98 m with GPS corrections and 0.80 m with multi-constellation augmentation can be achieved which indicates a significant improvement of GPS standalone results.

scholarly journals NLOS Multipath Classification of GNSS Signal Correlation Output Using Machine Learning

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2503
Author(s):  
Taro Suzuki ◽  
Yoshiharu Amano
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Positioning Errors ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Signal Correlation

This paper proposes a method for detecting non-line-of-sight (NLOS) multipath, which causes large positioning errors in a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). We use GNSS signal correlation output, which is the most primitive GNSS signal processing output, to detect NLOS multipath based on machine learning. The shape of the multi-correlator outputs is distorted due to the NLOS multipath. The features of the shape of the multi-correlator are used to discriminate the NLOS multipath. We implement two supervised learning methods, a support vector machine (SVM) and a neural network (NN), and compare their performance. In addition, we also propose an automated method of collecting training data for LOS and NLOS signals of machine learning. The evaluation of the proposed NLOS detection method in an urban environment confirmed that NN was better than SVM, and 97.7% of NLOS signals were correctly discriminated.

scholarly journals Improvement of Anomalous Behavior Detection of GNSS Signal Based on TDNN for Augmentation Systems

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daehee Kim ◽  
Jeongho Cho
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Integrity Monitoring ◽  
Delayed Neural Networks ◽  
Stringent Performance ◽  
Integrity Assurance ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The reliability of a navigation system is crucial for navigation purposes, especially in areas where stringent performance is required, such as civil aviation or intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). Therefore, integrity monitoring is an inseparable part of safety-critical navigation applications. The receiver autonomous integrity monitor (RAIM) has been used with the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) to provide integrity monitoring within avionics itself, such as in civil aviation for lateral navigation (LNAV) or the non-precision approach (NPA). However, standard RAIM may not meet the stricter aviation availability and integrity requirements for certain operations, e.g., precision approach flight phases, and also is not sufficient for on-ground vehicle integrity monitoring of several specific ITS applications. One possible way to more clearly distinguish anomalies in observed GNSS signals is to take advantage of time-delayed neural networks (TDNNs) to estimate useful information about the faulty characteristics, rather than simply using RAIM alone. Based on the performance evaluation, it was determined that this method can reliably detect flaws in navigation satellites significantly faster than RAIM alone, and it was confirmed that TDNN-based integrity monitoring using RAIM is an encouraging alternative to improve the integrity assurance level of RAIM in terms of GNSS anomaly detection.

scholarly journals Multi-GNSS Combined Precise Point Positioning Using Additional Observations with Opposite Weight for Real-Time Quality Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenju Fu ◽  
Guanwen Huang ◽  
Yuanxi Zhang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Bobin Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Precise Point Positioning ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Point Positioning ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The emergence of multiple global navigation satellite systems (multi-GNSS), including global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), and Galileo, brings not only great opportunities for real-time precise point positioning (PPP), but also challenges in quality control because of inevitable data anomalies. This research aims at achieving the real-time quality control of the multi-GNSS combined PPP using additional observations with opposite weight. A robust multiple-system combined PPP estimation is developed to simultaneously process observations from all the four GNSS systems as well as single, dual, or triple systems. The experiment indicates that the proposed quality control can effectively eliminate the influence of outliers on the single GPS and the multiple-system combined PPP. The analysis on the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of the proposed robust PPP is conducted based on one week’s data from 32 globally distributed stations. The positioning root mean square (RMS) error of the quad-system combined PPP is 1.2 cm, 1.0 cm, and 3.0 cm in the east, north, and upward components, respectively, with the improvements of 62.5%, 63.0%, and 55.2% compared to those of single GPS. The average convergence time of the quad-system combined PPP in the horizontal and vertical components is 12.8 min and 12.2 min, respectively, while it is 26.5 min and 23.7 min when only using single-GPS PPP. The positioning performance of the GPS, GLONASS, and BDS (GRC) combination and the GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo (GRE) combination is comparable to the GPS, GLONASS, BDS and Galileo (GRCE) combination and it is better than that of the GPS, BDS, and Galileo (GCE) combination. Compared to GPS, the improvements of the positioning accuracy of the GPS and GLONASS (GR) combination, the GPS and Galileo (GE) combination, the GPS and BDS (GC) combination in the east component are 53.1%, 43.8%, and 40.6%, respectively, while they are 55.6%, 48.1%, and 40.7% in the north component, and 47.8%, 40.3%, and 34.3% in the upward component.

scholarly journals Investigating the Benefits of Vector-Based GNSS Receivers for Autonomous Vehicles under Challenging Navigation Environments

Signals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-137
Author(s):  
Haidy Y. F. Elghamrawy ◽  
Mohamed Tamazin ◽  
Aboelmagd Noureldin
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Velocity Estimation ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Gps Receivers ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Vector Tracking ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

There is a growing demand for robust and accurate positioning information for various applications, including the self-driving car industry. Such applications rely mainly on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), including the Global Positioning System (GPS). However, GPS positioning accuracy relies on several factors, such as satellite geometry, receiver architecture, and navigation environment, to name a few. In urban canyons in which there is a significant probability of signal blockage of one or more satellites and/or interference, the positioning accuracy of scalar-based GPS receivers drastically deteriorates. On the other hand, vector-based GPS receivers exhibit some immunity to momentary outages and interference. Therefore, it is becoming necessary to consider vector-based GPS receivers for several applications, especially safety-critical applications, including next-generation navigation technologies for autonomous vehicles. This paper investigates a vector-based receiver’s performance and compares it to its scalar counterpart in signal degraded conditions. The realistic simulation experiments in this paper are conducted on GPS L1 C/A signals generated using the SpirentTM simulation system to create a fully controlled environment to examine and validate the performance. The results show that the vector tracking system outperforms the scalar tracking in terms of position and velocity estimation accuracy in signal-degraded environments.

scholarly journals EGNOS Based APV Procedures Development Possibilities In The South-Eastern Part Of Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Z. Kaleta
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
System Integrity ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
First Time

AbstractOn 14th and 15th March 2011 for the first time approach with vertical guidance (APV-I) was conducted on Polish territory in Katowice, Kraków and Mielec. This was the milestone for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and Area Navigation (RNAV) use as a new instrument approach chance for NPA (Non-Precision Approach) and PA (Precision Approach) in Poland. The paper presents the experiment study of EGNOS SIS (Signal in Space) due to APV (Approach with Vertical Guidance) procedures development possibilities in the south-eastern part of Poland. Researches were conducted from January 2014 till June 2014 in three Polish cities: Warszawa, Kraków and Rzeszów. EGNOS as SBAS (Satellite Based Augmentation System) in according with ICAO's Annex 10 has to meet restrictive requirements for three dimensional accuracy, system integrity, availability and continuity of SIS. Because of ECAC (European Civil Aviation Conference) states to EGNOS coverage in the eastern part of Europe, location of mention above stations, shows real usefulness for SIS tests and evaluation of the results [EUROCONTROL, 2008].

Analysis of Deep Space Navigation Feasibility Based on Inter-Satellite Link Antenna of Satellite Navigation System

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 917-921
Author(s):  
Dong Hui Wang ◽  
Wen Xiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Geosynchronous Orbit ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Satellite Navigation System ◽  
Space Navigation ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Navigation Method

There is no effectual navigation method to deep space aerocraft until now. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a candidate. Its feasibility was analyzed according to the deep space geometry coverage characteristics. The antenna elevation was optimally designed to maximum the signal coverage performance in deep space. Simulation Results show that the best antenna elevation is 50-90 degrees. At the height of geosynchronous orbit, the average PDOP is 8.63, and at the height of lunar orbit, the positioning accuracy can only be achieved by km level.

A Precise Weighting Approach with Application to Combined L1/B1 GPS/BeiDou Positioning

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 911-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsheng Cai ◽  
Lin Pan ◽  
Yang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Time Window ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Beidou System ◽  
Component Estimation ◽  
Navigation Service ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The BeiDou system has been providing a regional navigation service since 27 December 2012. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) user community will benefit from combined Global Positioning System (GPS)/BeiDou positioning due to improved positioning accuracy, reliability and availability. But to achieve the best positioning solutions, precise weights of the GPS and BeiDou observations are important since this involves the processing of measurements from two different satellite systems with different quality. Currently, a priori variances are typically used to determine the weights of different types of observations. However, such an approach may not be precise since many un-modelled errors are not accounted for. The Helmert variance component estimation method is more appropriate in this case to determine the weights of GPS and BeiDou observations. This requires high redundant observations in order to obtain reliable solutions, which will be a concern in the case of insufficient numbers of visible satellites. To address this issue, a weighting approach is proposed by a combination of the Helmert method and a moving-window average filter. In this approach, the filter is applied to combine all epoch-by-epoch weight estimates within a time window. As a result, more precise and reliable weights for GPS and BeiDou observations can be obtained at every epoch. Both static and kinematic tests in open sky and under tree environments are conducted to assess the performance of the new weighting approach. The results indicate significantly improved positioning accuracy.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Steering Precision of a Hydrographic USV along Sounding Profiles Using a High-Precision GNSS RTK Receiver Supported Autopilot

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5637
Author(s):  
Łukasz Marchel ◽  
Cezary Specht ◽  
Mariusz Specht
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Path Following ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Magnetic Compass ◽  
Reference Station ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Unmanned Surface Vehicles ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV) are increasingly used to perform numerous tasks connected with measurements in inland waters and seas. One of such target applications is hydrography, where traditional (manned) bathymetric measurements are increasingly often realized by unmanned surface vehicles. This pertains especially to restricted or hardly navigable waters, in which execution of hydrographic surveys with the use of USVs requires precise maneuvering. Bathymetric measurements should be realized in a way that makes it possible to determine the waterbody’s depth as precisely as possible, and this requires high-precision in navigating along planned sounding profiles. This paper presents research that aimed to determine the accuracy of unmanned surface vehicle steering in autonomous mode (with a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller) along planned hydrographic profiles. During the measurements, a high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning system based on a GNSS reference station network (positioning accuracy: 1–2 cm, p = 0.95) and a magnetic compass with the stability of course maintenance of 1°–3° Root Mean Square (RMS) were used. For the purpose of evaluating the accuracy of the vessel’s path following along sounding profiles, the cross track error (XTE) measure, i.e., the distance between an USV’s position and the hydrographic profile, calculated transversely to the course, was proposed. The tests were compared with earlier measurements taken by other unmanned surface vehicles, which followed the exact same profiles with the use of much simpler and low-cost multi-GNSS receiver (positioning accuracy: 2–2.5 m or better, p = 0.50), supported with a Fluxgate magnetic compass with a high course measurement accuracy of 0.3° (p = 0.50 at 30 m/s). The research has shown that despite the considerable difference in the positioning accuracy of both devices and incomparably different costs of both solutions, the authors proved that the use of the GNSS RTK positioning system, as opposed to a multi-GNSS system supported with a Fluxgate magnetic compass, influences the precision of USV following sounding profiles to an insignificant extent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document