scholarly journals Screen-Printed Electrodes for the Voltammetric Sensing of Benzotriazoles in Water

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Muschietti ◽  
Núria Serrano ◽  
Cristina Ariño ◽  
M. Silvia Díaz-Cruz ◽  
José Manuel Díaz-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Screen Printed Electrodes ◽  
High Production Volume ◽  
Voltammetric Sensing ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
High Production ◽  
Screen Printed

Benzotriazoles (BZTs) are high production volume industrial chemicals that are used in various applications such as corrosion inhibitors, antifreeze agents, and UV radiation stabilizers. Given their potential ecotoxicological implications for different ecosystems and in human health, as well as their poor biodegradability, they are of increasing concern. In this study, a new voltammetric method using commercial screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) has been developed for the sensing of BZTs in water samples to help in their environmental monitoring. To this end, different types of SPEs based on carbon nanoallotropes and copper were tested under several experimental conditions to determine the two BZTs most frequently detected in the environment: 1H-benzotriazole (BZT) and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (Me-BZT, tolyltriazole) as model compounds for BZTs. Carbon nanofibers electrodes exhibited the best performance, allowing detection limits as low as 0.4 mg L−1 for both BZTs, with repeatability and reproducibility of ca. 5%. The applicability of the method was tested through the determination of BZT in spiked drinking water samples, suggesting its suitability for the sensing of samples heavily polluted with BZTs.

High Resolution Gas Chromatography of Chlorinated Benzenes

1983 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-683
Author(s):  
Lee J Miller ◽  
Terryl J Farrell ◽  
Bart J Puma
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Odor Control ◽  
Chlorinated Benzenes ◽  
High Production Volume ◽  
High Resolution Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Production

Abstract Chlorinated benzenes have been found as contaminants in foods and water. These high production volume chemicals may enter the environment and food chain through improper waste disposal, use as solvents and odor control agents, or as impurities in other industrial chemicals. Because of differences in the electron capture responses of the isomers at each chlorination level, residue quantitation requires the separation of all 12 chlorobenzenes. Resolution studies were made on packed and capillary columns coated with Kovats’ C87H176 hydrocarbon, OV-101, OV-210, OV-17, and Carbowax 20M. Satisfactory resolution of all 12 chlorobenzenes was obtained with a Carbowax 20M-coated 20 m × 0.25 mm id capillary column operated isothermally at 120°C.

scholarly journals Estimating the Impact of High-Production-Volume Chemicals on Remote Ecosystems by Toxic Pressure Calculation

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasper V. Harbers ◽  
Mark A. J. Huijbregts ◽  
Leo Posthuma ◽  
Dik van de Meent
Keyword(s):  
Production Volume ◽  
High Production Volume ◽  
Pressure Calculation ◽  
High Production ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Animal Use and Lessons Learned in the U.S. High Production Volume Chemicals Challenge Program

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (12) ◽  
pp. 1631-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Bishop ◽  
Joseph R. Manuppello ◽  
Catherine E. Willett ◽  
Jessica T. Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
High Production Volume ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
High Production ◽  
The U.S

The High Production Volume Challenge Program

2006 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Richard Hefter ◽  
Barbara Leczynski ◽  
Charles Auer
Keyword(s):  
Production Volume ◽  
High Production Volume ◽  
High Production ◽  
Volume Challenge

Integrating Impedance Control and Learning Based Search Scheme for Robotic Assemblies Under Uncertainty

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi K. Malhan ◽  
Yash Shahapurkar ◽  
Ariyan M. Kabir ◽  
Brual Shah ◽  
Satyandra K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Impedance Control ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Robotic Arms ◽  
High Production Volume ◽  
High Production ◽  
Assembly Operations ◽  
Assembly Tasks

Using fixtures for assembly operations is a common practice in manufacturing processes with high production volume. For automated assembly cells using robotic arms, trajectories are programmed manually and robots follow the same path repeatedly. It is not economically feasible to build fixed fixtures for small volume productions as they require high accuracy and are part specific. Moreover, hand coding robot trajectories is a time consuming task. The uncertainties in part localization and inaccuracy in robot motions make it challenging to automate the task of assembling two parts with tight tolerances. Researchers in past have developed methods for automating the assembly task using contact-based search schemes and impedance control-based trajectory execution. Both of these approaches may lead to undesired collision with critical features on the parts. Our method guarantees safety for parts with delicate features during the assembly process. Our approach enables us to select optimum impedance control parameters and utilizes a learning-based search strategy to complete assembly tasks under uncertainties in bounded time. Our approach was tested on an assembly of two rectangular workpieces using KUKA IIWA 7 manipulator. The method we propose was able to successfully select the optimal control parameters. The learning-based search strategy successfully estimated the uncertainty in pose of parts and converged in few iterations.

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