scholarly journals A Novel Experiment-Free Site-Specific TDoA Localization Performance-Evaluation Approach

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Xiaokang Ye ◽  
José Rodríguez-Piñeiro ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Xuefeng Yin ◽  
Antonio Pérez Yuste
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Impulse Responses ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Localization Errors ◽  
Localization Performance ◽  
Transmitted Signal ◽  
Evaluation Approaches ◽  
Localization Systems

Time difference of arrival (TDoA) technology is widely utilized for source localization, which stimulates many studies on performance-evaluation approaches for TDoA localization systems. Some approaches using simulations are designed merely for a simple Line-of-Sight (LoS) scenario while some other ones using experiments show high cost and inefficiency. This paper proposes an integrated approach to evaluate a TDoA localization system in an area with a complicated environment. Radio propagation graph is applied through a simulation to obtain channel impulse responses (CIRs) between a source to be located and the TDoA sensors for the area. Realistic signals received by the sensors in baseband are emulated combining the source transmitted signal and the CIRs. A hardware unit takes charge of sending the radio emulated received signals to the system under test, which is consistent with real experimental measurements. Statistical analysis of the system is allowed based on localization errors obtained comparing the system’s estimates with the ground truth of the source location. Verified results for LoS and non-LoS scenarios with variable transmitted signal bandwidths and signal-to-noise ratios, as well as for three variations of the sensor locations in an automobile circuit, show the usability of the proposed experiment-free performance-evaluation approach.

scholarly journals Descriptive Review of Energy Performance Evaluation Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siva Jaganathan ◽  
Abdul Hakim Mohammed ◽  
Mohd Shahril Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Design Life ◽  
Performances Evaluation ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Evaluation Approaches

This study address energy performance evaluation uncertainities in design. To achieve energy efficiency in building, designer should incorporate energy performance evaluation approach to foresight energy performance failure during design. The research has  evaluated and compares the capabilities of energy performances evaluation approaches namely computational fluid dynamic approach, optimization algorithm, and coupled approach. Furthermore, descriptive review unveils the practical obstacles and challenges designers encounter during design life cycle and proposes future direction to mitigate inundated energy performance gap.

scholarly journals Representative Transmission Coefficient for Evaluating the Wave Attenuation Performance of 3D Floating Breakwaters in Regular and Irregular Waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Huu Phu Nguyen ◽  
Jeong Cheol Park ◽  
Mengmeng Han ◽  
Chien Ming Wang ◽  
Nagi Abdussamie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Coefficient ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Wave Attenuation ◽  
Transmitted Wave ◽  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Hydrodynamic Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Floating Breakwater ◽  
Floating Breakwaters ◽  
Evaluation Approaches

Wave attenuation performance is the prime consideration when designing any floating breakwater. For a 2D hydrodynamic analysis of a floating breakwater, the wave attenuation performance is evaluated by the transmission coefficient, which is defined as the ratio between the transmitted wave height and the incident wave height. For a 3D breakwater, some researchers still adopted this evaluation approach with the transmitted wave height taken at a surface point, while others used the mean transmission coefficient within a surface area. This paper aims to first examine the rationality of these two evaluation approaches via verified numerical simulations of 3D heave-only floating breakwaters in regular and irregular waves. A new index—a representative transmission coefficient—is then presented for one to easily compare the wave attenuation performances of different 3D floating breakwater designs.

scholarly journals The contribution of realist evaluation to critical analysis of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education competitions

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Brentnall ◽  
Iván Diego Rodríguez ◽  
Nigel Culkin
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Realist Evaluation ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Scientific Evaluation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Evaluation Approaches

The purpose of this article is to explore the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education (EE) programmes through the lens of realist evaluation (RE). The interest of the authoring team – a practitioner–academic mix with professional experience including developing EE in primary and secondary schools – lies with EE competitions, a type of intervention recommended for and delivered to students and pupils of all ages. RE is a theory-driven philosophy, methodology and adaptable logic of enquiry with which to conceptualize and analyse such programmes. In this study, we undertake an act of ‘organized scepticism’, as described by evidenced-based policy academic Ray Pawson, to identify and question the declared outcomes of EE competitions in European policy over a 10-year period. However, our contribution goes beyond the application of an evaluation approach, novel to EE. We argue that, while education generally, and EE specifically, appears committed to emulating ‘gold standard’ scientific evaluation approaches (e.g. randomized controlled trials, systematic review and meta-analysis), the field of evidenced-based policymaking has moved on. Now, alternative methodological strategies are being embraced and RE in particular has evolved as an approach which better aligns knowledge production with the reality of complex, socially contingent programmes. By using this approach, we not only establish that education and psychology theories challenge the outcomes of EE competitions declared in policy, but also demonstrate the wider relevance of RE to the appraisal and refinement of the theorizing and practice of entrepreneurship programmes and interventions.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Ground AR Anchor with WebXR Device API

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7877
Author(s):  
Daehyeon Lee ◽  
Woosung Shim ◽  
Munyong Lee ◽  
Seunghyun Lee ◽  
Kye-Dong Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Difference Image ◽  
Match Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Web

Recently, the development of 3D graphics technology has led to various technologies being combined with reality, where a new reality is defined or studied; they are typically named by combining the name of the technology with “reality”. Representative “reality” includes Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Mixed Reality, and eXtended Reality (XR). In particular, research on XR in the web environment is actively being conducted. The Web eXtended Reality Device Application Programming Interface (WebXR Device API), released in 2018, allows instant deployment of XR services to any XR platform requiring only an active web browser. However, the currently released tentative version has poor stability. Therefore, in this study, the performance evaluation of WebXR Device API is performed using three experiments. A camera trajectory experiment is analyzed using ground truth, we checked the standard deviation between the ground truth and WebXR for the X, Y, and Z axes. The difference image experiment is conducted for the front, left, and right directions, which resulted in a visible difference image for each image of ground truth and WebXR, small mean absolute error, and high match rate. In the experiment for measuring the 3D rendering speed, a frame rate similar to that of real-time is obtained.

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