scholarly journals Investigation of an Ultra Wideband Noise Sensor for Health Monitoring

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1034
Author(s):  
Xuezhi Zeng ◽  
Joakim Robakowski ◽  
Mikael Persson ◽  
Albert Monteith ◽  
Andreas Fhager
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Wideband Noise ◽  
Heartbeat Rate ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Monitoring Devices

Quick on-scene assessment and early intervention is the key to reduce the mortality of stroke and trauma patients, and it is highly desirable to develop ambulance-based diagnostic and monitoring devices in order to provide additional support to the medical personnel. We developed a compact and low cost ultra wideband noise sensor for medical diagnostics and vital sign monitoring in pre-hospital settings. In this work, we demonstrated the functionality of the sensor for respiration and heartbeat monitoring. In the test, metronome was used to manipulate the breathing pattern and the heartbeat rate reference was obtained with a commercial electrocardiogram (ECG) device. With seventeen tests performed for respiration rate detection, sixteen of them were successfully detected. The results also show that it is possible to detect the heartbeat rate accurately with the developed sensor.

scholarly journals A Low-cost, Low-energy Wearable ECG System with Cloud-Based Arrhythmia Detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Huda ◽  
Sadia Khan ◽  
Ragib Abid ◽  
Samiul Based Shuvo ◽  
Mir Maheen Labib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Smart Device ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Arrhythmia Detection ◽  
Analog Front End ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Monitoring Devices

Continuously monitoring the Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential tool for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) patients. In low-resource countries, the hospitals and health centers do not have adequate ECG systems, and this unavailability exacerbates the patients' health condition. Lack of skilled physicians, limited availability of continuous ECG monitoring devices, and their high prices, all lead to a higher CVD burden in the developing countries. To address these challenges, we present a low-cost, low-power, and wireless ECG monitoring system with deep learning-based automatic arrhythmia detection. Flexible fabric-based design and the wearable nature of the device enhances the patient's comfort while facilitating continuous monitoring. An AD8232 chip is used for the ECG Analog Front-End (AFE) with two 450 mi-Ah Li-ion batteries for powering the device. The acquired ECG signal can be transmitted to a smart-device over Bluetooth and subsequently sent to a cloud server for analysis. A 1-D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based deep learning model is developed that provides an accuracy of 94.03% in classifying abnormal cardiac rhythm on the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database.

scholarly journals Real-Time Monitoring of Driver’s Biometrics to Prevent Multi-Vehicle Chain Collisions Caused by Impending Medical Emergencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.6) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
K V.N. Kavitha ◽  
Kanishak Kesarwani ◽  
S M. Pranav ◽  
Tanish Noah
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Smart Healthcare ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Medical Emergencies ◽  
Healthcare Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Devices

Smart healthcare systems are essentially going to become an inevitable part of our day to day activities. Sophisticated health monitoring devices will be used to provide a safer and less accident-prone society. Their use in active accident mitigation and management will extend, in the coming years, to not only our home atmosphere but will also include manufacturing, transportation, work-place and agricultural milieu. As a matter of fact, real time healthcare monitors have been introduced in some high-end, expensive luxury cars such as Mercedes-Benz and Tesla. The design proposed is a low-cost and affordable, continuous healthcare monitoring system which aims to extend the use Internet of Things (IoT) to vehicular systems. It is designed to detect anomalies in the driver’s health conditions and take preventive actions to prevent road accidents. These actions include steadily reducing the vehicle’s speed and ultimately stopping it. Simultaneously, an alarm or warning is relayed to the nearby vehicles of the impending emergency that has occurred, thus cautioning them of a possible accident. An emergency message is spontaneously relayed to the concerned medical personnel and to the emergency contacts–relatives of the driver. 

scholarly journals Design and Development of a Low Cost, Non-Contact Infrared Thermometer with Range Compensation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3817
Author(s):  
Nicholas Wei-Jie Goh ◽  
Jun-Jie Poh ◽  
Joshua Yi Yeo ◽  
Benjamin Jun-Jie Aw ◽  
Szu Cheng Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensors ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Compensation Methods ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
Distance Correction

Fever is a common symptom of many infections, e.g., in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, keeping monitoring devices such as thermometers in constant demand. Recent technological advancements have made infrared (IR) thermometers the choice for contactless screening of multiple individuals. Yet, even so, the measurement accuracy of such thermometers is affected by many factors including the distance from the volunteers’ forehead, impurities (such as sweat), and the location measured on the volunteers’ forehead. To overcome these factors, we describe the assembly of an Arduino-based digital IR thermometer with distance correction using the MLX90614 IR thermometer and HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors. Coupled with some analysis of these factors, we also found ways to programme compensation methods for the final assembled digital IR thermometer to provide more accurate readings and measurements.

scholarly journals A Local Oscillator Phase Compensation Technique for Ultra-Wideband Stepped-Frequency Continuous Wave Radar Based on a Low-Cost Software-Defined Radio

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Kazunori Takahashi ◽  
Takashi Miwa
Keyword(s):  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Local Oscillator ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Stepped Frequency

The paper discusses a way to configure a stepped-frequency continuous wave (SFCW) radar using a low-cost software-defined radio (SDR). The most of high-end SDRs offer multiple transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) channels, one of which can be used as the reference channel for compensating the initial phases of TX and RX local oscillator (LO) signals. It is same as how commercial vector network analyzers (VNAs) compensate for the LO initial phase. These SDRs can thus acquire phase-coherent in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) data without additional components and an SFCW radar can be easily configured. On the other hand, low-cost SDRs typically have only one transmitter and receiver. Therefore, the LO initial phase has to be compensated and the phases of the received I/Q signals have to be retrieved, preferably without employing an additional receiver and components to retain the system low-cost and simple. The present paper illustrates that the difference between the phases of TX and RX LO signals varies when the LO frequency is changed because of the timing of the commencement of the mixing. The paper then proposes a technique to compensate for the LO initial phases using the internal RF loopback of the transceiver chip and to reconstruct a pulse, which requires two streaming: one for the device under test (DUT) channel and the other for the internal RF loopback channel. The effect of the LO initial phase and the proposed method for the compensation are demonstrated by experiments at a single frequency and sweeping frequency, respectively. The results show that the proposed method can compensate for the LO initial phases and ultra-wideband (UWB) pulses can be reconstructed correctly from the data sampled by a low-cost SDR.

Constructing Floor Plan through Smoke Using Ultra Wideband Radar

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Weiyan Chen ◽  
Fusang Zhang ◽  
Tao Gu ◽  
Kexing Zhou ◽  
Zixuan Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Indoor Navigation ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Floor Plan ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Median Error ◽  
Indoor Scenarios

Floor plan construction has been one of the key techniques in many important applications such as indoor navigation, location-based services, and emergency rescue. Existing floor plan construction methods require expensive dedicated hardware (e.g., Lidar or depth camera), and may not work in low-visibility environments (e.g., smoke, fog or dust). In this paper, we develop a low-cost Ultra Wideband (UWB)-based system (named UWBMap) that is mounted on a mobile robot platform to construct floor plan through smoke. UWBMap leverages on low-cost and off-the-shelf UWB radar, and it is able to construct an indoor map with an accuracy comparable to Lidar (i.e., the state-of-the-art). The underpinning technique is to take advantage of the mobility of radar to form virtual antennas and gather spatial information of a target. UWBMap also eliminates both robot motion noise and environmental noise to enhance weak reflection from small objects for the robust construction process. In addition, we overcome the limited view of single radar by combining multi-view from multiple radars. Extensive experiments in different indoor environments show that UWBMap achieves a map construction with a median error of 11 cm and a 90-percentile error of 26 cm, and it operates effectively in indoor scenarios with glass wall and dense smoke.

scholarly journals A high performance ultra-wideband low cost SMA-to-GCPW transition

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 20160290-20160290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Xu ◽  
Zhengpeng Wang ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Jianhua Wu
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ultra Wideband

scholarly journals Indoor Positioning Method Based on Infrared Vision and UWB Fusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2078 (1) ◽  
pp. 012070
Author(s):  
Qianrong Zhang ◽  
Yi Li
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Indoor Localization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Mobile Vehicle ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Positioning Algorithm ◽  
Infrared Vision

Abstract Ultra-wideband (UWB) has broad application prospects in the field of indoor localization. In order to make up for the shortcomings of ultra-wideband that is easily affected by the environment, a positioning method based on the fusion of infrared vision and ultra-wideband is proposed. Infrared vision assists locating by identifying artificial landmarks attached to the ceiling. UWB uses an adaptive weight positioning algorithm to improve the positioning accuracy of the edge of the UWB positioning coverage area. Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used to fuse the real-time location information of the two. Finally, the intelligent mobile vehicle-mounted platform is used to collect infrared images and UWB ranging information in the indoor environment to verify the fusion method. Experimental results show that the fusion positioning method is better than any positioning method, has the advantages of low cost, real-time performance, and robustness, and can achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy.

scholarly journals Open Source Completely 3-D Printable Centrifuge

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salil S. Sule ◽  
Aliaksei L. Petsiuk ◽  
Joshua M. Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Web Camera ◽  
Relative Centrifugal Force ◽  
Recycled Plastics ◽  
Human Powered ◽  
Open Source Systems

Centrifuges are commonly required devices in medical diagnostics facilities as well as scientific laboratories. Although there are commercial and open source centrifuges, costs of the former and required electricity to operate the latter, limit accessibility in resource-constrained settings. There is a need for low-cost, human-powered, verified and reliable lab-scale centrifuge. This study provides the designs for a low-cost 100% 3-D printed centrifuge, which can be fabricated on any low-cost RepRap-class fused filament fabrication (FFF) or fused particle fabrication (FPF)-based 3-D printer. In addition, validation procedures are provided using a web camera and free and open source software. This paper provides the complete open source plans including instructions for fabrication and operation for a hand-powered centrifuge. This study successfully tested and validated the instrument, which can be operated anywhere in the world with no electricity inputs obtaining a radial velocity of over 1750rpm and over 50N of relative centrifugal force. Using commercial filament the instrument costs about US$25, which is less than half of all commercially available systems; however, the costs can be dropped further using recycled plastics on open source systems for over 99% savings. The results are discussed in the contexts of resource-constrained medical and scientific facilities.

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