scholarly journals DCN-MAC: A Dynamic Channel Negotiation MAC Mechanism for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
Yishan Su ◽  
Lijie Dong ◽  
Qiuling Yang
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Media Access Control ◽  
Acoustic Sensor ◽  
Network Access ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Temporal Uncertainty ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Dynamic Channel

In the design of media access control (MAC) mechanism in underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs), due to the propagation characteristic of low-speed underwater acoustic signals, it is necessary to solve the spatial–temporal uncertainty problem. In order to avoid the multi-user access conflict in underwater networks, reduce the energy cost and improve the throughput and fairness across the network, a dynamic channel negotiation MAC mechanism based on spatial–temporal mapping of receiving queue (DCN-MAC) was proposed. DCN-MAC uses a duty cycle mechanism and implements a network management based on dynamic single node wake-up. The awakening node collects the request to send (RTS) and network status information in the network to solve the problem of space-temporal uncertainty and the highly dynamic needs of network access nodes and access services. The simulation results show that in different network scenarios, especially in those featuring high density and heavy network load, compared with the traditional underwater acoustic network MAC protocols, this protocol can effectively improve the network throughput and reduce the packet loss probability caused by multi-node conflict.

scholarly journals DAMAC: A Delay-Aware MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5229
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al Al Guqhaiman ◽  
Oluwatobi Akanbi ◽  
Amer Aljaedi ◽  
Adel R. Alharbi ◽  
C. Edward Chow
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Media Access Control ◽  
Acoustic Sensor ◽  
Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Underwater Acoustic ◽  
Acoustic Sensor Networks

In a channel shared by several nodes, the scheduling algorithm is a key factor to avoiding collisions in the random access-based approach. Commonly, scheduling algorithms can be used to enhance network performance to meet certain requirements. Therefore, in this paper we propose a Delay-Aware Media Access Control (DAMAC) protocol for monitoring time-sensitive applications over multi-hop in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UASNs), which relies on the random access-based approach where each node uses Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) to determine channel status, switches nodes on and off to conserve energy, and allows concurrent transmissions to improve the underwater communication in the UASNs. In addition, DAMAC does not require any handshaking packets prior to data transmission, which helps to improve network performance in several metrics. The proposed protocol considers the long propagation delay to allow concurrent transmissions, meaning nodes are scheduled to transmit their data packets concurrently to exploit the long propagation delay between underwater nodes. The simulation results show that DAMAC protocol outperforms Aloha, BroadcastMAC, RMAC, Tu-MAC, and OPMAC protocols under varying network loads in terms of energy efficiency, communication overhead, and fairness of the network by up to 65%, 45%, and 726%, respectively.

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