scholarly journals A Quantitative Ultrasonic Travel-Time Tomography to Investigate Liquid Elaborations in Industrial Processes

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Koulountzios ◽  
Tomasz Rymarczyk ◽  
Manuchehr Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Sound Velocity ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Liquid Density ◽  
Ultrasound Tomography ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Fluid Mass ◽  
Travel Time Tomography

This work presents an ultrasound tomography imaging system and method for quantitative mapping of the sound speed in liquid masses. It is highly desirable to be able to inspect vessel fluid mass distribution, notably in the chemical and food industrial operations. Optimization of industrial reactors has been crucial to the improvement of industrial processes. There is a great need to investigate how and if tomographic imaging sensors could aid the automatic control of these process tanks. Single-measurement ultrasound techniques and especially spectrometric methods have been a subject of study of industrial applications. Tomographic systems provide key multi-dimensional and spatial information when compared to the well-established single-channel measurement system. Recently, ultrasound tomography has attracted a great deal of interest in a wide spectrum of industrial applications. The system has been designed as 32 piezoelectric ring-array positioned in a 30 cm tank, with an excitation frequency of 40 kHz. Two-dimensional transmission travel-time tomography was developed to reconstruct the fluid mass distributions. Prior experiments are mainly based on inclusions of a few centimetres and on a liquid solution of different concentrations. They have been conducted to test the spatial and quantitative resolution of the ultrasound imaging device. Analysing the reconstructed images, it is possible to provide accurate spatial resolution with low position errors. The system also demonstrated inclusion movement with a temporal resolution of 4 frames per second (fps) in dynamical imaging sense. Sound velocity quantitative imaging was developed for the investigation of ultrasonic propagation in different liquids. This work, for the first time, shows how quantitative sound velocity imaging using transmission mode time of flight data could be used to characterize liquid density distribution of industrial reactors. The results suggest that ultrasound tomography can be used to quantitatively monitor important process parameters.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Computed Tomography for Investigation of Batch Crystallisation Processes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 639
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Koulountzios ◽  
Tomasz Rymarczyk ◽  
Manuchehr Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Ultrasound Tomography ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Process Dynamics ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Ultrasonic Time ◽  
Crystallisation Process ◽  
Liquid Suspensions

Crystallisation is a crucial step in many industrial processes. Many sensors are being investigated for monitoring such processes to enhance the efficiency of them. Ultrasound techniques have been used for particle sizing characterization of liquid suspensions, in crystallisation process. An ultrasound tomography system with an array of ultrasound sensors can provide spatial information inside the process when compared to single-measurement systems. In this study, the batch crystallisation experiments have been conducted in a lab-scale reactor in calcium carbonate crystallisation. Real-time ultrasound tomographic imaging is done via a contactless ultrasound tomography sensor array. The effect of the injection rate and the stirring speed was considered as two control parameters in these crystallisation functions. Transmission mode ultrasound tomography comprises 32 piezoelectric transducers with central frequency of 40 kHz has been used. The process-based experimental investigation shows the capability of the proposed ultrasound tomography system for crystallisation process monitoring. Information on process dynamics, as well as process malfunction, can be obtained via the ultrasound tomography system.

Three-Dimensional Acoustic Travel-Time Tomography of the Atmosphere

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Vecherin ◽  
Vladimir E. Ostashev ◽  
Keith D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Travel Time Tomography ◽  
Acoustic Travel Time

scholarly journals Screening For Yeast Phytase Leads to the Identification of a New Cell-Bound and Secreted Activity in Cyberlindnera jadinii CJ2

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Capusoni ◽  
Immacolata Serra ◽  
Silvia Donzella ◽  
Concetta Compagno
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Convenient Method ◽  
Kluyveromyces Marxianus ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Initial Screening

Phytic acid is an anti-nutritional compound able to chelate proteins and ions. For this reason, the food industry is looking for a convenient method which allows its degradation. Phytases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the degradation of phytic acid and are used as additives in feed-related industrial processes. Due to their industrial importance, our goal was to identify new activities that exhibit best performances in terms of tolerance to high temperature and acidic pH. As a result of an initial screening on 21 yeast species, we focused our attention on phytases found in Cyberlindnera jadinii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and Torulaspora delbrueckeii. In particular, C. jadinii showed the highest secreted and cell-bound activity, with optimum of temperature and pH at 50°C and 4.5, respectively. These characteristics suggest that this enzyme could be successfully used for feed as well as for food-related industrial applications.

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