scholarly journals A Sensor for Spirometric Feedback in Ventilation Maneuvers during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Rocha Vieira Leocádio ◽  
Alan Kardek Rêgo Segundo ◽  
Cibelle Ferreira Louzada
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Human Respiration ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Ventilation Performance ◽  
Cpr Training

This work proposes adapting an existing sensor and embedding it on mannequins used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training to accurately measure the amount of air supplied to the lungs during ventilation. Mathematical modeling, calibration, and validation of the sensor along with metrology, statistical inference, and spirometry techniques were used as a base for aquiring scientific knowledge of the system. The system directly measures the variable of interest (air volume) and refers to spirometric techniques in the elaboration of its model. This improves the realism of the dummies during the CPR training, because it estimates, in real-time, not only the volume of air entering in the lungs but also the Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume (FEVt) and Medium Forced Expiratory Flow (FEF20–75%). The validation of the sensor achieved results that address the requirements for this application, that is, the error below 3.4% of full scale. During the spirometric tests, the system presented the measurement results of (305 ± 22, 450 ± 23, 603 ± 24, 751 ± 26, 922 ± 27, 1021 ± 30, 1182 ± 33, 1326 ± 36, 1476 ± 37, 1618 ± 45 and 1786 ± 56) × 10−6 m3 for reference values of (300, 450, 600, 750, 900, 1050, 1200, 1350, 1500, 1650 and 1800) × 10−6 m3, respectively. Therefore, considering the spirometry and pressure boundary conditions of the manikin lungs, the system achieves the objective of simulating valid spirometric data for debriefings, that is, there is an agreement between the measurement results when compared to the signal generated by a commercial spirometer (Koko brand). The main advantages that this work presents in relation to the sensors commonly used for this purpose are: (i) the reduced cost, which makes it possible, for the first time, to use a respiratory volume sensor in medical simulators or training dummies; (ii) the direct measurement of air entering the lung using a noninvasive method, which makes it possible to use spirometry parameters to characterize simulated human respiration during the CPR training; and (iii) the measurement of spirometric parameters (FVC, FEVt, and FEF20–75%), in real-time, during the CPR training, to achieve optimal ventilation performance. Therefore, the system developed in this work addresses the minimum requirements for the practice of ventilation in the CPR maneuvers and has great potential in several future applications.

scholarly journals Public Opinion on Community Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: a Survey of Inhabitants of the Crimean Peninsula

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Birkun ◽  
Y. A. Kosova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Background.The chances of fatal outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are exceeding 90%. However, the early initiation of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) substantially improves the probability of survival. The study was aimed to determine the extent of community CPR training, level of CPR knowledge, willingness and motivation to learn CPR among the population of the Crimea.Materials and methods.The representative sample of adult residents of the Crimean Peninsula (n=384) has been surveyed by means of individual structured interview from November 2017 to January 2018. The results were analyzed with social statistics.Results.According to the survey, 53% of respondents were previously trained in CPR. The training was performed mainly (82%) at work, school, college/technical school or university, or when acquiring a driver's license. The majority of females, people over 60, unemployed and retired, widowed and those with monthly income lower than 20,000 roubles are not trained. Of previously trained, 44% respondents attended a single CPR course, 72% were trained more than one year ago, 47% of participants had no previous training in CPR, mostly never thinking about the need to go for training. Being dependent from previous CPR training, the knowledge of CPR is generally poor: the proportions of correct answering as of the proper location and rate of chest compressions were 46% and 4%, respectively. Among the respondents, 56% expressed their willingness to attend CPR training. The main motivating factors to attend CPR training were awareness of importance of CPR training, potential health problems in relatives/friends and free-of-charge training.Conclusion.The Crimean population is insufficiently and non-uniformly trained in CPR, has limited knowledge of CPR and low motivation to learn. In order to increase the commitment of the community to provide first aid in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, mass CPR training programs should be implemented with active involvement of the least trained and motivated social strata.

Incorporating cardiopulmonary resuscitation training into a cardiac rehabilitation programme: A feasibility study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susie Cartledge ◽  
Judith Finn ◽  
Janet E Bray ◽  
Rosalind Case ◽  
Lauren Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Self Instruction ◽  
Cpr Training

Background: Patients with a cardiac history are at future risk of cardiac events, including out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Targeting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training to family members of cardiac patients has long been advocated, but is an area in need of contemporary research evidence. An environment yet to be investigated for targeted training is cardiac rehabilitation. Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of providing CPR training in a cardiac rehabilitation programme among patients, their family members and staff. Methods: A prospective before and after study design was used. CPR training was delivered using video self-instruction CPR training kits, facilitated by a cardiac nurse. Data was collected pre-training, post-training and at one month. Results: Cardiac patient participation rates in CPR classes were high ( n = 56, 72.7% of eligible patients) with a further 27 family members attending training. Patients were predominantly male (60.2%), family members were predominantly female (81.5%), both with a mean age of 65 years. Confidence to perform CPR and willingness to use skills significantly increased post-training (both p<0.001). Post training participants demonstrated a mean compression rate of 112 beats/min and a mean depth of 48 mm. Training reach was doubled as participants shared the video self-instruction kit with a further 87 people. Patients, family members and cardiac rehabilitation staff had positive feedback about the training. Conclusions: We demonstrated that cardiac rehabilitation is an effective and feasible environment to provide CPR training. Using video self-instruction CPR training kits enabled further training reach to the target population.

scholarly journals Effect of real-time feedback during cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on quality of performances: A prospective cluster-randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
So Yeon Joyce Kong ◽  
Kyoung Jun Song ◽  
Sang Do Shin ◽  
Young Sun Ro ◽  
Helge Myklebust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Objective Feedback ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Background: The evidence supporting delivery of quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is growing and significant attention has been focused on improving bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation education for laypeople. The aim of this randomized trial was to assess the effectiveness of instructor’s real-time objective feedback during cardiopulmonary resuscitation training compared to conventional feedback in terms of trainee’s cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality. Methods: We performed a cluster-randomized trial of community cardiopulmonary resuscitation training classes at Nowon District Health Community Center in Seoul. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation training classes were randomized into either intervention (instructor’s objective real-time feedback based on the QCPR Classroom device) or control (conventional, instructor’s judgment-based feedback) group. The primary outcome was total cardiopulmonary resuscitation score, which is an overall measure of chest compression quality. Secondary outcomes were individual cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance parameters, including compression rate, depth, and release. Generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the outcome data, accounting for both random and fixed effects. Results: A total of 149 training sessions (2613 trainees) were randomized into 70 intervention (1262 trainees) and 79 control (1351 trainees) groups. Trainees in the QCPR feedback group significantly increased overall cardiopulmonary resuscitation score performance compared with those in the conventional feedback group (model-based mean Δ increment from baseline to session 5: 11.2 (95% confidence interval 9.2–13.2) and 8.0 (6.0–9.9), respectively; p = 0.02). Individual parameters of compression depth and release also showed higher improvement among trainees in QCPR group with positive trends (p < 0.08 for both). Conclusion: This randomized trial suggests beneficial effect of instructor’s real-time objective feedback on the quality of layperson’s cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance.

European cardiovascular nurses’ and allied professionals’ knowledge and practical skills regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond R Pettersen ◽  
Jan Mårtensson ◽  
Åsa Axelsson ◽  
Marianne Jørgensen ◽  
Anna Strömberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Common Error ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Cardiovascular Nursing

Purpose: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remains a cornerstone in the treatment of cardiac arrest, and is directly linked to survival rates. Nurses are often first responders and need to be skilled in the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. As cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills deteriorate rapidly, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was an association between participants’ cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and their practical cardiopulmonary resuscitation test results. Methods: This comparative study was conducted at the 2014 EuroHeartCare meeting in Stavanger ( n=133) and the 2008 Spring Meeting on Cardiovascular Nursing in Malmö ( n=85). Participants performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation for three consecutive minutes CPR training manikins from Laerdal Medical®. Data were collected with a questionnaire on demographics and participants’ level of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. Results: Most participants were female (78%) nurses (91%) from Nordic countries (77%), whose main role was in nursing practice (63%), and 71% had more than 11 years’ experience ( n=218). Participants who conducted cardiopulmonary resuscitation training once a year or more ( n=154) performed better regarding ventilation volume than those who trained less (859 ml vs. 1111 ml, p=0.002). Those who had cardiopulmonary resuscitation training offered at their workplace ( n=161) also performed better regarding ventilation volume (889 ml vs. 1081 ml, p=0.003) and compression rate per minute (100 vs. 91, p=0.04) than those who had not. Conclusion: Our study indicates a positive association between participants’ performance on the practical cardiopulmonary resuscitation test and the frequency of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and whether cardiopulmonary resuscitation training was offered in the workplace. Large ventilation volumes were the most common error at both measuring points.

scholarly journals RELIVE Tracking for quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: An experimental comparison with a standard CPR training mannequin

Resuscitation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. e1-e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Loconsole ◽  
Antonio Frisoli ◽  
Nicola Mastronicola ◽  
Fabio Stroppa ◽  
Giuseppe Ristagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Cpr Training

scholarly journals The Effect of ten-minute dispatch-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: a randomized simulation pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetada Fukushima ◽  
Hideki Asai ◽  
Tadahiko Seki ◽  
Keisuke Takano ◽  
Francesco Bolstad
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Modest Improvement ◽  
Group Standard ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Cpr Training

Abstract Background Immediate bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential for survival from sudden cardiac arrest (CA). Current CPR guidelines recommend that dispatchers assist lay rescuers performing CPR (dispatch-assisted CPR: DACPR), which can double the frequency of bystander CPR. Laypersons, however, are not familiar with receiving CPR instructions from dispatchers. DACPR training can be beneficial for lay rescuers, but this has not yet been validated. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of simple DACPR training for lay rescuers. Methods We conducted a DACPR simulation pilot study. Participants who were non-health-care professionals with no CPR training within 1 year prior to this study were recruited from Nara Medical University hospital. The participants were randomly assigned to one of two 90-minute adult basic life support (BLS) training course groups : DACPR Group (standard adult BLS training plus an additional 10-minute DACPR training) or Standard Group (standard adult BLS training only). In DACPR Group, participants practiced DACPR through role-playing of a dispatcher and an emergency caller. Six months after the training, all subjects were asked to perform a 2-minute CPR simulation under instructions given by off-duty dispatchers. Results Out of the 66 participants, 59 completed the simulation (30 from the DACPR Group and 29 from the Standard Group). The CPR quality was similar between the two groups. However, the median time interval between call receipt and the first dispatch-assisted compression was faster in the DACPR group (108 s vs. 129 s, p = 0.042). Conclusions This brief DACPR training in addition to standard CPR training can result in a modest improvement in the time to initiate CPR. Future studies are now required to examine the effect of DACPR training on survival of sudden CA.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of workplace-based distributed cardiopulmonary resuscitation training versus conventional annual basic life support training

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjstel-2020-000709
Author(s):  
Yiqun Lin ◽  
Kent Hecker ◽  
Adam Cheng ◽  
Vincent J Grant ◽  
Gillian Currie
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Distributed Training ◽  
Cpr Quality ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cpr Training

ContextAlthough distributed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) practice has been shown to improve learning outcomes, little is known about the cost-effectiveness of this training strategy. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of workplace-based distributed CPR practice with real-time feedback when compared with conventional annual CPR training.MethodsWe measured educational resource use, costs, and outcomes of both conventional training and distributed training groups in a prospective-randomised trial conducted with paediatric acute care providers over 12 months. Costs were calculated and reported from the perspective of the health institution. Incremental costs and effectiveness of distributed CPR training relative to conventional training were presented. Cost-effectiveness was expressed as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) if appropriate. One-way sensitivity analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted.ResultsA total of 87 of 101 enrolled participants completed the training (46/53 in intervention and 41/48 in the control). Compared with conventional training, the distributed CPR training group had a higher proportion of participants achieving CPR excellence, defined as over 90% guideline compliant for chest compression depth, rate and recoil (control: 0.146 (6/41) vs intervention 0.543 (25/46), incremental effectiveness: +0.397) with decreased costs (control: $C266.50 vs intervention $C224.88 per trainee, incremental costs: −$C41.62). The sensitivity analysis showed that when the institution does not pay for the training time, distributed CPR training results in an ICER of $C147.05 per extra excellent CPR provider.ConclusionWorkplace-based distributed CPR training with real-time feedback resulted in improved CPR quality by paediatric healthcare providers and decreased training costs, when training time is paid by the institution. If the institution does not pay for training time, implementing distributed training resulted in better CPR quality and increased costs, compared with conventional training. These findings contribute further evidence to the decision-making processes as to whether institutions/programmes should financially adopt these training programmes.

Abstract 12035: Effect of 10-minute Dispatch-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training in Addition to a Standard Course: A Simulation Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetada Fukushima ◽  
Hideki Asai ◽  
Kazunobu Norimoto ◽  
Tadahiko Seki ◽  
Yasuyuki Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cpr Training

Introduction: Immediate bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential for the good outcome of sudden cardiac arrest victims. Current guidelines recommend dispatch-assisted CPR (DA-CPR), which can double the frequency of bystander CPR. Laypersons, however, are not familiar with how dispatchers provide CPR instructions. DA-CPR training may be effective at spreading DA-CPR, but this needs to be validated. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of brief DA-CPR training in addition to a standard CPR training course. Methods: We conducted a DA-CPR simulation study. Participants with no prior CPR training within 1 year were assigned randomly to one of two 90-min CPR training courses (DA-CPR Group: a standard CPR course with 10-min DA-CPR training or Standard Group: a standard CPR course with a simple introduction to how dispatchers deal with emergency calls). In the DA-CPR Group, the participants practiced the role of a dispatcher and an emergency caller. At 6 months after training, the subjects performed CPR for 2 min under instruction from off-duty dispatchers. Results: Of the 66 participants, 59 (DA-CPR Group, 30; Standard Group, 29) completed the simulation at 6 months after training. The median time intervals between call receipt and cardiac arrest recognition or instruction for chest compressions by dispatchers were similar between both groups. However, the subjects in the DA-CPR Group provided the first compression more quickly (median time interval between call receipt and the first dispatch-assisted compression: 108 vs. 129 s, respectively, p < 0.05 Mann-Whitney U test). The quality of chest compressions was, however, similar between both groups. Conclusions: All participants could perform DA-CPR at 6 months after training, but those in the DA-CPR Group started chest compressions more quickly. DA-CPR training might be effective for the immediate development of better cooperation between a layperson and a dispatcher.

Abstract 445: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training for Families of Cardiac Patients Before Hospital Discharge Using a Mobile Application

Circulation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey L Blewer ◽  
Shaun K McGovern ◽  
Andrew D Murray ◽  
Marion Leary ◽  
Mary Putt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Skill Retention ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Self Instruction ◽  
Cpr Training

Introduction: Since over 75% of sudden cardiac arrest events occur in the home where family members may be first responders, broad cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training for family members of high-risk cardiac patients represents a promising intervention. The use of mobile application-based (mApp) CPR training may facilitate this, but data on the approach are limited. Objectives: We compared CPR skill retention among those trained with an mApp and hypothesized that training with the mApp would be non-inferior to training with a well-established video self-instruction (VSI) kit. As a secondary analysis, we examined dissemination via the “multiplier rate” (i.e., those additionally trained by primary trainees) by intervention. Methods: We conducted a multicenter pragmatic, randomized control trial assessing non-inferiority of training family members of cardiac patients in CPR with an mApp (video, but no practice manikin) to training with an established VSI method (video and manikin). Subject’s CPR skills were tested 6-months post-training. We hypothesized that mApp training would be non-inferior to VSI training, with a non-inferiority margin set at 5 chest compressions (cc) per min. Results: From 01/2016-01/2018, 1446 subjects were enrolled at 8 hospitals with 685 trained with VSI, and 761 trained with the mApp. Of those, 541 were included in the skills analysis (275 VSI, 266 App). The mean age was 52±16 years and 69% were female. Mean cc rate was 85±34 per min; mean cc depth was 40±14 mm. When stratified by intervention arm, those trained with VSI had a mean rate of 86 per min (83, 90), compared to 88 per min (84, 92) with the mApp; those trained with VSI had a mean depth of 42 mm (41, 44), compared to 39 mm (38, 41) with the mApp. Findings were similar when accounting for loss to follow-up. We concluded non-inferiority of the mApp with a mean difference of 1 (-5, 7) cc per min for rate. Subjects trained with VSI shared with an additional 2±4 individuals compared to 1±2 (p<0.01) of those trained with the mApp. Conclusion: In this large prospective trial of CPR skill retention, the mApp CPR training approach was non-inferior to VSI training for family members of cardiac patients. Future work may include evaluating additional means for adoption and dissemination of the mApp.

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