Intelligent Sensing Using Multiple Sensors for Material Characterization

Ali M. Albishi; Seyed H. Mirjahanmardi; Abdulbaset M. Ali; Vahid Nayyeri; Saud M. Wasly; Omar M. Ramahi

doi:10.3390/s19214766

Intelligent Sensing Using Multiple Sensors for Material Characterization

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19214766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (21) ◽

pp. 4766 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali M. Albishi ◽

Seyed H. Mirjahanmardi ◽

Abdulbaset M. Ali ◽

Vahid Nayyeri ◽

Saud M. Wasly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Material Characterization ◽

Experimental Validation ◽

Near Field ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Multiple Sensors ◽

Frequency Responses ◽

Sensing System ◽

Fluid Concentration ◽

The Neural Networks ◽

Very High

This paper presents a concept of an intelligent sensing technique based on modulating the frequency responses of microwave near-field sensors to characterize material parameters. The concept is based on the assumption that the physical parameters being extracted such as fluid concentration are constant over the range of frequency of the sensor. The modulation of the frequency response is based on the interactions between the material under test and multiple sensors. The concept is based on observing the responses of the sensors over a frequency wideband as vectors of many dimensions. The dimensions are then considered as the features for a neural network. With small datasets, the neural networks can produce highly accurate and generalized models. The concept is demonstrated by designing a microwave sensing system based on a two-port microstrip line exciting three-identical planar resonators. For experimental validation, the sensor is used to detect the concentration of a fluid material composed of two pure fluids. Very high accuracy is achieved.

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Simulation and Experimental Study of the Near Field Probe in the Form of a Folded Dipole for Measuring Glucose Concentration

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11125415 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 5415

Author(s):

Aleksandr Gorst ◽

Kseniya Zavyalova ◽

Aleksandr Mironchev ◽

Andrey Zapasnoy ◽

Andrey Klokov

Keyword(s):

Experimental Measurement ◽

Glucose Concentration ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Near Field ◽

Vector Network Analyzer ◽

Human Hand ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Network Analyzer ◽

Frequency Range ◽

Average Deviation

The article investigates the near-field probe of a special design to account for changes in glucose concentration. The probe is designed in such a way that it emits radiation in both directions from its plane. In this paper, it was proposed to modernize this design and consider the unidirectional emission of the probe in order to maximize the signal and reduce energy loss. We have done extensive research for both bidirectional and unidirectional probe designs. Numerical simulations and field experiments were carried out to determine different concentrations of glucose (0, 4, 5.3, 7.5 mmol/L). Numerical modeling of a unidirectional probe showed that the interaction of radiation generated by such a probe with a multilayer structure simulating a human hand showed a better result and high sensitivity compared to a bidirectional probe. Further, based on the simulation results, a phantom (physical model) of a human hand was recreated from layers with dielectric properties as close as possible to the properties of materials during simulation. The probe was constructed from a copper tube and matched both the geometric and physical parameters of the model. The experimental measurement was carried out using a vector network analyzer in the frequency range 2–10 GHz. The experimental measurement was carried out using a vector network analyzer in the frequency range 2–10 GHz for the unidirectional and bidirectional probes. Further, the results of the experiment were compared with the results of numerical simulation. According to the results of multiple experiments, it was found that the average deviation between the concentrations was 2 dB for a unidirectional probe and 0.4 dB for a bidirectional probe. Thus, the sensitivity of the unidirectional probe was 1.5 dB/(mmol/L) for the bidirectional one 0.3 dB/(mmol/L). Thus, the improved design of the near-field probe can be used to record glucose concentrations.

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Identification of Potential HCV Inhibitors Based on the Interaction of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate with Viral Envelope Proteins

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26051257 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1257

Author(s):

Fareena Shahid ◽

Noreen ◽

Roshan Ali ◽

Syed Lal Badshah ◽

Syed Babar Jamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

In Silico ◽

Experimental Validation ◽

Homology Modelling ◽

Viral Envelope ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Binding Affinities ◽

Autodock Vina ◽

Potential Inhibitors ◽

Very High

Hepatitis C is affecting millions of people around the globe annually, which leads to death in very high numbers. After many years of research, hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a serious threat to the human population and needs proper management. The in silico approach in the drug discovery process is an efficient method in identifying inhibitors for various diseases. In our study, the interaction between Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a component of green tea, and envelope glycoprotein E2 of HCV is evaluated. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is the most promising polyphenol approved through cell culture analysis that can inhibit the entry of HCV. Therefore, various in silico techniques have been employed to find out other potential inhibitors that can behave as EGCG. Thus, the homology modelling of E2 protein was performed. The potential lead molecules were predicted using ligand-based as well as structure-based virtual screening methods. The compounds obtained were then screened through PyRx. The drugs obtained were ranked based on their binding affinities. Furthermore, the docking of the topmost drugs was performed by AutoDock Vina, while its 2D interactions were plotted in LigPlot+. The lead compound mms02387687 (2-[[5-[(4-ethylphenoxy) methyl]-4-prop-2-enyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl] sulfanyl]-N-[3(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] acetamide) was ranked on top, and we believe it can serve as a drug against HCV in the future, owing to experimental validation.

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Biofuel-powered soft electronic skin with multiplexed and wireless sensing for human-machine interfaces

Science Robotics ◽

10.1126/scirobotics.aaz7946 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (41) ◽

pp. eaaz7946 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

You Yu ◽

Joanna Nassar ◽

Changhao Xu ◽

Jihong Min ◽

Yiran Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Body ◽

Power Efficiency ◽

Near Field ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Biofuel Cells ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Power Intensity ◽

Electronic Skin ◽

Self Powered ◽

Body Self

Existing electronic skin (e-skin) sensing platforms are equipped to monitor physical parameters using power from batteries or near-field communication. For e-skins to be applied in the next generation of robotics and medical devices, they must operate wirelessly and be self-powered. However, despite recent efforts to harvest energy from the human body, self-powered e-skin with the ability to perform biosensing with Bluetooth communication are limited because of the lack of a continuous energy source and limited power efficiency. Here, we report a flexible and fully perspiration-powered integrated electronic skin (PPES) for multiplexed metabolic sensing in situ. The battery-free e-skin contains multimodal sensors and highly efficient lactate biofuel cells that use a unique integration of zero- to three-dimensional nanomaterials to achieve high power intensity and long-term stability. The PPES delivered a record-breaking power density of 3.5 milliwatt·centimeter−2 for biofuel cells in untreated human body fluids (human sweat) and displayed a very stable performance during a 60-hour continuous operation. It selectively monitored key metabolic analytes (e.g., urea, NH4+, glucose, and pH) and the skin temperature during prolonged physical activities and wirelessly transmitted the data to the user interface using Bluetooth. The PPES was also able to monitor muscle contraction and work as a human-machine interface for human-prosthesis walking.

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Imaging single fluorophores at very high resolution by near-field optical microscopy

CLEO/Europe. 2005 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe, 2005. ◽

10.1109/cleoe.2005.1568397 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

H. Frey ◽

A. Cvitkovic ◽

S. Witt ◽

K. Felderer ◽

R. Guckenberger

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Optical Microscopy ◽

Near Field ◽

Very High

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WE-C-BRB-05: Monte Carlo Simulations and Experimental Validation of Rapid Dose Delivery with Very High-Energy Electron Beams

Medical Physics ◽

10.1118/1.4736098 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (6Part26) ◽

pp. 3944-3944

Author(s):

M Bazalova ◽

P Maxim ◽

S Tantawi ◽

E Colby ◽

A Koong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo ◽

Monte Carlo Simulations ◽

Experimental Validation ◽

Electron Beams ◽

High Energy ◽

Energy Electron ◽

High Energy Electron ◽

Dose Delivery ◽

Very High Energy ◽

Very High

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POLYETHYLENE OXIDE-CU COMPOSITE THICK FILMS FOR LPG SENSING

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s021797921106657x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (31) ◽

pp. 4199-4203

Author(s):

P. S. MORE ◽

Y. B. KHOLLAM ◽

PANKAJ KOINKAR ◽

N. D. SALI ◽

P. N. SHELKE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Oxide ◽

Screen Printing ◽

Gas Sensing ◽

Thick Films ◽

Sensing System ◽

Screen Printing Technique ◽

Printing Technique ◽

Cu Additive ◽

Very High ◽

Lpg Sensing

The LPG gas sensing response of polyethylene oxide ( PEO )- Cu ( Cu = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 wt. %) composite thick films prepared on alumina substrates by using novel screen printing technique are reported in present paper. The gas sensing responses of films were tested at 1000 ppm of LPG by using home-built static gas sensing system [between room temperature - 50 °C]. A very high value of SF = 1400 was obtained at an optimum temperature of 47 °C for a film with Cu = 0.7 wt.%. Further, better LPG sensing response, SF = 700 was obtained at low operating temperature = 36 °C for a film with Cu = 0.2 wt. %. The LPG sensing responses of the films were found to be strongly influenced by concentration level of Cu additive.

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Substrate integrated resonant near-field sensor for material characterization

2010 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium ◽

10.1109/mwsym.2010.5517812 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mikolaj Ambrozkiewicz ◽

Arne F. Jacob

Keyword(s):

Material Characterization ◽

Near Field ◽

Field Sensor

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The Influence of Near Field Redox Conditions on Spent Fuel Leaching

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-713-jj14.5 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 713 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Kastriot Spahiu ◽

Ulla-Britt Eklund ◽

Daqing Cui ◽

Max Lundström

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Pressure ◽

Near Field ◽

Free Water ◽

Spent Fuel ◽

Leaching Behavior ◽

Simulated Groundwater ◽

Dissolved Hydrogen ◽

Fuel Components ◽

Very High ◽

Anaerobic Environment

ABSTRACTIn a repository, the spent fuel could come in contact with groundwater if the canister or container has breached. The system may be quite complex with oxygen-free water, uranium dioxide, a corroding metal, such as iron, and a radiation field present at the same time. In an anaerobic environment iron and mild steel will corrode and hydrogen will be evolved. The equilibrium hydrogen pressure for this reaction is very high. At some time after water intrusion, there will be large amounts of dissolved hydrogen in the near field, corresponding to a partial pressure at least equivalent to the hydrostatic pressure at the repository depth. For this reason, we investigated the leaching behavior of 0.25-0.5 mm sized fragments of PWR spent fuel (43 MWd / Kg U) in simulated groundwater solution (10 mM NaCl and 2 mM HCO3-) under 5 MPa hydrogen and argon pressure. In a leaching experiment under 5 MPa hydrogen at 25 °C, the total U concentration was found to be <10−8 M. After refilling of the autoclave with new solution at 70°C, the total U concentration first increased to 10−6.3M, and then quickly decreased to 10−8 M. The leaching behavior of uranium and other fuel components indicates that under pressurized hydrogen, the spent fuel dissolution is substantially hindered. Leaching results obtained after the substitution of hydrogen by argon at the same pressure and temperature are also presented. Finally, some results on spent fuel leaching under pressurized argon are presented and comparatively discussed.

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