scholarly journals Wearable Sensors for Monitoring of Cigarette Smoking in Free-Living: A Systematic Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masudul H. Imtiaz ◽  
Raul I. Ramos-Garcia ◽  
Shashank Wattal ◽  
Stephen Tiffany ◽  
Edward Sazonov
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Wearable Technologies ◽  
Meta Analyses

Globally, cigarette smoking is widespread among all ages, and smokers struggle to quit. The design of effective cessation interventions requires an accurate and objective assessment of smoking frequency and smoke exposure metrics. Recently, wearable devices have emerged as a means of assessing cigarette use. However, wearable technologies have inherent limitations, and their sensor responses are often influenced by wearers’ behavior, motion and environmental factors. This paper presents a systematic review of current and forthcoming wearable technologies, with a focus on sensing elements, body placement, detection accuracy, underlying algorithms and applications. Full-texts of 86 scientific articles were reviewed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to address three research questions oriented to cigarette smoking, in order to: (1) Investigate the behavioral and physiological manifestations of cigarette smoking targeted by wearable sensors for smoking detection; (2) explore sensor modalities employed for detecting these manifestations; (3) evaluate underlying signal processing and pattern recognition methodologies and key performance metrics. The review identified five specific smoking manifestations targeted by sensors. The results suggested that no system reached 100% accuracy in the detection or evaluation of smoking-related features. Also, the testing of these sensors was mostly limited to laboratory settings. For a realistic evaluation of accuracy metrics, wearable devices require thorough testing under free-living conditions.

Accuracy and precision of energy expenditure, heart rate, and steps measured by combined-sensing Fitbits against reference measures: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Chevance ◽  
Natalie M. Golaszewski ◽  
Elizabeth Tipton ◽  
Eric B. Hekler ◽  
Matthew Buman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Criterion Measure ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND Although it is widely recognized that physical activity is an important determinant of health there is considerable challenge in assessing this complex behavior. Tools for the objective assessment of the frequency, intensity, and duration of physical activity in adults and children have largely been developed for short-term use within research or public health surveillance environments. However, recent advances in microtechnology, data processing, wireless communication, and battery capacity have resulted in the proliferation of low-cost, non-invasive, wrist-worn devices with attractive designs that can easily be used by consumers to track their physical activity over long periods of time. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present systematic-review and meta-analyses is to examine, quantify, and report on the current state of evidence for the analytical validity of energy expenditure, heart rate, and steps measured by recent combined-sensing Fitbits. METHODS Systematic-review and Bland-Altman meta-analyses of validation studies of combined-sensing Fitbits against reference measures of energy expenditure, heart rate and steps. RESULTS A total of 52 studies were included in the systematic review. Among them, 41 were included in the meta-analyses, representing 203 individual comparisons between Fitbit devices and a criterion measure (i.e., 117 for heart rate, 49 for energy expenditure, and 37 for steps). Overall, the majority of authors of the included studies concluded that recent Fitbit models underestimate heart rate, energy expenditure, and steps compared to criterion measures. These independent conclusions aligned with the results of the pooled meta-analyses showing an average underestimation of, respectively, -2,99 bpm, -2,77 kcal/min and -3,11 steps/min of the Fitbit compared to criterion measure (results obtained after removing high risk of bias studies). CONCLUSIONS Fitbit devices are likely to underestimate heart rate, energy expenditure, and steps. The estimation of these measurements varied by quality of study, age of the participants, type of activities, and by model of Fitbit. The qualitative conclusions of the majority of studies aligned with the results of meta-analyses. Although the expected level of accuracy might vary from one context to another, this underestimation can be acceptable, on average, for steps and heart rate. Information about energy expenditure however are likely to be too unprecise.

scholarly journals Gait Assessment Using Wearable Sensor-Based Devices in People Living with Dementia: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12735
Author(s):  
Yehuda Weizman ◽  
Oren Tirosh ◽  
Jeanie Beh ◽  
Franz Konstantin Fuss ◽  
Sonja Pedell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Great Accuracy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The ability of people living with dementia to walk independently is a key contributor to their overall well-being and autonomy. For this reason, understanding the relationship between dementia and gait is significant. With rapidly emerging developments in technology, wearable devices offer a portable and affordable alternative for healthcare experts to objectively estimate kinematic parameters with great accuracy. This systematic review aims to provide an updated overview and explore the opportunities in the current research on wearable sensors for gait analysis in adults over 60 living with dementia. A systematic search was conducted in the following scientific databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and IEEE Xplore. The targeted search identified 1992 articles that were potentially eligible for inclusion, but, following title, abstract, and full-text review, only 6 articles were deemed to meet the inclusion criteria. Most studies performed adequately on measures of reporting, in and out of a laboratory environment, and found that sensor-derived data are successful in their respective objectives and goals. Nevertheless, we believe that additional studies utilizing standardized protocols should be conducted in the future to explore the impact and usefulness of wearable devices in gait-related characteristics such as fall prognosis and early diagnosis in people living with dementia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Wearable Electronics for Epilepsy: A Systematic Review

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tendai Rukasha ◽  
Sandra I Woolley ◽  
Theocharis Kyriacou ◽  
Tim Collins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Complete Evaluation ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Wearable Electronic Devices

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects 50 million people worldwide. It is characterised by seizures that can vary in presentation, from short absences to protracted convulsions. Wearable electronic devices that detect seizures have the potential to hail timely assistance for individuals, inform their treatment, and assist care and self-management. This systematic review encompasses the literature relevant to the evaluation of wearable electronics for epilepsy. Devices and performance metrics are identified, and the evaluations, both quantitative and qualitative, are presented. Twelve primary studies comprising quantitative evaluations from 510 patients and participants were collated according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two studies (with 104 patients/participants) comprised both qualitative and quantitative evaluation components. Despite many works in the literature proposing and evaluating novel and incremental approaches to seizure detection, there is a lack of studies evaluating the devices available to consumers and researchers, and there is much scope for more complete evaluation data in quantitative studies. There is also scope for further qualitative evaluations amongst individuals, carers, and healthcare professionals regarding their use, experiences, and opinions of these devices.

Objective Assessment of Aerosolization During Transnasal Endoscopy: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110506
Author(s):  
Sophia Matos ◽  
Arun Sharma ◽  
Dana Crosby
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Aerosol Generation ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Free Text Search ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective The goal of this systematic review is to assimilate the literature on objective assessment of particulate aerosolization during transnasal endoscopic procedures. Data Sources PubMed and hand-searched articles. Review Methods The PubMed electronic database was searched using Medical Subject Headings and free-text search terms relating to aerosolization and transnasal endoscopic procedures from inception to November 16, 2020. References were hand-searched to identify additional publications for consideration. Inclusion in the systematic review required quantification of aerosol generation during clinic transnasal endoscopic procedures. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and flowchart were followed during the systematic review. Results Eight of 900 studies met criteria for inclusion in the systematic review. Five studies tested nasal endoscopy with mixed findings on the risk of aerosol generation during this procedure. Two studies assessed flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy and also reported mixed findings. Breathing, sneezing, speech, and spray anesthetic/decongestants were found to consistently increase aerosol generation above baseline. A number of studies tested new and general mitigation strategies and were found to be effective in decreasing aerosol generation. Conclusions The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has informed many considerations regarding patient and provider safety. It is valuable to understand the risk during outpatient otolaryngology procedures through the quantification of aerosolization. There are several effective methods to control aerosolization during these procedures. The findings of this systematic review will inform appropriate precautions to protect against spread of infectious agents by aerosolization.

Psychological and Cognitive Aspects of Borderline Intellectual Functioning

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastianina Contena ◽  
Stefano Taddei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Borderline Intellectual Functioning ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) refers to a global IQ ranging from 71 to 84, and it represents a condition of clinical attention for its association with other disorders and its influence on the outcomes of treatments and, in general, quality of life and adaptation. Furthermore, its definition has changed over time causing a relevant clinical impact. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature on this topic can promote an understanding of what has been studied, and can differentiate what is currently attributable to BIF from that which cannot be associated with this kind of intellectual functioning. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, we have conducted a review of the literature about BIF. The results suggest that this condition is still associated with mental retardation, and only a few studies have focused specifically on this condition.

Vaccination in childhood and the risk of childhood cancer – a systematic review and meta-analyses

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sadre Dadras ◽  
LK Brackmann ◽  
I Langner ◽  
U Haug ◽  
W Ahrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Meta Analyses
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