scholarly journals An ISE-based On-Site Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Detection System

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Li ◽  
Qingliang Yang ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Maohua Wang ◽  
Miao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Fusion Model ◽  
Soil Slurry ◽  
Field Detection

Soil nitrate–nitrogen (NO3−-N) is one of the primary factors used to control nitrogen topdressing application during the crop growth period. The ion-selective electrode (ISE) is a promising method for rapid lower-cost in-field detection. Due to the simplification of sample preparation, the accuracy and stability of ISE-based in-field detection is doubted. In this paper, a self-designed prototype system for on-site soil NO3−-N detection was developed. The procedure of spinning centrifugation was used to avoid interference from soil slurry suspension. A modified Nernstian prediction model was quantitatively characterized with outputs from both the ISE and the soil moisture sensor. The measurement accuracy of the sensor fusion model was comparable with the laboratory ISE detections with standard sample pretreatment. Compared with the standard spectrometric method, the average absolute error (AE) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) were found to be less than 4.7 and 6.1 mg/L, respectively. The on-site soil testing efficiency was 4–5 min/sample, which reduced the operation time by 60% compared with manual sample preparation. The on-site soil NO3−-N status was dynamically monitored for 42 consecutive days. The declining peak of NO3−-N was observed. In all, the designed ISE-based detection system demonstrated a promising capability for the dynamic on-site monitoring of soil macronutrients.

Fallow management, soil water, plant-available soil nitrogen and grain sorghum production in south west Queensland

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Gibson ◽  
BJ Radford ◽  
RGH Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Fallow Management ◽  
South West ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Texture Contrast ◽  
Gypsum Application

The effects of tillage frequency (conventional, reduced and zero), primary tillage implement (disc, blade and chisel plough), stubble management (retention and removal), gypsum application, and paraplowing were examined with respect to soil water storage, soil nitrate accumulation, crop establishment, crop growth, grain yield and grain nitrogen content for 4 successive sorghum crops on a sodic, texture-contrast soil in south west Queensland. Retention of sorghum stubble (v. removal) produced an increase in mean yield of sorghum grain of 393 kg/ha, due to increased soil water extraction and increased water use efficiency by the following crop. The highest mean yield occurred after reduced blade tillage with stubble retained. Zero tillage with stubble removed gave the lowest mean grain yield. Zero tillage always had the lowest quantity of soil nitrate-nitrogen at sowing. In one fallow, increased aggressiveness of primary tillage (disc v. blade plough) increased the quantity of nitrate-nitrogen in the top 60 cm of soil at sowing. These effects on available soil nitrogen did not result in corresponding differences in grain nitrogen content. Results indicate that for optimum fallow management on this texture-contrast soil in south west Queensland, sorghum residues should be retained, tillage frequency should be reduced, but not to zero, blade ploughing should be preferred to discing, and gypsum application should not be practised.

Generalized Evidential Processing in Multiple Simultaneous Threat Detection in UNIX

2012 ◽  
pp. 104-120
Author(s):  
Zafar Sultan ◽  
Paul Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Set Cover ◽  
Threat Detection ◽  
Fusion Model ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
On Line ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Statistical Data Fusion

In this paper, a hybrid identity fusion model at decision level is proposed for Simultaneous Threat Detection Systems. The hybrid model is comprised of mathematical and statistical data fusion engines; Dempster Shafer, Extended Dempster and Generalized Evidential Processing (GEP). Simultaneous Threat Detection Systems improve threat detection rate by 39%. In terms of efficiency and performance, the comparison of 3 inference engines of the Simultaneous Threat Detection Systems showed that GEP is the better data fusion model. GEP increased precision of threat detection from 56% to 95%. Furthermore, set cover packing was used as a middle tier data fusion tool to discover the reduced size groups of threat data. Set cover provided significant improvement and reduced threat population from 2272 to 295, which helped in minimizing the processing complexity of evidential processing cost and time in determining the combined probability mass of proposed Multiple Simultaneous Threat Detection System. This technique is particularly relevant to on-line and Internet dependent applications including portals.

Generalized Evidential Processing in Multiple Simultaneous Threat Detection in UNIX

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Zafar Sultan ◽  
Paul Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Set Cover ◽  
Threat Detection ◽  
Fusion Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
And Performance

In this paper, a hybrid identity fusion model at decision level is proposed for Simultaneous Threat Detection Systems. The hybrid model is comprised of mathematical and statistical data fusion engines; Dempster Shafer, Extended Dempster and Generalized Evidential Processing (GEP). Simultaneous Threat Detection Systems improve threat detection rate by 39%. In terms of efficiency and performance, the comparison of 3 inference engines of the Simultaneous Threat Detection Systems showed that GEP is the better data fusion model. GEP increased precision of threat detection from 56% to 95%. Furthermore, set cover packing was used as a middle tier data fusion tool to discover the reduced size groups of threat data. Set cover provided significant improvement and reduced threat population from 2272 to 295, which helped in minimizing the processing complexity of evidential processing cost and time in determining the combined probability mass of proposed Multiple Simultaneous Threat Detection System. This technique is particularly relevant to on-line and Internet dependent applications including portals.

Far-Field Detection System of Laser Beams Alignment Based on Gratings Sampling and On-Axial Illumination

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1101-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
刘代中 Liu Daizhong ◽  
丁莉 Ding Li ◽  
高妍琦 Gao Yanqi ◽  
朱宝强 Zhu Baoqiang ◽  
朱俭 Zhu Jian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Laser Beams ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Field Detection

scholarly journals Prototype System for the Detection of Volatile Hydrocarbons in Water

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Vasiliev ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Yablokov ◽  
Andrey V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Dissolved Gas ◽  
Dissolved Methane ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Volatile Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Fields ◽  
System Prototype

Detection of dissolved methane and volatile hydrocarbons in water is a problem met inleakage localization during exploitation of underwater pipelines, oil and oil product spill over watersurface, geological exploration work for the localization of oil and gas fields under water, etc. Thisproblem can be solved by the application of detection system based on tubular selective membranepermeable for volatile organics and impenetrable for liquid water. Carrier gas (air) flowing throughthis tube is saturated with dissolved gas and then gas concentration is measured usingsemiconductor or other gas sensor. The system prototype was tested under laboratory conditionsand demonstrated low limit of gas detection (~20 ppb by mass of dissolved methane in water) andshort response time (~10 s).

Nodulating and Non-Nodulating Soybean Rotation Influence on Soil Nitrate-Nitrogen and Water, and Sorghum Yield

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanga Mady Kaye ◽  
Stephen C. Mason ◽  
Tomie D. Galusha ◽  
Martha Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Nitrate

scholarly journals An in-house developed annular bright field detection system

2014 ◽  
Vol 522 ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
Leonardo Lari ◽  
Ian Wright ◽  
Daniel Pingstone ◽  
Jonathan Steward ◽  
Daniel Gilks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Field Detection

Emission Spectrometric Determination of Trace Elements in Biological Fluids

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Niedermeier ◽  
James H. Griggs ◽  
Richard S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Direct Reading ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Dc Arc

An emission spectrometric method of analysis is described, in which trace quantities of copper, iron, aluminum, barium, manganese, nickel, cesium, tin, strontium, chromium, zinc, lead, molybdenum, and cadmium were determined in blood serum. The sample preparation, starting with 2.0 ml of blood serum, is discussed in detail. The source of excitation was a 10 A dc arc. Quantitation was achieved with a direct reading emission spectrometer. The metal concentration, in micrograms per 100 ml of blood serum, was calculated from the experimental data by means of a computer.

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