scholarly journals Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Plasmonic Sensors: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banshi D. Gupta ◽  
Anisha Pathak ◽  
Vivek Semwal
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Sensitivity Enhancement ◽  
Large Surface Area ◽  
Plasmonic Sensors ◽  
Spr Sensor ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Dna Antibodies ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Based

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique is a remarkable tool, with applications in almost every area of science and technology. Sensing is the foremost and majorly explored application of SPR technique. The last few decades have seen a surge in SPR sensor research related to sensitivity enhancement and innovative target materials for specificity. Nanotechnological advances have augmented the SPR sensor research tremendously by employing nanomaterials in the design of SPR-based sensors, owing to their manifold properties. Carbon-based nanomaterials, like graphene and its derivatives (graphene oxide (GO)), (reduced graphene oxide (rGO)), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and their nanocomposites, have revolutionized the field of sensing due to their extraordinary properties, such as large surface area, easy synthesis, tunable optical properties, and strong compatible adsorption of biomolecules. In SPR based sensors carbon-based nanomaterials have been used to act as a plasmonic layer, as the sensitivity enhancement material, and to provide the large surface area and compatibility for immobilizing various biomolecules, such as enzymes, DNA, antibodies, and antigens, in the design of the sensing layer. In this review, we report the role of carbon-based nanomaterials in SPR-based sensors, their current developments, and challenges.

Light-controllable dispersion and recovery of graphenes and carbon nanotubes using a photo-switchable surfactant

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 6969-6974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. McCoy ◽  
Amelia C. Y. Liu ◽  
Rico F. Tabor
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surfactant Molecule ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Aqueous Dispersibility ◽  
Carbon Based

The aqueous dispersibility of carbon-based nanomaterials, namely graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), can be controlled by light via the photoisomerisation of a photoswitchable surfactant molecule adsorbed to the surface of these materials.

scholarly journals Syntheses Approach of 2-D Oxide Family of Graphene for Supercapacitor Application (A-Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1025
Author(s):  
PARIMAL ROUTH
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Large Surface Area ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Supercapacitor Application ◽  
Material Chemistry ◽  
Reduced Graphene

More recently, 2-D graphene oxide (GO)/reduced graphene (rGO) have altered the direction of modern science with material chemistry and physics by research as they offer different key advantages. These are (i) atomically thin 2-D nanosheets (NSs) provide a large surface area (ii) presence of maximum chemically reactive sites, and (iii) higher mechanical strength and flexibility. Considering the progresses of graphene research, we broadly and crucially discuss the formation of the growing family of 2-D GO/rGO in this review paper. Synthesis methodologies are compared, focusing to offer signs for emerging novel and adaptable synthetic methods. Their advantage use in the fields of supercapacitor are highlighted in this review.

Facile synthesis of NiCo2O4-anchored reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites as efficient additives for improving the dehydrogenation behavior of lithium alanate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1257-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongpeng Xia ◽  
Sheng Wei ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
Jianquan Li ◽  
Xinghua Cen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Large Surface Area ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Mesoporous Structures

Large surface area and mesoporous structures provided by NiCo2O4@rGO nanocomposites play a synergistic role in remarkably improving the dehydrogenation properties of LiAlH4.

Preparation of porous reduced graphene oxide using cellulose acetate for high performance capacitive desalination

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (74) ◽  
pp. 70532-70536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghui Wang ◽  
Guoqian Lu ◽  
Huan Yan ◽  
Wei Ni ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Surface Area ◽  
Porous Graphene ◽  
Reduced Graphene

A three-dimensional porous graphene electrode is prepared by using cellulose acetate as a template. The electrode possesses ideal porous structure and large surface area, therefore resulting in high electrosorption capacity for CDI application.

scholarly journals The Biogenic Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide using Hibiscus sabdariffa L. as Natural Precursor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmellie Laura Albert ◽  
Eddie Khay Ming Tan ◽  
Huey Fang Teh ◽  
Theresa Ng Lee Mei ◽  
Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Based

Owing to their extraordinary properties, carbon-based nanomaterials are gaining traction in biomedicine. Green synthesis is the cost-effective method for fabricating carbon-based nanomaterials due to its rapidity, renewable nature, and sustainability. This study emphasis on the graphene oxide (GO) reduction using a simple one-pot technique that does not require the use of toxic reducing agents. This article reports the green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) using Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyxes extract as the natural reducing agent. Additionally, this article also provides analysis RGO using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Raman spectroscopy. XRD result showed that the GO peak at 11o diminished, and a new hump appear at 22o indicating that the GO is fully reduced when it is refluxed for 6 hours, at 100oC with 1:3 ratio of GO:PE. The UV-Vis data indicated absorption peak of GO (237 nm) and RGO (265 nm) at distinct locations. This finding shed new light on the enormous potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyxes extract for green GO reduction. As a result, this environmentally friendly method can help reduce dependence on chemical materials.

scholarly journals Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported Pt-Based Catalysts for PEM Fuel Cells with Enhanced Activity and Stability

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Irina V. Pushkareva ◽  
Artem S. Pushkarev ◽  
Valery N. Kalinichenko ◽  
Ratibor G. Chumakov ◽  
Maksim A. Soloviev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Polyol Process ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Simultaneous Reduction ◽  
Reduced Graphene

Platinum (Pt)-based electrocatalysts supported by reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were synthesized using two different methods, namely: (i) a conventional two-step polyol process using RGO as the substrate, and (ii) a modified polyol process implicating the simultaneous reduction of a Pt nanoparticle precursor and graphene oxide (GO). The structure, morphology, and electrochemical performances of the obtained Pt/RGO catalysts were studied and compared with a reference Pt/carbon black Vulcan XC-72 (C) sample. It was shown that the Pt/RGO obtained by the optimized simultaneous reduction process had higher Pt utilization and electrochemically active surface area (EASA) values, and a better performance stability. The use of this catalyst at the cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) led to an increase in its maximum power density of up to 17%, and significantly enhanced its performance especially at high current densities. It is possible to conclude that the optimized synthesis procedure allows for a more uniform distribution of the Pt nanoparticles and ensures better binding of the particles to the surface of the support. The advantages of Pt/RGO synthesized in this way over conventional Pt/C are the high electrical conductivity and specific surface area provided by RGO, as well as a reduction in the percolation limit of the components of the electrocatalytic layer due to the high aspect ratio of RGO.

Carbon Nanomaterials

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Ismar ◽  
A.Sezai Sarac
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Surface Reactivity ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Based

Development of materials always plays a key role in the civilization of the societies. After the industrial revolution, material-based technologies received attention. Nanotechnology has a revolutionary part in the development of industries. Developing technologies cannot be considered without the usage of nanomaterials. Nano-sized materials have different properties than their bulk forms basically because of the increased surface area, surface reactivity, and energy according to decreased size. Carbon-based nanomaterials have a variety of possible application areas from biosensors to aviation. This compact review put a great deal of emphasis on the position of carbon nanomaterials: CNTs, graphene, and carbon nanofibers together with their main synthesis methods and their application areas. The reader can get a quick idea about the basics of CNTs, graphene, and carbon nanofibers and their fabrication techniques.

Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Drugs Sensing: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
pp. 13-39
Author(s):  
Bavani Kasinathan ◽  
Ruzniza Mohd Zawawi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Chemical Vapour Deposition ◽  
Vapour Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Based

Carbon-based nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers and nanodiamonds have been fascinated considerable attention as promising materials for drug sensing. These materials have tremendous amount of attraction due to some extraordinary features such as excellent electrical and thermal conductivities as well as high mechanical strength. Hence, these nanomaterials have been used extensively in sensor technology in order to achieved desired sensitivities. To date, carbon based nanomaterials have been exploit in the development of various drug sensing due to their simple preparation methods, and cost effectiveness. The aim of this review is to focus upon carbon based nanomaterials predominantly on drugs sensing applications. This review has been written in summary form including properties, fabrication method, and analytical performances.Abbreviation:Au, Gold; CNFs, Carbon Nanofibers; CNTs, Carbon Nanotubes; CVD, Chemical Vapour Deposition; D-, Dextrorotatory enantiomer; D, Dimensional; DNase, deoxyribonuclease; ESD, Electrospinning deposition; GCE, Glassy Carbon Electrode; Gr, Graphene; GrO, Graphene Oxide; ILs, ionic liquids; L-, Levorotatory enantiomer; LOD, Limit of Detection; MTase, Methyltransferases; MW, Microwave; MWCNTs, Multi-walled Carbon nanotubes; NDs, Nanodiamonds; NPs, Nanoparticles; PECVD, Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition; RGO, Reduced Graphene Oxide; SPE, Screen-Printed Electrode; SPR, Surface Plasmon resonance; ssDNA, single-stranded DNA; SWCNTs, Single-walled Carbon nanotubes.

Synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/aluminum nanocomposites via chemical-mechanical processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (22) ◽  
pp. 3015-3025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeyoung Kim ◽  
Heon Kang ◽  
Donghyun Bae ◽  
Seungjin Nam ◽  
Manuel Quevedo-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Aluminum Powder ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Reduced Graphene

The present study employed a combination of solution-based synthesis and mechanical milling to develop reduced graphene oxide/aluminum composites, in order to achieve uniform dispersion of reduced graphene oxide and strong interfaces between reduced graphene oxide and aluminum. First, spherical aluminum powder was flattened via mechanical milling to afford a large specific surface area and many reaction sites for the graphene oxide. A hydrophilic surface was then created by coating the aluminum powder with polyvinyl alcohol. The polyvinyl alcohol-coated aluminum slurry was mixed with a graphene oxide suspension, thereby inducing a reaction between graphene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol via hydrogen bonding. After thermal reduction, the composite powder was further ball milled and hot-pressed at 500℃ to produce a reduced graphene oxide/aluminum composite. The dispersion of reduced graphene oxide in the composite, as well as the mechanical and thermal behaviors of the composite, improved with increased flattening and specific surface area of the starting aluminum powder.

scholarly journals Investigation of Acetone Vapour Sensing Properties of a Ternary Composite of Doped Polyaniline, Reduced Graphene Oxide and Chitosan Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2750
Author(s):  
Fahad Usman ◽  
John Ojur Dennis ◽  
E M Mkawi ◽  
Yas Al-Hadeethi ◽  
Fabrice Meriaudeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Ternary Composite ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Spr Sensor ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Acetone Vapour ◽  
Doped Polyaniline

This work reports the use of a ternary composite that integrates p-Toluene sulfonic acid doped polyaniline (PANI), chitosan, and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as the active sensing layer of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. The SPR sensor is intended for application in the non-invasive monitoring and screening of diabetes through the detection of low concentrations of acetone vapour of less than or equal to 5 ppm, which falls within the range of breath acetone concentration in diabetic patients. The ternary composite film was spin-coated on a 50-nm-thick gold layer at 6000 rpm for 30 s. The structure, morphology and chemical composition of the ternary composite samples were characterized by FTIR, UV-VIS, FESEM, EDX, AFM, XPS, and TGA and the response to acetone vapour at different concentrations in the range of 0.5 ppm to 5 ppm was measured at room temperature using SPR technique. The ternary composite-based SPR sensor showed good sensitivity and linearity towards acetone vapour in the range considered. It was determined that the sensor could detect acetone vapour down to 0.88 ppb with a sensitivity of 0.69 degree/ppm with a linearity correlation coefficient of 0.997 in the average SPR angular shift as a function of the acetone vapour concentration in air. The selectivity, repeatability, reversibility, and stability of the sensor were also studied. The acetone response was 87%, 94%, and 99% higher compared to common interfering volatile organic compounds such as propanol, methanol, and ethanol, respectively. The attained lowest detection limit (LOD) of 0.88 ppb confirms the potential for the utilisation of the sensor in the non-invasive monitoring and screening of diabetes.

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