scholarly journals Mobile Phone Usage Detection by ANN Trained with a Metaheuristic Algorithm †

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrain Mendez ◽  
Alexandro Ortiz ◽  
Pedro Ponce ◽  
Juan Acosta ◽  
Arturo Molina
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Nano Sensors ◽  
Mobile Phone Usage ◽  
Smart Mobile Phone

Artificial neural networks (ANN) are widely used to classify high non-linear systems by using a set of input/output data. Moreover, they are trained using several optimization methodologies and this paper presents a novel algorithm for training ANN through an earthquake optimization method. Usually, gradient optimization method is implemented for the training process, with perhaps the large number of iterations leading to slow convergence, and not always achieving the optimal solution. Since metaheuristic optimization methods deal with searching for weight values in a broad optimization space, the training computational effort is reduced and ensures an optimal solution. This work shows an efficient training process that is a suitable solution for detection of mobile phone usage while driving. The main advantage of training ANN using the Earthquake Algorithm (EA) lies in its versatility to search in a fine or aggressive way, which extends its field of application. Additionally, a basic example of a linear classification is illustrated using the proposal-training method, so the number of applications could be expanded to nano-sensors, such as reversible logic circuit synthesis in which a genetic algorithm had been implemented. The fine search is important for the studied logic gate emulation due to the small searching areas for the linear separation, also demonstrating the convergence capabilities of the algorithm. Experimental results validate the proposed method for smart mobile phone applications that also can be applied for optimization applications.

Design Optimization Method for MR-Brake Actuators

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozan G. Erol ◽  
Hakan Gurocak ◽  
Berk Gonenc
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Friction Torque ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Taguchi Design Of Experiments ◽  
Variable Friction ◽  
Electronically Controllable

MR-brakes work by varying viscosity of a magnetorheological (MR) fluid inside the brake. This electronically controllable viscosity leads to variable friction torque generated by the actuator. A properly designed MR-brake can have a high torque-to-volume ratio which is quite desirable for an actuator. However, designing an MR-brake is a complex process as there are many parameters involved in the design which can affect the size and torque output significantly. The contribution of this study is a new design approach that combines the Taguchi design of experiments method with parameterized finite element analysis for optimization. Unlike the typical multivariate optimization methods, this approach can identify the dominant parameters of the design and allows the designer to only explore their interactions during the optimization process. This unique feature reduces the size of the search space and the time it takes to find an optimal solution. It normally takes about a week to design an MR-brake manually. Our interactive method allows the designer to finish the design in about two minutes. In this paper, we first present the details of the MR-brake design problem. This is followed by the details of our new approach. Next, we show how to design an MR-brake using this method. Prototype of a new brake was fabricated. Results of experiments with the prototype brake are very encouraging and are in close agreement with the theoretical performance predictions.

scholarly journals Optimal design of symmetric switching CMOS inverter using symbiotic organisms search algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Nihad Dib ◽  
Umar Al-Sammarraie
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Cmos Inverter ◽  
Symbiotic Organisms Search ◽  
Symbiotic Organisms

This paper investigates the optimal design of symmetric switching CMOS inverter using the Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) algorithm. SOS has been recently proposed as an effective evolutionary global optimization method that is inspired by the symbiotic interaction strategies between different organisms in an ecosystem. In SOS, the three common types of symbiotic relationships (mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism) are modeled using simple expressions, which are used to find the global minimum of the fitness function. Unlike other optimization methods, SOS has no parameters to be tuned, which makes it an attractive and easy-to-implement optimization method. Here, SOS is used to design a high speed symmetric switching CMOS inverter, which is considered the most fundamental logic gate. SOS results are compared to those obtained using several optimization methods, like particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), and other ones, available in the literature. It is shown that the SOS is a robust straight-forward evolutionary algorithm that can compete with other well-known advanced methods.

S-Metaheuristics Approach to Solve Traveling Salesman Problem

Jurnal METRIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Agung Chandra ◽  
Aulia Naro
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Traveling Salesman ◽  
Solution Technique ◽  
Metaheuristic Algorithm ◽  
Shortest Distance ◽  
Single Solution

Metaheuristic algorithm is a state of the art optimization method which suitable for solving large and complex problem. Single solution technique – Smetaheuristic is one of metaheuristic algorithm that search near optimal solution and known as exploitation based. The research conducted to seek a better solution for deliverying goods to 29 destinations by comparing two well known optimization methods that can produce the shortest distance: Simulated Annealing (SA) and Tabu Search (TS). The result shows that TS – 107 KM has a shorter distance than SA – 119 KM. Exploration based method should be conducted for next research to produce information in which one is a better method

Comparative Study of Different Optimization Algorithms Used for Obtaining Diesel-Biodiesel Blends

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1893-1896
Author(s):  
Stefan Sandru ◽  
Ion Onutu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Dual Simplex ◽  
Linear Programming Problems

The purpose of this paper is to compare two different optimization methods, used in acquiring diesel-biodiesel blends. There were used five types of samples in order to enable the optimization of the final blend: there were chosen two types of hydrofined diesel fuel and there were synthesized three original types of biodiesel. The first optimization method used, dual simplex, is a classical method being used in solving linear programming problems. The second optimization method, the genetic algorithms, falls in the type of artificial intelligence algorithms, being an evolutionary method used when the problem requires searching an optimal solution in a great variety of valid solutions.

scholarly journals Smart mobile phone usage pattern by students of professional colleges and it’s dependence: A comparative profile

2019 ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
R.D. Ramesh ◽  
A. De ◽  
K. Vijaya
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Usage Pattern ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Poor Academic Performance ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Mobile Phone Usage ◽  
Smart Mobile Phone ◽  
Smart Mobile

Background: Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of modern human life. With the ever-increasing utilization of smart phones, several psychological & behavioural problems have emerged. Excessive use of smart phones has also led to poor academic performance among students. Keeping all these points in mind, a study was conducted in professional colleges to obtain base line data. Objectives: To assess the usage pattern of smart mobile phone among students of professional colleges and to evaluate the mobile phone dependence in students of professional colleges. Materials and methods: In Visakhapatnam, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 Medical & 100 Engineering students selected by random sampling technique. Data were collected using a pre-designed& pre-tested questionnaire from October 2018 to November 2018. SAS-SV Scale was used to assess the mobile phone dependence. Collation of data was done using inferential statistical methods. Results: The study population of Medical group consisted of 32% males & 68% females; of these 45% were Day scholars & 55% were residents of hostels. The study population of Engineering group consisted of 63% males& 37% females; of these 76% were Day scholars & 24% were residents of hostels. The majority of students in both the professional groups were of the age group of 19 years. While assessing mobile phone usage pattern, it was found that age of initiation of mobile phone use was above15 years in 88.5 % in both the groups. 75%. of students in both the groups were using mobile phone between 1-6 hours a day. 45% of students were using mobile phone at home while 55%were using while on move. While 32% students had Addiction scale more than SAS-SV: cut off 31; factors like daily life Disturbance, withdrawal, cyber space-orientation relationship, overuse etc. 33% students were in the range of being at risk group (SAS-SV: 20 to 30). Out of 19 % Medical & 32% Engineering students who attended calls while driving, 26% & 25% continued conversation while still driving in both the groups respectively.131students often woke up from their sleep to check whether they had a Notification or a Missed call or SMS (P=<0.01). False perception of mobile phone ringing was present among 12% of Medical and 14% of engineering students. Conclusion: The study showed an increased dependence of mobile phone use among Medical & Engineering students, which imparts a negative effect on physical and mental health & also poor academic performance.

scholarly journals Architectural Models Enabled Dynamic Optimization for System-of-Systems Evolution

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zhemei Fang ◽  
Xiaozhou Zhou ◽  
Ani Song
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Optimization ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Architectural Representation ◽  
Architecture Framework

System of Systems (SoS) is designed to deliver value to participant stakeholders in a dynamic and uncertain environment where new systems are added and current systems are removed continuously and on their own volition. This requires effective evolution management at the SoS architectural level with adequate support of process, methods, and tools. This paper follows the principle of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and develops a holistic framework integrating MBSE conceptual representations and approximate dynamic programming (ADP) to support the SoS evolution. The conceptual models provide a common architectural representation to improve communication between various decision makers while the dynamic optimization method suggests evolution planning decisions from the analytical perspective. The Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) models using Systems Modeling Language (SysML) are used as MBSE artifacts to connect with ADP modeling elements through DoDAF metamodels to increase information traceability and reduce unnecessary information loss. Using a surface warfare SoS as an example, this paper demonstrates and explains the procedures of developing DoDAF models, mapping DoDAF models to ADP elements, formulating ADP formulation, and generating evolutionary decisions. The effectiveness of using ADP in supporting evolution to achieve a near-optimal solution that can maximize the SoS capability over time is illustrated by comparing ADP solution to other alternative solutions. The entire framework also sheds light on bridging the DoDAF-based conceptual models and other mathematical optimization methods.

scholarly journals The association of smart mobile phone usage with cognitive function impairment in Saudi adult population

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamir M. Al-Khlaiwi ◽  
Syed Shahid Habib ◽  
Sultan Ayoub Meo ◽  
Mohammed Saeed Alqhtani ◽  
Abeer A. Ogailan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Mobile Phone Usage ◽  
Smart Mobile Phone ◽  
Smart Mobile ◽  
Moca Score

Background & Objectives: Excessive use of mobile phones has raised a great concern about adverse health effects on human health. The present study’s aim was to investigate the association of the usage of smartphones with cognitive function impairment in the Saudi adult population. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during September 2019 to January 2020. A total of 251 Saudi adults who were using mobile phones were recruited, and knowledge, attitude and practices were assessed by interview using a predesigned proforma. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) tool was employed to assess the cognitive functions, comparison was made between daily mobile phone usage group and their correlated Montreal Cognitive Score (MOCA). Results: The mean age for 251 Saudi adult participants was 32.43±12.8 years. More than 80% of the participants used their mobile phone for more than two hours daily. About 61% of the participants were not aware of the side effect of the radiation generated from mobile phone. The participants showed a decrease in MOCA score with increased daily mobile phone usage (MOCA=26.8 for <1 hour daily usage, 26.1 for 1-2 hours, and 24.6 for >2 hours with P< 0.05). In addition, participants showed decreased MOCA score by keeping their mobile phone near their pillow while sleeping; MOCA=24.35 for near pillow groups and >25.5 for the groups that placed their mobile phone away from the pillow. Conclusions: Excessive use of mobile phones can cause cognitive function impairment. Strict policies must be implemented to control the use of smartphones in order to minimize the effects on mobile phone radiation on cognition. The media has to be on the forefront in educating the public about the proper usage of mobile phones. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2826 How to cite this:Al-khlaiwi TM, Habib SS, Meo SA, Alqhtani MS, Ogailan AA. The association of smart mobile phone usage with cognitive function impairment in Saudi adult population. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2826 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Urban Drainage Network Rehabilitation Considering Storm Tank Installation and Pipe Substitution

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Ngamalieu-Nengoue ◽  
Pedro Iglesias-Rey ◽  
F. Martínez-Solano ◽  
Daniel Mora-Meliá ◽  
Juan Saldarriaga Valderrama
Keyword(s):  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Drainage Networks ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The City ◽  
Swmm Model

The drainage networks of our cities are currently experiencing a growing increase in runoff flows, caused mainly by the waterproofing of the soil and the effects of climate change. Consequently, networks originally designed correctly must endure floods with frequencies much higher than those considered in the design phase. The solution of such a problem is to improve the network. There are several ways to rehabilitate a network: conduit substitution as a former method or current methods such as storm tank installation or combined use of conduit substitution and storm tank installation. To find an optimal solution, deterministic or heuristic optimization methods are used. In this paper, a methodology for the rehabilitation of these drainage networks based on the combined use of the installation of storm tanks and the substitution of some conduits of the system is presented. For this, a cost-optimization method and a pseudo-genetic heuristic algorithm, whose efficiency has been validated in other fields, are applied. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) model for hydraulic analysis of drainage and sanitation networks is used. The methodology has been applied to a sector of the drainage network of the city of Bogota in Colombia, showing how the combined use of storm tanks and conduits leads to lower cost rehabilitation solutions.

scholarly journals The Hybrid Invasive Weed Optimization-Shuffled Frog-leaping Algorithm Applied to Optimal Design of Frame Structures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kaveh ◽  
Siamak Talatahari ◽  
Nima Khodadadi
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Frame Structures ◽  
Invasive Weed Optimization ◽  
Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Shuffled Frog Leaping

In this article, an efficient hybrid optimization algorithm based on invasive weed optimization algorithm and shuffled frog-leaping algorithm is utilized for optimum design of skeletal frame structures. The shuffled frog-leaping algorithm is a population-based cooperative search metaphor inspired by natural memetic, and the invasive weed optimization algorithm is an optimization method based on dynamic growth of weeds colony. In the proposed algorithm, shuffled frog-leaping algorithm works to find optimal solution region rapidly, and invasive weed optimization performs the global search. Different benchmark frame structures are optimized using the new hybrid algorithm. Three design examples are tested using the new method. This algorithm converges to better or at least the same solutions compared the utilized methods with a smaller number of analyses. The outcomes are compared to those obtained previously using other recently developed meta-heuristic optimization methods.

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