scholarly journals Blockchain-Based Scalable and Tamper-Evident Solution for Registering Energy Data

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pop ◽  
Marcel Antal ◽  
Tudor Cioara ◽  
Ionut Anghel ◽  
David Sera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Meters ◽  
Digital Fingerprinting ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Second Tier ◽  
Energy Grid ◽  
High Processing

Nowadays, it has been recognized that blockchain can provide the technological infrastructure for developing decentralized, secure, and reliable smart energy grid management systems. However, an open issue that slows the adoption of blockchain technology in the energy sector is the low scalability and high processing overhead when dealing with the real-time energy data collected by smart energy meters. Thus, in this paper, we propose a scalable second tier solution which combines the blockchain ledger with distributed queuing systems and NoSQL (Not Only SQL database) databases to allow the registration of energy transactions less frequently on the chain without losing the tamper-evident benefits brought by the blockchain technology. At the same time, we propose a technique for tamper-evident registration of smart meters’ energy data and associated energy transactions using digital fingerprinting which allows the energy transaction to be linked hashed-back on-chain, while the sensors data is stored off-chain. A prototype was implemented using Ethereum and smart contracts for the on-chain components while for the off-chain components we used Cassandra database and RabbitMQ messaging broker. The prototype proved to be effective in managing a settlement of energy imbalances use-case and during the evaluation conducted in simulated environment shows promising results in terms of scalability, throughput, and tampering of energy data sampled by smart energy meters.

Blockchain technology design in accounting: Game changer to tackle fraud or technological fairy tale?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piera Centobelli ◽  
Roberto Cerchione ◽  
Pasquale Del Vecchio ◽  
Eugenio Oropallo ◽  
Giustina Secundo
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Distributed Database ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Private Network

PurposeThis paper aims to design, build and evaluate a blockchain platform in the accounting domain, taking an ecosystem perspective. To achieve this aim, the research provides evidence for developing a decentralised architecture rooted on blockchain technology, designing a proof of concept and modelling an accounting blockchain-based system.Design/methodology/approachMoving from the analysis of previous literature and leveraging on the design science approach, this paper provides a framework grounded on the main pillars of blockchain and accounting functions, identifying technical and non-technical issues that must be addressed embrace blockchain technology's full potential.FindingsWe propose and discuss a conceptual framework for a blockchain-based accounting context, moving from the identification of a typical accounting scenario. The framework is organised around three scalable levels: the first level is a technological infrastructure based on a distributed database with peer-to-peer storage; second, in the intermediate level, increasing control levels are assured through permissions and validation and third, in the higher level, the system provides the integration of business and security applications. The deployment of this system relies on a private network of nodes that validates transactions.Practical implicationsThe proposed conceptual framework about blockchain development in accounting allows closing the knowledge gap between blockchain developers and accounting experts by suggesting technological and strategic issues for practitioners.Originality/valueWe provide practical guidelines to design and adopt blockchain in the accounting domain.

scholarly journals Compression Techniques of Electrical Energy Data for Load Monitoring: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-208
Author(s):  
F.M. Dahunsi ◽  
O. A. Somefun ◽  
A.A. Ponnle ◽  
K.B. Adedeji
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Reconstruction Error ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Load Monitoring ◽  
Active Interest ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Storage

In recent years, the electric grid has experienced increasing deployment, use, and integration of smart meters and energy monitors. These devices transmit big time-series load data representing consumed electrical energy for load monitoring. However, load monitoring presents reactive issues concerning efficient processing, transmission, and storage. To promote improved efficiency and sustainability of the smart grid, one approach to manage this challenge is applying data-compression techniques. The subject of compressing electrical energy data (EED) has received quite an active interest in the past decade to date. However, a quick grasp of the range of appropriate compression techniques remains somewhat a bottleneck to researchers and developers starting in this domain. In this context, this paper reviews the compression techniques and methods (lossy and lossless) adopted for load  monitoring. Selected top-performing compression techniques metrics were discussed, such as compression efficiency, low reconstruction error, and encoding-decoding speed. Additionally reviewed is the relation between electrical energy, data, and sound compression. This review will motivate further interest in developing standard codecs for the compression of electrical energy data that matches that of other domains.

Real-Time Monitoring of Smart Meters Based on Blockchain Technology

2022 ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
K. Ramesh ◽  
Satya Dinesh Madasu ◽  
Idamakanti Kasireddy
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
End Users ◽  
Smart Metering ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Grid Network ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Novel Technology

In this chapter, the authors primarily discuss how blockchain is being utilized in smarter grids across the globe and how some use cases can be a good fit as a technology. They ensure the reliability and uninterrupted power supply to end users by using smart metering in micro and macro grids, which is possible with novel technology that is transparent and without any cyberattacks/hackers: blockchain technology (BCT). In this chapter, BCT is implemented significantly at micro/macro smart grid network. Such a network would give efficient improvement and be interesting.

scholarly journals Privacy-Preserving Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids Using Functional Encryption

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye-Byoul Son ◽  
Jong-Hyuk Im ◽  
Hee-Yong Kwon ◽  
Seong-Yun Jeon ◽  
Mun-Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Functional Encryption ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Trade Surplus ◽  
Energy Trading ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Advanced smart grid technologies enable energy prosumers to trade surplus energy from their distributed renewable energy sources with other peer prosumers through peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading. In many previous works, P2P energy trading was facilitated by blockchain technology through blockchain’s distributive nature and capacity to run smart contracts. However, the feature that all the data and transactions on a blockchain are visible to all blockchain nodes may significantly threaten the privacy of the parties participating in P2P energy trading. There are many previous works that have attempted to mitigate this problem. However, all these works focused on the anonymity of participants but did not protect the data and transactions. To address this issue, we propose a P2P energy trading system on a blockchain where all bids are encrypted and peer matching is performed on the encrypted bids by a functional encryption-based smart contract. The system guarantees that the information encoded in the encrypted bids is protected, but the peer matching transactions are performed by the nodes in a publicly verifiable manner through smart contracts. We verify the feasibility of the proposed system by implementing a prototype composed of smart meters, a distribution system operator (DSO) server, and private Ethereum blockchain.

scholarly journals Clustering time-series energy data from smart meters

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lavin ◽  
Diego Klabjan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Energy Data

scholarly journals Solar Prosumers in the German Energy Transition: A Multi-Level Perspective Analysis of the German ‘Mieterstrom’ Model

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Raphael Moser ◽  
Chun Xia-Bauer ◽  
Johannes Thema ◽  
Florin Vondung
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Main Barrier ◽  
German Cities

The expansion of photovoltaics in German cities has so far fallen short of expectations. The concept of ‘tenant electricity’ (‘Mieterstrom’ in German), in which tenants of a building are supplied with solar power produced on site, offers great potential here. A study on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy estimated the number of tenant households with good conditions for solar tenant electricity at 3.8 million. At the same time, the federal tenant electricity promotion scheme has been in place since 2017, but only about 1% of the annual budget has been claimed. The aim of this study is to identify the barriers for and drivers of diffusion of the tenant electricity model. To this end, a qualitative document analysis and a range of semi-structured expert interviews have been conducted. The theoretical framework used to guide the analysis is the multi-level perspective. The main barrier found for tenant electricity diffusion is the legal framework on the regime level, which also leads to high transaction costs of implementing tenant electricity. A social barrier is the inertia of some residents to actively concern themselves with their electricity supply and switch to a tenant electricity contract. Among its drivers are long-term trends such as the increasing electricity demand in urban areas, technical developments like blockchain technology and the increasing deployment of smart meters, and the EU Renewable Energy Directive. As long as the restrictive legal framework prevails, the further diffusion of tenant electricity will remain limited.

scholarly journals Information-Centric Blockchain Technology for the Smart Grid

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Lanqin Sang ◽  
Henry Hexmoor
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Data Consistency ◽  
Public Key ◽  
Energy Data ◽  
Private Key ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Group Number ◽  
Hidden Data

This paper proposes an application of blockchain technology for securing the infrastructure of the modern power grid - an Information-Centric design for the blockchain network. In this design, all the transactions in the blockchain network are classified into different groups, and each group has a group number. A sender’s identity is encrypted by the control centre’s public key; energy data is encrypted by the subscriber’s public key, and by a receiver’s public key if this transaction is for a specific receiver; a valid signature is created via a group message and the group publisher’s private key. Our implementation of the design demonstrated the proposal is applicable, publisher’s identities are protected, data sources are hidden, data privacy is maintained, and data consistency is preserved.

scholarly journals A Secure Protocol for Smart Meters using IoT Enabled Distribution Networks and Blockchain Security Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Madhura .S ◽  
Thilak Raj L
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Resource Monitoring ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Peer Communication ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Secure Protocol ◽  
Smart Community ◽  
Advanced Metering ◽  
Smart Communities

Smart Cities, Homes and Communities are the spaces where IoT sensors are used to the fullest in the Utilities sector. Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) providing the peer-to-peer communication between metering equipment that reads, calculate and provides the information related to distribution and measure the consumption. This paper outlines the network monitoring and management architecture that can be used in Smart Cities, homes and communities using the integrated IoT and Blockchain technology. Blockchain technology provides trustworthy resource monitoring of utilities for all members of the smart community that in-turn benefit the members of smart communities with enhanced monitoring and optimize the consumption of resources in protected and transparent way.

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