scholarly journals Evaluation of the Equity of Urban Park Green Space Based on Population Data Spatialization: A Case Study of a Central Area of Wuhan, China

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan ◽  
Tang ◽  
Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
User Group ◽  
Total Study Area

To measure the equity of urban park green space, spatial matching between service supply and user group demand should be taken into consideration. However, if the demographic data, with the administrative division as the basic unit, are directly applied to characterize the spatial distribution of a user group, it may introduce inevitable deviation into the evaluation results due to the low-resolution nature and modifiable areal unit problem of such data. Taking the central area of Wuhan as an example, the population data spatialization method based on land use modeling was used to build a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model of land cover type and demographic data, and the spatial distribution of the population of the 150 m grid was obtained by inversion. Then, the equity of park green space in Wuhan central city was evaluated by population spatial data and network accessibility. The results showed that (1) the range of park green space in the central urban area of Wuhan was within a walking distance of 15 min, accounting for 25.8% of the total study area and covering 54.2% of the population in the study area; (2) the equity of park green space in Hongshan District was the worst; (3) and the use of population spatial data can measure equity on a more precise scale.

scholarly journals Geovisualization Techniques of Spatial Environmental Data Using Different Visualization Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6701
Author(s):  
Dániel Balla ◽  
Marianna Zichar ◽  
Róbert Tóth ◽  
Emőke Kiss ◽  
Gergő Karancsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
North West ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Sewage System

The appearance of online map services and frameworks (e.g., KML, QGIS) has increased the possibilities to easily, quickly and—in many cases—cost-effectively publish spatial data stored in databases. The aim of this study is to present the geovisualization of spatial databases of a Hungarian settlement on the web, using the open source webGIS system and Google application programming interfaces (APIs). The interactive point and interpolated distribution maps available online provide a detailed picture of the level of contamination, the spatial distribution of the ground water supply of the investigated settlement, and the changes which have occurred following the establishment of the sewage system. In the case of PO43− we determined that in the year before the sewage system was constructed, most of the area of the settlement could be considered contaminated, with the highest level of contamination measured in the central area of the settlement. Five years after the construction of the sewage system, the ratio of the contaminated areas had significantly decreased. In the case of NO3− we found a high level of contamination before the construction of the sewage system with a concentration increase in a North–West direction. After the establishment of the sewage system, the increase in concentration was the most intense in the central parts of the settlement, while the characteristic spatial distribution could no longer be observed. The geovisualization techniques developed are able to provide information about the different spatial data for users in a visual way, and also help to understand better the spatial information using a cognitive approach. The advantage of interactive web maps created with the technologies applied over traditional static maps is a new approach, which allows the user to manipulate the temporal and spatial data directly in the most appropriate way.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Evaluation of Arsenic and Zinc Content in the Soil of a Karst Landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6976
Author(s):  
Dimitrios E. Alexakis ◽  
George D. Bathrellos ◽  
Hariklia D. Skilodimou ◽  
Dimitra E. Gamvroula
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Evaluation ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
North West ◽  
Total Study Area

Karst features such as polje are highly vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic pollution. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the soil quality in the Ioannina polje (north-west Greece) concerning arsenic (As) and zinc (Zn), and delineate their origin as well as compare the As and Zn content in soil with criteria recorded in the literature. For this purpose, the geomorphological settings, the land use, and the soil physicochemical properties were mapped and evaluated, including soil texture and concentrations of aqua-regia extractable As and Zn. The concentration of elements was spatially correlated with the land use and the geology of the study area, while screening values were applied to assess land suitability. The results reveal that 72% of the total study area has a very gentle slope. This relief favors urban and agricultural activity. Thus, the urban and agricultural land used cover 92% of the total area. The spatial distribution for As and Zn in the soil of the study area is located on very gentle slopes and is strongly correlated with the geological parent materials and human-induced contamination sources. Arsenic and Zn can be considered enriched in the soil of the area studied. The median topsoil contents (in mg kg−1) for As (agricultural soil 16.0; urban soil 17.8) and Zn (agricultural soil 92.0; urban soil 95.0) are higher compared to the corresponding median values of European topsoils. Land evaluation suitability concerning criteria given from the literature is discussed. The proposed work may be helpful in the project of land use planning and the protection of the natural environment.

scholarly journals Research on Spatiotemporal Differentiation and Influence Mechanism of Urban Resilience in China Based on MGWR Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1056
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Mengke Zhu ◽  
Qian Zhou ◽  
Yurong Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Urban Resilience

Urban resilience in the context of COVID-19 epidemic refers to the ability of an urban system to resist, absorb, adapt and recover from danger in time to hedge its impact when confronted with external shocks such as epidemic, which is also a capability that must be strengthened for urban development in the context of normal epidemic. Based on the multi-dimensional perspective, entropy method and exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) are used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of urban resilience of 281 cities of China from 2011 to 2018, and MGWR model is used to discuss the driving factors affecting the development of urban resilience. It is found that: (1) The urban resilience and sub-resilience show a continuous decline in time, with no obvious sign of convergence, while the spatial agglomeration effect shows an increasing trend year by year. (2) The spatial heterogeneity of urban resilience is significant, with obvious distribution characteristics of “high in east and low in west”. Urban resilience in the east, the central and the west are quite different in terms of development structure and spatial correlation. The eastern region is dominated by the “three-core driving mode”, and the urban resilience shows a significant positive spatial correlation; the central area is a “rectangular structure”, which is also spatially positively correlated; The western region is a “pyramid structure” with significant negative spatial correlation. (3) The spatial heterogeneity of the driving factors is significant, and they have different impact scales on the urban resilience development. The market capacity is the largest impact intensity, while the infrastructure investment is the least impact intensity. On this basis, this paper explores the ways to improve urban resilience in China from different aspects, such as market, technology, finance and government.

scholarly journals Spatial Agglomeration of China’s Forest Products Manufacturing Industry: Measurement, Characteristics and Determinants

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006
Author(s):  
Zhenhuan Chen ◽  
Hongge Zhu ◽  
Wencheng Zhao ◽  
Menghan Zhao ◽  
Yutong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Spatial Agglomeration ◽  
Continuous Space

China’s forest products manufacturing industry is experiencing the dual pressure of forest protection policies and wood scarcity and, therefore, it is of great significance to reveal the spatial agglomeration characteristics and evolution drivers of this industry to enhance its sustainable development. Based on the perspective of large-scale agglomeration in a continuous space, in this study, we used the spatial Gini coefficient and standard deviation ellipse method to investigate the spatial agglomeration degree and location distribution characteristics of China’s forest products manufacturing industry, and we used exploratory spatial data analysis to investigate its spatial agglomeration pattern. The results show that: (1) From 1988 to 2018, the degree of spatial agglomeration of China’s forest products manufacturing industry was relatively low, and the industry was characterized by a very pronounced imbalance in its spatial distribution. (2) The industry has a very clear core–periphery structure, the spatial distribution exhibits a “northeast-southwest” pattern, and the barycenter of the industrial distribution has tended to move south. (3) The industry mainly has a high–high and low–low spatial agglomeration pattern. The provinces with high–high agglomeration are few and concentrated in the southeast coastal area. (4) The spatial agglomeration and evolution characteristics of China’s forest products manufacturing industry may be simultaneously affected by forest protection policies, sources of raw materials, international trade and the degree of marketization. In the future, China’s forest products manufacturing industry should further increase the level of spatial agglomeration to fully realize the economies of scale.

scholarly journals Temporal-spatial Distribution Characteristics of Air Pollutants in Chengdu Economic Region, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 04027
Author(s):  
Hongjin Tong ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Ruixue Liao ◽  
Xiaomei Wei ◽  
Kangli Che ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Variation Characteristics

The previous characteristics researches of air pollution were almost based on data from national environmental monitoring stations in 2015. The temporal variation curves of air pollutants and the ArcGIS grid interpolation method were used to analyze the spatial-temporal variation of air pollutants in five cities of Chengdu economic region. In 2015, the monthly change trends of PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2 and NO of air pollutants in Chengdu economic region were basically the same. The maximum monthly average concentration was in January or December, and the minimum was in May to September. The temporal variation of SO2 was characterized by little fluctuation of monthly concentration. The temporal variation characteristics of O3 were opposite to other pollutants. The spatial distribution of PM10 and PM2.5 was characterized by the largest concentration in Chengdu and the southwest of Meishan, in which they were mainly concentrated in the central area of Chengdu in winter. The average concentration of CO in Chengdu was the largest, followed by Deyang and Mianyang, and Meishan and Ziyang was the smallest. The concentrations of NO2 and NO in Chengdu were the largest, while those in Ziyang were the smallest. The spatial distribution characteristics of O3 were different from other pollutants. The areas with the largest concentration of O3 were Ziyang and a small part of west in Chengdu. The spatial distribution of SO2 was characterized by the largest concentration of SO2 in Ziyang, the lowest concentration in Mianyang and Deyang.

scholarly journals MODELLING OF DOMESTIC WATER DEMAND USING SPATIAL DATA POPULATION FOR CISADANE UPSTREAM WATERSHED

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Dina Paramitha Anggraeni Hidayat ◽  
Yuddi Yudistira
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Domestic Water Demand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Watershed Boundary ◽  
Administrative Boundary

<p><em>In Indonesia, water resources management planning has done based on river area. But the problem is the calculation still based on population data with administrative boundary. This is caused by the lack of population data with watershed or river area boundary. Geographical Information System (GIS) is a tools to analyze, visualize and interpret data with spatial and geographic data. For this research, GIS is used to generate population data with watershed and river area boundary,then the result will used for domestic water demand calculation for Cisadane upstream watershed. For all district in Cisadane Upstream Watershed, the largest district in entire watershed are Cibungbulang, Leuwiliang and Nanggung. But the most dense population are Ciomas, Ciampea and Cibungbulang. The calculation using watershed boundary resulting significant difference from district boundary. With spatial data population using watershed boundary, domestic water demand calculation result can be more accurate than using all district population data. </em></p>

scholarly journals Epidemiological study and spatial modeling of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in central area of Iran

2017 ◽  
pp. 5899-5909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Mokhtari ◽  
Zahra Azizi ◽  
Soheila Rabiaee Fradonbeh
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Spatial Modeling ◽  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Peste Des Petits Ruminants

Objective. Estimate the prevalence and spatial modeling of PPR in the small ruminant population of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran, during 2009–2014. Materials and methods. Data were collected from veterinary organization and Offices in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province and data analysis was carried out using and IBM SPSS version 22 and Office 2010. For spatial modeling geographic information system (QGIS and PCI-Geomatic) was used. Results. This study showed that the overall prevalence of PPR during the years 2009 to 2014 was 1.37%. Koohrang, Ardal, Lordegan, Ben, Borougen, Shahrekord, Farsan and Kiar cities had the highest prevalence of PPR, respectively. The highest PPR infection rate was observed in the March and goat more affected rather than other ruminants. Conclusions. Our findings provide evidence of a rather common prevalence of PPR and its spatial distribution in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Using statistical tests for data analysis of PPR and its spatial modeling researchers can predict the incidence of disease in the future and could select appropriate measures of disease control.

scholarly journals A literature-based review was made to assess the applications of GIS in veterinary epidemiology and its relevance in the prevention and control of animal diseases.

2020 ◽  
pp. 047-051
Author(s):  
Fayisa Wakgari Oljira
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Animal Diseases ◽  
Veterinary Epidemiology ◽  
And Control

A literature-based review was made to assess the applications of GIS in veterinary epidemiology and its relevance in the prevention and control of animal diseases. GIS is “a powerful set of tools for collecting, retrieving, transforming, and displaying spatial data from the real world”. Overall, a GIS is a platform consisting of hardware, software, data, and people and encompasses a fundamental and universally applicable set of value-added tools for capturing, transforming, managing, analyzing, and presenting information that is geographically referenced. These data can be combined with population data and previous disease records for the prediction of diseases. Applications of GIS are very wide in all human activities. It is used for marketing studies, telecommunications, and the location of restaurants, museums, and hospitals; in tracking truck traffic; in establishing maps of animal population density by species or maps of changes in vegetation; in locating forests, rivers, and mountains and in determining soil compositions. The application of GIS to the veterinary field has been developed over the last decade. Specialized software is becoming more affordable and user friendly. GIS can be applied in veterinary epidemiology for investigation of complex disease problems, GIS is used for early warning systems, for recording and reporting disease information and for planning animal disease prevention and control program. One of the most useful functions of GIS in epidemiology is its utility in basic mapping. It is believed that GIS will play an important role in the control and eradication of epidemic Transboundary Animal Diseases (TADs). Thus training of veterinary staff on GIS, its tools, and applications are highly recommended.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of the exchangeable base ratios in the soils of the R.U.T. irrigation district

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 8077-8084
Author(s):  
Carlos José López Martínez ◽  
Andrés Echeverri Sanchez ◽  
Juan Carlos Menjivar Flores
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Semivariogram Model ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Ionic Imbalance ◽  
Best Fit

One of the more important agricultural production centers in Colombia is the R.U.T. Irrigation District, located in the Valle de Cauca. This study evaluated the spatial distribution of ratios of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+, along with the percentage of saturation of these bases in the cation exchange capacity. 100 samples were taken at two depths to determine the EC, pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+. The interpolations were made using the Geostatistical Analyst extension of ArcGis 10.3.1. The best fit semivariogram model was used, obtaining a raster surface with values of each chemical property, with which the plans were generated. The central area of the (La Union) irrigation district was more affected, with percentages of exchangeable magnesium between 40% and 75%, an inverted Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio, and a low calcium saturation percentage. The ratios were high for Mg2+/K+, normal for K+/Mg2+, high for Ca2+/K+, and broad for (Ca2+ + Mg2+)/K+, indicating a probable potassium deficiency that affected fertility. An ionic imbalance in the exchange complex was evident in the main bases of change, which may indicate degradation processes for fertility.

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