scholarly journals Recent Progress on Electromagnetic Field Measurement Based on Optical Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Peng ◽  
Shuhai Jia ◽  
Jiaming Bian ◽  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Jianben Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Faraday Effect ◽  
Optical Sensing ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrostatic Attraction

Electromagnetic field sensors are widely used in various areas. In recent years, great progress has been made in the optical sensing technique for electromagnetic field measurement, and varieties of corresponding sensors have been proposed. Types of magnetic field optical sensors were presented, including probes-based Faraday effect, magnetostrictive materials, and magnetic fluid. The sensing system-based Faraday effect is complex, and the sensors are mostly used in intensive magnetic field measurement. Magnetic field optical sensors based on magnetic fluid have high sensitivity compared to that based on magnetostrictive materials. Three types of electric field optical sensors are presented, including the sensor probes based on electric-optic crystal, piezoelectric materials, and electrostatic attraction. The majority of sensors are developed using the sensing scheme of combining the LiNbO3 crystal and optical fiber interferometer due to the good electro-optic properties of the crystal. The piezoelectric materials-based electric field sensors have simple structure and easy fabrication, but it is not suitable for weak electric field measurement. The sensing principle based on electrostatic attraction is less commonly-used sensing methods. This review aims at presenting the advances in optical sensing technology for electromagnetic field measurement, analyzing the principles of different types of sensors and discussing each advantage and disadvantage, as well as the future outlook on the performance improvement of sensors.

Vector magnetic field measurement based on magnetic fluid and high-order cladding-mode Bragg grating

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 107264
Author(s):  
Junying Zhang ◽  
Fengyi Chen ◽  
Ruohui Wang ◽  
Xueguang Qiao ◽  
Haibin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
High Order ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Magnetic Field Measurement ◽  
Vector Magnetic Field ◽  
Cladding Mode

Investigating flexible textile-based coils for wireless charging wearable electronics

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danmei Sun ◽  
Meixuan Chen ◽  
Symon Podilchak ◽  
Apostolos Georgiadis ◽  
Qassim S Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Screen Printed

Smart and interactive textiles have been attracted great attention in recent years. This research explored three different techniques and processes in developing textile-based conductive coils that are able to embed in a garment layer. Coils made through embroidery and screen printing have good dimensional stability, although the resistance of screen printed coil is too high due to the low conductivity of the print ink. Laser cut coil provided the best electrical conductivity; however, the disadvantage of this method is that it is very difficult to keep the completed coil to the predetermined shape and dimension. The tested results show that an electromagnetic field has been generated between the textile-based conductive coil and an external coil that is directly powered by electricity. The magnetic field and electric field worked simultaneously to complete the wireless charging process.

High electric field measurement using slab-coupled optical sensors

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Stan ◽  
Frederick Seng ◽  
LeGrand Shumway ◽  
Rex King ◽  
Richard Selfridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
High Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Measurement

A 4 × 4 array multichannel magnetic stimulation system using submillimeter sized planar square spiral coils: The spatial distribution of electromagnetic field

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Lei Tian ◽  
Limei Song ◽  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Jinhai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Spiral Coil ◽  
Average Magnetic Field ◽  
Stimulation System ◽  
Field Strengths

Multi-coil magnetic stimulation has advantages over single-coil magnetic stimulation, such as more accurate targeting and larger stimulation range. In this paper, a 4 × 4 array multichannel magnetic stimulation system based on a submillimeter planar square spiral coil is proposed. The effects of multiple currents with different directions on the electromagnetic field strength and the focusing zone of the array-structured magnetic stimulation system are studied. The spatial distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field are discussed. In addition, a method is proposed that can predict the spatial distributions of the electric and magnetic fields when currents in different directions are applied to the array-structured magnetic stimulation system. The study results show that in the section of z = 2 μm, the maximum and average magnetic field strengths of the array-structured magnetic stimulation system are 6.39 mT and 2.68 mT, respectively. The maximum and average electric field strengths are 614.7 mV/m and 122.82 mV/m, respectively, where 84.39% of the measured electric field values are greater than 73 mV/m. The average magnetic field strength of the focusing zone, i.e., the zone in between the two coils, is 3.38 mT with a mean square deviation of 0.18. Therefore, the array-structured multi-channel magnetic stimulation system based on a planar square spiral coil can have a small size of 412 μm × 412 μm × 1.7 μm, which helps improving the spatial distribution of electromagnetic field and increase the effectiveness of magnetic stimulation. The main contribution of this paper is a method for designing multichannel micro-magnetic stimulation devices.

Radial electric field measurement in a tokamak with magnetic field ripple

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 092001 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Trier ◽  
L.-G. Eriksson ◽  
P. Hennequin ◽  
C. Fenzi ◽  
C. Bourdelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Radial Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Measurement

On fluid motions induced by an electromagnetic field in a liquid drop immersed in a conducting fluid

1972 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sozou
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Lorentz Force ◽  
Liquid Drop ◽  
Conducting Fluid ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Tangential Electric Field ◽  
Set Up

The deformation of a liquid drop immersed in a conducting fluid by the imposition of a uniform electric field is investigated. The flow field set up is due to the surface charge and the tangential electric field stress over the surface of the drop, and the rotationality of the Lorentz force which is set up by the electric current and the associated magnetic field. It is shown that when the fluids are poor conductors and good dielectrics the effects of the Lorentz force are minimal and the flow field is due to the stresses of the electric field tangential to the surface of the drop, in agreement with other authors. When, however, the fluids are highly conducting and poor dielectrics the effects of the Lorentz force may be predominant, especially for larger drops.

Effect of uniform electromagnetic field on the trajectory of a free jet in a resistant medium proportional to the velocity.

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2909-2913
Author(s):  
Mercy Amaebi Orukari ◽  
Ngiangia, A. T
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Velocity Profile ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Fluid Particle ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Free Jet ◽  
Resistant Medium ◽  
Uniform Electromagnetic Field

The effect of electromagnetic field in a resistant medium of a free jet was carried out. The solutions of the governing equations showed that increase in electric field also increases the  velocity profile of the fluid while increase in magnetic field decreases the velocity of the fluid particle. Increase in path angle beyond radian, shows improved location of objects in a resistant medium proportional to the velocity. 

Analysis of Directionality for Spatial Electromagnetic Field Measurement Based on Faraday Effect

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-709
Author(s):  
苏洋 Su Yang ◽  
王江平 Wang Jiangping ◽  
李玉权 Li Yuquan
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Faraday Effect

A MMF-TSMF-MMF Structure Coated Magnetic Fluid for Magnetic Field Measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (19) ◽  
pp. 1105-1108
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Wenhuan Chen ◽  
Huiwen Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fluid ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Magnetic Field Measurement
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